1) the correct order of the phases of vocational development is:
a)fantasy period, tentative period, realistic period.
b)tentative period, realistic period, fantasy period.
c)fantasy period, realistic period, tentative period.
d)realistic period, fantasy period, tentative period.
2) quality tends to be the lowest in
a)nonprofit child-care centers.
b)family child-care settings.
c)for-profit child-care centers.
d)single child-care settings.
3) in somatic mutations,
a)the defective dna is passed on to the next generation.
b)cells that give rise to gametes mutate.
c)the event giving rise to the mutation occurs at conception.
d)the dna defect appears in every cell derived from the affected body cell.
4) ivan pavlov taught dogs to salivate at the sound of a bell by using
a)operant conditioning.
b)classical conditioning.
c)innate reflexes.
d)modeling.
5) the larger size of todays children is mostly due to
a)food additives.
b)a faster rate of physical development.
c)a cultural change in body image.
d)widespread immunization.
6) which of the following factors is a reason for the superior academic performance of
finnish as compared to american children?
a)in finland, all students receive the same nationally mandated, high-quality instruction.
b)finnish parents regard native ability as the key to academic success.
c)finland has a national testing system used to ability-group students.
d)finnish teachers are not required to participate in continuing education and, therefore,
have more time to focus on the children.
7) sex differences on ________ tasks are weak or nonexistent.
a)spatial visualization
b)mental rotation
c)spatial perception
d)visual orientation
8) evan covered his eyes when the witch appeared on the screen while he was watching
the wizard of oz. evan was using
a)a secure base.
b)emotional self-regulation.
c)social referencing.
d)self-soothing.
9) adolescents begin to narrow their options in the ________ period of vocational
development.
a)fantasy
b)tentative
c)realistic
d)appraisal
10) sixteen-year-old alyssa speaks differently to her boss at work, her parents at home,
and her friends at school. alyssa demonstrates an improved mastery of
a)vocabulary.
b)grammar.
c)pragmatics.
d)pronunciation.
11) comprehension requires that children
a)recall the word and the concept for which it stands.
b)merely recognize the meaning of a word.
c)recognize the meaning of a word and actively retrieve it from their memories.
d)actively retrieve a word from their memories and be able to pronounce it.
12) which of the following parents is the most likely to pay regular child support?
a)betty, a noncustodial mother who sees her son only occasionally
b)barney, a noncustodial father who has supervised visitation with his son
c)fred, a noncustodial father who sees his daughter often
d)wilma, a noncustodial mother who has no visitation rights
13) elizabeth has developed an idea of what the perfect family should look and act like
and constantly criticizes her siblings and parents when they do not measure up.
elizabeths parents should
a)ignore her comments and hope she outgrows this behavior as she matures.
b)use authoritarian child-rearing techniques and punish her after every critical remark.
c)develop a hierarchy of negative consequences that should be implemented
immediately after each critical remark.
d)respond patiently to her remarks, but point out the positive features of each family
member to help her see that all people are blends of virtues and imperfections.
14) when kelli, a researcher, asks school-age children in a small city in india to draw
maps of their neighborhood, kelli will probably see maps that depict
a)main streets.
b)key directions.
c)people and vehicles.
d)formal, extended space.
15) a baby will display the moro reflex when his caregiver
a)shines a bright light at his eyes.
b)produces a sudden loud sound against the surface supporting him.
c)places him face down in a pool of water.
d)strokes his cheek near the corner of his mouth.
16) crying usually peaks at about
a)6 weeks.
b)12 weeks.
c)6 months.
d)18 months.
17) which of the following statements is true regarding taste in newborns?
a)newborns can readily learn to like a taste that first evoked either a neutral or a
negative response.
b)newborns do not exhibit taste preferences until a few weeks after birth.
c)not until 6 months do babies prefer a salty taste to plain water.
d)newborns respond to sour tastes by showing a distinct archlike mouth opening.
18) of all age groups, adolescents are most likely to
a)be obese.
b)skip breakfast.
c)make healthy food choices.
d)need less protein.