1) erin has no real interests or hobbies, and she cannot stay committed to an activity, a
part-time job, or her school work. some of her peers have called her shallow, and her
aunt complains that she is directionless. erikson would say that erin
a)is currently in the commitment phase of identity development.
b)is experiencing role confusion.
c)has successfully resolved the intimacy stage of identity development.
d)is having trouble with her sense of industry.
2) theories are vital tools because they
a)provide organizing frameworks for our observations of children.
b)provide the ultimate truth about child development.
c)do not require scientific verification.
d)are resistant to the influence of cultural values and belief systems.
3) the gender gap in career attainment is partially accounted for by
a)the fact that boys grades are higher than girls grades.
b)boys superior efforts.
c)innate ability.
d)girls underestimation of their own achievement.
4) the u.s. department of health and human services advises
a)exclusive breastfeeding for the first 2 years.
b)exclusive breastfeeding for the first 12 months.
c)inclusion of breast milk in the babys diet until at least 1 year.
d)weaning from breast milk by age 6 months.
5) a classroom environment based on piagets theory of cognitive development would
likely emphasize
a)joint problem solving with older children or adults.
b)reinforcing children with tokens they could exchange for treats.
c)formal mathematics and language drills.
d)discovery learning and direct contact with the environment.
6) research shows that interventions designed to teach social problem solving
a)do not benefit children from lower-ses homes.
b)rarely improve peer relations.
c)offer children a sense of mastery in the face of stressful life events.
d)do not reduce the risk of adjustment difficulties for children from troubled families.
7) __________ commit the vast majority of child abuse incidents.
a)nonparental family members
b)child-care workers
c)parents
d)stepparents and foster parents
8) if the alleles from both parents are alike, the child is
a)homozygous.
b)female.
c)heterozygous.
d)a monozygotic twin.
9) a high-school science teacher, mr. reidy, wants to increase his students skills at
coordinating theory with evidence. he wonders if he should provide them with
traditional scientific tasks, or allow them to engage in informal reasoning. what should
you tell him?
a)scientific reasoning is influenced by years of schooling that can involve either of the
two methods.
b)neither of the methods has been proven effective for increasing scientific reasoning.
c)traditional scientific tasks are the only problems that improve scientific reasoning.
d)informal reasoning tasks are the only problems that improve scientific reasoning.
10) the harm done by teratogens
a)is simple and straightforward.
b)always creates a monstrosity or malformation.
c)depends on dose, heredity, age, and other negative influences.
d)can rarely be prevented.
___________ is appropriate if the mothers pushing during the second stage of labor does
not move the baby through the birth canal in a reasonable period of time.
11) a)instrument delivery
b)epidural analgesia
c)use of an anesthetic
d)induced labor
12) fathers
a)are not as responsive as mothers to their infants social needs.
b)who provide sensitive caregiving and interactional synchrony with infants generally
have more securely attached children.
c)report feeling less anxiety than mothers about daily separations.
d)more often than mothers provide toys and gently play conventional games with
infants.
13) during the third trimester,
a)the fetus spends the majority of the day awake.
b)painkillers should be used during any surgical procedures performed on a fetus.
c)fetuses can hear bodily noises but not noises that occur outside of the womb.
d)higher fetal activity is linked with abnormal neurological development.
14) profound feelings of shame
a)motivate children to take on further challenges.
b)prompt children to exert greater effort.
c)compel children to strive for self-improvement.
d)can trigger withdrawal and depression.
15) lindsey is in the fantasy period of vocational development. she is probably ____
years old.
a)10
b)13
c)16
d)19
16) andy has developed a learned-helpless approach to peer acceptanceconcluding, after
repeated rebuffs, that he will never been liked. andy is a _______child.
a)rejected-withdrawn
b)rejected-aggressive
c)neglected
d)controversial
17) during middle childhood, the bones of the body
a)stop growing.
b)shorten and narrow.
c)lengthen and broaden.
d)are firmly attached to ligaments.
18) at birth, the ________ is nearer to its adult size than any other physical structure.
a)heart
b)liver
c)brain
d)skull
19) adult involvement in formal groups, such as 4-h and scouting,
a)prevents children from realizing the gains in social maturity associated with peer
groups.
b)prevents children from realizing the gains in moral maturity associated with peer
groups.
c)holds in check the negative behaviors associated with informal peer groups.
d)stifles childrens desire for formal or informal peer group belonging.