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1) Harry and Sam are both taking French; Harry is also taking German, but Sam is not.
Harry and Sam learn these French vocabulary words in their French class:
head la tte
eye lil
mouth la bouche
The following day, Harry learns these German vocabulary words in his German class:
head der Kopf
eye das Auge
mouth der Mund
A week later the two boys are given a French vocabulary quiz in which they are asked
to give the French words for head, eye, and mouth. Other things being equal, findings
from verbal learning research would lead us to predict that:
a.Due to retroactive inhibition, Harry will get a lower grade on the quiz than Sam.
b.Due to proactive inhibition, Harry will get a higher grade on the quiz than Sam.
c.Due to retroactive facilitation, Harry will get a lower grade on the quiz than Sam.
d.Due to proactive facilitation, Harry will get a higher grade on the quiz than Sam.
2) Which one of the following best illustrates a worldview at work?
a.Ophelia is convinced that no one at school likes her.
b.Daniella thinks that the earth is round only in the way that a pancake is round.
c.On his first trip to the ocean, Eli looks toward the horizon and wonders how far the
water goes.
d.When Mick falls down and sprains his ankle, Rachel says, That must be God
punishing you for calling me nasty names yesterday.
3) The theories of Edward Tolman and the Gestalt psychologists were similar with
respect to one of the following alternatives. Which one?
a.An emphasis on how knowledge is organized
b.An emphasis on cognitive maps
c.Research with human subjects
d.The law of Prgnanz
4) In what way does the concept self-efficacy differ from such terms as self-concept and
self-esteem?
a.Self-efficacy refers only to those behaviors we learn through modeling.
b.Self-efficacy results primarily from vicarious reinforcement and punishment.
c.Self-efficacy varies depending on the specific task to be performed.
d.Self-efficacy appears only after we begin to regulate our own behavior.
5) Mr. Johansen, a sixth-grade teacher, wants to improve his students ability to learn
effectively from what they read in their textbooks. Considering research results
described in your Human Learning text, which technique should Mr. Johansen use?
a.Reciprocal teaching
b.Community of learners
c.Cooperative learning
d.Class discussion
6) In Vygotskys theory, three of the following would be considered lower mental
functions. Which one would be considered a higher mental function?
a.Learning to walk
b.Adding 3 and 3 to get 6
c.Identifying appropriate foods to eat
d.Finding ones way around the neighborhood
7) Which one of the following attributions can be classified as internal, stable, and,
uncontrollable?
a.Believing that getting the highest test score in class was all a matter of luck
b.Knowing you did poorly on an assignment because you didnt give it your best shot
c.Thinking your teacher is too hard a grader
d.Concluding that you just werent cut out to be an athlete
8) Mr. Martinez wants his first grade students to be able to identify 200 reading words
at the level of automaticity. Which one of the following techniques will best help his
students achieve that goal?
a.Tell them how important it is for them to know the words.
b.Explain how the letters of the words indicate their sounds.
c.Explain how some of the letters in the words are silent letters.
d.Give them lots of practice reading the words.
9) A man is a teacher. He knows how to teach children to read and write. He can make
children feel better when they are sad. However, he goes into debt and owes a great deal
of money, so he robs a bank and is a thief. Is he still a teacher? Does he still know how
to teach children to read and write? A child who answers no to these questions is
confusing:
a.Declarative and procedural knowledge
b.Abstract and concrete concepts
c.Schemas and scripts
d.Defining and correlational features
10) Which one of the following teacher statements best illustrates cueing?
a.Does anyone know why Henry isnt in school today?
b.Thank you, everyone, for following the format I asked you to use on your math
papers. It makes them easier for me to grade.
c.Students who are sitting quietly will be the first ones to be dismissed.
d.Who is planning to try out for the class play after school today?
11) Which one of the following alternatives best characterizes the process of
elaborating new information?
a.Remembering the order in which several pieces of new information are received.
b.Failing to notice some significant elements of the new information.
c.Paying careful attention to new information that is believed to be important.
d.Embellishing on new information by using something already known.
12) If you were to apply the concept of terminal behavior in teaching a lesson, which
one of these things would you do?
a.Identify the things students should be able to do at the end of the lesson.
b.Identify the sequence in which you should teach various parts of the lesson.
c.Reward students who successfully complete the lesson.
d.Make sure all students have mastered the prerequisite skills on which the lesson
depends.
13) Which one of the following alternatives illustrates the impact of an efficacy
expectation?
a.Anita knows that her teacher will help her if she has trouble with her math problems.
b.Brent is well aware that college admissions offices look at high school gradesbut not
middle school gradeswhen choosing students.
c.Although Christina would like to be on the varsity softball team, she doesnt think she
has sufficient talent to make the team, even with a lot of practice.
d.Davids parents must continually prod him to do his homework. Even so, he doesnt
work very hard on homework assignments because he knows they wont count much
toward his class grades.
14) Three of the statements below describe advantages of concepts. The fourth is an
incorrect statement about concepts Which one is incorrect?
a.Information that has been learned about concepts can be generalized to new
situations.
b.Concepts make the world less complex and easier to think about.
c.Concepts invariably lead to more appropriate responses to the environment.
d.Relationships among various concepts can be learned.
15) Which one of the following alternatives is the best example of service learning?
a.Struggling readers in a first-grade class spend three days a week with parent
volunteers who provide one-on-one tutoring in basic reading skills.
b.Student council members at a middle school coordinate a schoolwide garage sale to
raise money for new athletic equipment for the school gymnasium.
c.Students in a fourth-grade class work in small cooperative groups to help one another
make sense of challenging reading material.
d.Students in a biology class collect samples of local pond water, evaluate them for
bacteria content, and report their findings to the city health department.
16) Childrens misconceptions about the world may come from a variety of sources.
Which one of the following is not a likely source that theorists have identified?
a.Children form personal theories based on how the world appears to be.
b.Teachers and textbooks sometimes provide misinformation.
c.Children believe the stories that younger children make up.
d.Common expressions in language (e.g., the sun sets in the west) misrepresent reality.
17) Which one of the following examples most clearly illustrates the role of retrieval in
problem solving?
a.Arnie is trying to solve a physics problem on a classroom test. He is so anxious that
he cant recall the problem-solving strategies he needs.
b.Bradley is looking for something to haul water but doesnt have a bucket. He fails to
realize that his plastic wastebasket could easily carry water.
c.Charlie is doing a series of addition problems. He overlooks the subtraction sign on
the last problem and so adds when he should subtract.
d.Doug is angry that another boy stole his bicycle. Rather than report the theft to the
police, he steals a bicycle from someone else.
