1) the bayley scales of infant development test
a)is suitable for preschool and school-age children.
b)accurately predicts future school achievement.
c)is suitable for children between one month and 3 years.
d)is a poor predictor of infants mental development.
2) during a ________ task, 4-year-old marissa is asked whether there are more oranges
or fruits in a group of two apples, one banana, and three oranges. she will most likely
say ________.
a)class inclusion; there are more fruits
b)class inclusion; there are more oranges
c)conservation-of-number; there are more fruits
d)conservation-of-number; there are more oranges
3) malek is a fearless preschooler. what tactics would you recommend to his parents to
prompt guilt reactions and conscience development?
a)mild patient tactics such as requests, suggestions, and explanations
b)coercive techniques that force guilt feelings onto the child
c)discussions with malek in which he determines the consequence for his misbehavior
d)a combination of firm correction of misbehavior and induction
4) laughter
a)reflects faster processing of information than smiling.
b)appears around 6 to 8 months of age.
c)first occurs in response to very gentle stimuli.
d)occurs more often when babies are interacting with new people.
5) mrs. rosinski gives each of her children, ages 5, 8, and 12 a shopping list of 10 items.
what result can she expect to see?
a)all of the children will immediately start to retrieve items.
b)her 12-year-old will probably scan the store before getting items.
c)her 5-year-old will probably make a plan before searching the store for items.
d)all of the children will probably make a plan and scan the store before getting items.
6) four-year-old paytin is shown a plate of cookies. she is told that there are 10 cookies
on the plate. she watches as several cookies are added to or removed from the plate.
paytins sensible prediction as to how many cookies are left on the plate displays her
understanding of
a)ordinality.
b)estimation.
c)cardinality.
d)functionality.
7) fabian and his sister felicity regularly play computer games that require rapid mental
rotation of visual images. you would expect
a)both children to show decreased spatial abilities in school.
b)both children to show enhanced scores on spatial tasks.
c)felicity to show enhanced spatial scores, and fabians scores to be unaffected.
d)fabian to show enhanced spatial scores, and felicitys scores to be unaffected.
research on deaf children and parentchild interaction shows that deaf children
8) a)of deaf parents show language and social skills that are on par with hearing children.
b) typically lag behind their hearing agemates in school, regardless of whether their
parents are hearing or deaf.
c)of deaf parents have difficulty getting along well with adults and peers once theyve
entered school.
d)of hearing parents are more cognitively advanced than deaf children of deaf parents.
9) yolanda entered school low in phonological awareness. without ________, yolanda
will probably be behind her agemates in text comprehension skills.
a)early phonics training
b)reading across the curriculum
c)metacognitive training
d)special education services
____________ tends to increase as cultures become more complex.
10) a)collectivism
b)interdependence
c)individualism
d)social harmony
11) in middle childhood, children realize that people whose ______ differs may not be
equally responsible for moral transgressions.
a)gender
b)ethnicity
c)knowledge
d)nationality
12) piagets ___________ stage is the most complex period of development.
a)sensorimotor
b)preoperational
c)concrete operational
d)formal operational
13) baby jessica accidentally pushes her stuffed toy behind the couch, out of her line of
vision. one possible reason jessica begins to cry is that she has not yet developed
a)an a-not-b search error.
b)conservation.
c)object permanence.
d)animistic thinking.
which of the following environmental influences contributes to monozygotic twinning?
14) a)early fertilization of the ovum
b)poor maternal nutrition
c)temperature change
d)high-fructose diet
15) compared to full-term infants, preterm babies are
a)at a greater risk for child abuse.
b)more often held close.
c)talked to more gently.
d)more often touched.
16) dr. brown observes behavior in a laboratory, where conditions are the same for all
participants. this is an example of
a)the clinical method.
b)a structured observation.
c)a naturalistic observation.
d)an ethnography.
17) research on african-american children adopted into middle-ses white homes during
the first year of life shows that
a)these children score similarly in iq to children who remain in low-ses homes.
b)poverty depresses the intelligence of ethnic minority children.
c)genetic factors have a powerful impact on african-american childrens iqs.
d)environmental factors have little impact on african-american childrens iqs.
18) according to george herbert mead, as children become better at reading and
internalizing others messages, they form a(n) ______ self.
a)real
b)ideal
c)inferior
d)hierarchical
19) the nursefamily partnership is a
a)health-care program currently implemented in developing countries.
b)voluntary home visiting program for first-time, low-income expectant mothers.
c)mandatory home visiting program for new mothers with special needs infants.
d)community service program available for pregnant teens in urban areas.