1) maria feels a strong sense of ethnic-group membership and has attitudes and feelings
associated with that membership. maria is displaying
a)a bicultural identity.
b)an ethnic identity.
c)identity foreclosure.
d)identity confusion.
2) kristin and katie are taller and heavier than their mother was at their age. this is an
example of
a)a generative effect.
b)a growth spurt.
c)a secular trend.
d)evolutionary adaptation.
3) which of the following is a limitation of neurophysiological methods?
a)they cannot uncover relationships between the brain and psychological development and,
therefore, have limited practical value.
b)researchers have yet to devise a method for detecting changes in electrical brain-wave
activity in the cerebral cortex.
c)even though a stimulus produces a consistent pattern of brain activity, investigators
cannot be certain that an individual has processed it in a certain way.
d)they are largely ineffective for studying preverbal infants responsiveness to various
stimuli.
4) which of the following behaviors is consistent with vygotskys theory?
a)when his mother takes him to the grocery store, tom is well-behaved because he
knows that his mother will reward him with candy.
b)when playing in her sandbox, amy builds the same sort of castle that she observed her
best friend building yesterday.
c)yesica, a child candy seller with no schooling, develops sophisticated mathematical
abilities as a result of her work.
d)when working on her math homework, michelle tries several solutions before she
arrives at the correct answer.
5) henrietta is concerned about using epidural analgesia during labor. you can tell her
that newborns exposed to epidural analgesia tend to
a)have trouble falling asleep.
b)be hyperactive and animated.
c)have lower apgar scores.
d)suck more aggressively when feeding.
baby sunni quickly closes her eyelids when her father claps his hands near her head. the
function of this reflex is to
6) a)stimulate the eye muscle.
b)protect the infant from a blow to the head.
c)protect the infant from strong stimulation.
d)communicate irritation toward a caregiver.
7) young infants most often cry because they are
a)cold.
b)scared.
c)in pain.
d)hungry.
affluent parents
8) a)too often fail to engage in family interaction and parenting that promote favorable
development.
b)are less likely than low-ses parents to have children who use alcohol and drugs.
c)are less likely than low-ses parents to have children who report high levels of depression.
d)are more likely than low-ses parents to engage in family interaction and parenting that
promote favorable development.
9) the most effective interventions for childhood obesity are
a)family-based and focus on changing behaviors.
b)crash diets.
c)school-based programs.
d)competitive sports.
10) genomic imprinting
a)can be triggered by smoking or exposure to environmental pollutants, such as
mercury or lead.
b)occurs when alleles are chemically marked in such a way that one pair member is
activated, regardless of its makeup.
c)is more likely to affect males because their sex chromosomes do not match.
d)is always permanent, cannot be erased in the next generation, and occurs in all
offspring if it occurs in one.
11) in middle childhood,
a)the amount of time children spend with parents increases dramatically.
b)child rearing becomes easier for parents who established an authoritative style during
the early years.
c)the issues parents must deal are similar to the issues they dealt with during the
preschool years.
d)effective parents retain adult control, while ineffective parents shift control from adult
to child.
12) in piagets theory, a circular reaction is a means of building schemes in which infants
a)attempt to form mental symbols of the world.
b)try to repeat chance motor activities again and again.
c)try to imitate the behaviors of others around them.
d)attempt to act out imaginary activities.
13) which of the following is true about adolescent sexual attitudes and behavior?
a)rates of extramarital sex among u.s. young people are on the rise.
b)overall, teenage sexual activity rates are lower in the united states than in other
western countries.
c)u.s. youths become sexually active later than their canadian and european
counterparts.
d)most teenagers have had only one or two sexual partners by the end of high school.
14) eighteen-month-old jazmin is offered sets of animal crackers. each set contains 1, 2,
or 4 crackers. jazmin consistently picks the set with the most pieces, displaying a
beginning grasp of
a)cardinality.
b)estimation.
c)ordinality.
d)functionality.
15) awareness of the symbolic function of pictures emerges
a)at birth.
b)between 4 and 6 months.
c)between 8 and 12 months.
d)in the second year.
16) four-year-old rolf rarely engages in attentional strategies. this is an example of a
_____________ deficiency.
a)production
b)control
c)utilization
d)rehearsal