1) if a participant responds that she is getting a grade of a in a class but really is getting
a b, she might not be lying; she might remember only her high test scores in that class.
such behavior involves:
a.observer bias
b.experimenter expectancy
c.better-than-average effect
d.socially desirable responding
2) haptic experiences are the result of:
a.the integration of multiple signals and higher-level mental processes
b.the integration of signals from all of our senses
c.the integration of pressure and pain signals
d.the integration of tactile sensations and higher-level mental processes
3) a science teacher takes her class to a wildlife refuge so the students can observe
monkeys in their natural habitats. the teacher states that monkeys, like humans, have
different personalities. the students think it is ridiculous to say that animals have
personality. who is correct?
a.the students are right; humans have personality and animals do not.
b.the students are mostly right; people may perceive that animals have personality, but
in fact humans only project personality characteristics onto animals.
c.the teacher is right; but monkeys show their personality differences only in basic
survival behaviors, such as eating and sleeping.
d.the teacher is right; monkeys show differences on basic human personality
dimensions, such as extraversion and agreeableness.
4) which one of the following is not an example of emotion-focused coping?
a.avoidance of stressor
b.minimizing the problem
c.distancing oneself from the outcome
d.creating alternative solutions
5) the most effective treatment for bipolar disorder is:
a.electroconvulsive therapy
b.behavioral therapy
c.the medication lithium
d.none of the above
6) gwen is studying the effects of comedic film on depressed participants. she is
concerned that the data collectors will produce biased observations if they know the
purpose of the study. she addresses this problem by using a(n):
a.blind study
b.correlational study
c.experimental study
d.descriptive study
7) dallas believes that he will never be successful enough or likeable enough. his friends
always tell him that he is too hard on himself, but he persists in the belief that he will
never live up to his own high standards. dallas would benefit most from _____ because
his beliefs about himself are both negative and unrealistic.
a.applied behavior analysis
b.psychoanalysis
c.cognitive restructuring
d.client-centered therapy
8) a group of microbiology students have been working on a semester-long project that
will determine 50 percent of their course grade. a week before the project is due, they
realize they have made a critical error and their results are useless. one member of the
group argues strongly that they should falsify their results so they will be able to turn in
a successful project. though all the other members have doubts, none of them feels
comfortable saying so. all the members ignore the possibility of being caught and
convince themselves to falsify the report. this scenario is an example of:
a.risky-shift effect
b.social facilitation
c.group polarization
d.groupthink
9) in grays model, the bas responds to _____, whereas the bis responds to _____.
a.genetic factors; environmental factors
b.rewards; punishments
c.pain; pleasure
d.social rejection; social approval
10) one of the earliest pieces of evidence that personality has a genetic component is the
fact that:
a.adopted children in the same family are not very similar in personality
b.identical twins are more similar in personality than fraternal twins
c.people in the same culture, who apparently share similar genes, are similar in
personality
d.men are more similar to men in personality, and women are more similar to women
11) the thalamus receives nearly all sensory information before relaying it to the cortex.
what is the one sensation that is the exception to this rule?
a.smell
b.visual
c.auditory
d.none of the above
12) in society x, everyone has enough money, people demonstrate good social skills,
and most people experience adequate mental and physical health. at the same time,
some people wish to go into therapy for minor problems, for example, related to
breaking bad habits or simply for personal growth. in society x, there is the least
amount of need for:
a.antipsychotic medication
b.client-centered therapy
c.behavioral therapy
d.brief therapies