1) one limitation of the longitudinal design is it
a)does not permit the study of individual development.
b)requires intensive study of participants moment-by-moment behaviors.
c)may distort age-related changes because of biased sampling or cohort effects.
d)is more efficient than cross-sectional design, but less efficient than microgenetic
design.
2) four-year-old marly is playing with her toy cars. she favors the blue car, but plays
with the green car for at least a few minutes. she says, i dont want the green one to get
lonely. this is an example of
a)dual representation.
b)egocentrism.
c)animistic thinking.
d)centration.
3) elaboration is most likely to be used by
a)preschoolers.
b)children in early elementary school.
c)adolescents and young adults.
d)children with adhd.
4) self-conscious emotions
a)involve distinct facial expressions.
b)do not require self-awareness.
c)are universally experienced in response to the same types of situations.
d)require adult instruction in when to feel proud, ashamed, or guilty.
5) in some hospitals, health professionals use the nbas to
a)offer parents an early intelligence test score for their newborn.
b)measure the newborns physical condition at 1 and 5 minutes after birth.
c)demonstrate to parents the capacities of their newborn infant.
d)teach new mothers how to bond with their babies.
6) which of the following is true about body proportions during puberty?
a)boys hips broaden relative to the waist.
b)girls shoulders broaden relative to the hips.
c)girls hips broaden relative to the shoulders.
d)girls legs become longer in relation to the rest of the body.
7) on average, a low-ses child is read to for a total of _____ hours during the preschool
years, a higher-ses child for ______ hours.
a)25; 100
b)25; 1,000
c)250; 500
d)250; 1,000
8) in a conservation-of-liquid problem, young children ignore the dynamic
transformation of the liquid when they
a)center on the height of the liquid and ignore the width.
b)treat the initial and final stages of the water as unrelated events.
c)become distracted by the perceptual appearance of objects.
d)mentally reverse direction, returning to the starting point.
research shows that mothers learn to discriminate their newborn baby from other infants on
the basis of touch, smell, and sight after as little as __________ of contact.
9) a)15 minutes
b)30 minutes
c)one hour
d)two hours
10) baby bertha accidentally knocks a toy hung on her crib. over the next several days,
bertha tries to repeat this effect, gradually forming a hitting scheme. in piagets theory,
this is an example of a ________ circular reaction.
a)reflexive
b)primary
c)secondary
d)tertiary
which of the following is true about how the united states ranks on key measures of
childrens health and well-being?
11) a)the united states ranks in the top 10 on most key measures of childrens health.
b)the united states ranks higher than poland and germany on the childhood poverty
indicator.
c)the united states ranks higher than canada in public expenditure on childrens healthcare.
d)the united states does not rank well on any key measure of childrens health and
well-being.