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1) kelly has reached adolescence and experiences difficulty having faith in ideals, such
as truth, freedom, and honesty. according to erikson, kelly
a)has a weak sense of trust.
b)has poor initiative.
c)lacks a sense of industry.
d)recently overcome an identity crisis.
2) to sit next to her mother at a restaurant, diana pushes her little brother mark out of the
way. this is an example of __________ aggression.
a)hostile
b)instrumental
c)passive
d)relational
3) teenagers who talk openly with their parents about sex and contraception
a)are just as likely as other teens to fail to use contraception.
b)report having more unprotected sex than teens who do not discuss sex.
c)have higher pregnancy rates than other teens.
d)are more likely than other teens to use birth control if they have intercourse.
4) which of the following is an activity associated with experience-dependent brain
growth?
a)writing a poem
b)singing a song
c)imitating facial expressions
d)playing peekaboo
5) compared to shy infants and preschoolers, highly sociable children show
a)greater eeg activity in the right frontal lobe.
b)greater generalized activation of the cerebral cortex.
c)lower levels of fmri activity in the amygdala.
d)higher saliva concentrations of the stress hormone cortisol.
6) a sure sign that labor is only hours or days away is
a)contractions in the upper part of the uterus.
b)the bloody show.
c)lightening.
d)frequent urination.
7) regardless of ses, daughters of employed mothers
a)are more achievement- and career-oriented.
b)show lower self-esteem.
c)perceive womens roles as involving less satisfaction.
d)devote fewer hours to doing homework under parental guidance.
8) the teacher says, if mice are bigger than cats, and cats are bigger than elephants, then
mice are bigger than elephants. this statement is likely to be judged
a)false by 11-year-old craig.
b)false by 13-year-old michael.
c)true by 9-year-old rana.
d)true by 12-year-old paige.
9) during the reformation, the puritans
a)characterized children as innocent and close to angels.
b)regarded children as fully mature by the time they were 7 or 8 years old.
c)recommended permissive child-rearing practices.
d)believed that children were born evil and had to be civilized.
10) which major theory focuses on emotional development?
a)psychoanalytic theory
b)ethology
c)behaviorism
d)ecological systems theory
11) the ethological theory of attachment
a)suggests that the infants emotional tie to the mother is the foundation of all later
relationships.
b)recognizes the infants emotional tie to the caregiver as an evolved response that
promotes survival.
c)emphasizes the importance of feeding as the central context in which caregivers and
babies build close emotional bonds.
d)suggests that infants learn to prefer their mother because she functions as both a
primary caregiver and a social partner.
12) which of the following statements is true about the application of vygotsys ideas to
infancy and toddlerhood?
a)vygotsky failed to recognize the significance of social experiences for children under
the age of 5.
b)fine-tuned adult support during infancy and toddlerhood is related to advanced
problem solving during the second year.
c)cultural variations in social experiences rarely affect mental strategies until children
reach school age.
d)while scaffolding promotes learning in the preschool years, it seems to inhibit
learning in infancy and toddlerhood.
13)
describe range of reaction and canalization, including how each of these concepts helps us
to understand how heredity and the environment interact.
14) which adolescents are at greatest risk for becoming delinquent? what are some
suggestions for prevention of delinquency?
15) what is accutane? how does it affect a developing organism?
16) discuss ecological systems theory, and describe each level of the environment.
17) define emotional intelligence. how is it assessed? how can teachers promote it?
18) list and describe advances in four basic gross-motor capacities during middle
childhood.
