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1) individuals with mcardle's disease cannot break down glycogen. how would this
affect substrate utilization during exercise?
2) the inferior point of the heart is called the ________.
3) sabrina's resting heart rate is 80 beats per minute, and her resting stroke volume is 50
ml per beat. what is her cardiac output? when she exercises, her heart rate increases to
100 beats per minute and her stroke volume increases to 55 ml per beat. what happens
to her cardiac output? what is the advantage of the lower relative increase in stroke
volume?
4) provide an example of a control system. be sure to include the three main
components: an input signal, a controller, and an output signal.
5) what is the major problem with the deconstructionist view of biology?
6) zoonotic diseases are transmissable from animals to humans. these include
ringworm, a fungus which infects pets and people, plague, a bacterial disease resulting
from a flea bite to mammals including humans, and rabies, a viral disease of the central
nervous system that affects all mammals and is almost always fatal. on the other hand,
the feline immunodeficiency virus has no effect on humans and human
immunodeficiency virus has no effect on cats, though each may be deadly to its normal
host. speculate on what may prevent cross-species infection in some cases and allow it
in others.
7) describe the hypothalamic-pituitary-endocrine organ pathways for the adrenal cortex
and thyroid gland. do releasing and/or trophic hormones exert effects outside this
pathway? explain.
