1) whereas _________ refers to individuals’ capacity to behave on their own,
___________ has emotional and cognitive as well as behavioral components.
a.independence; self-sufficiency
b.autonomy; independence
c.independence; autonomy
d.autonomy; self-sufficiency
2) according to the textbook, in early adolescence, formal thinking:
a.has a “now you see it, now you don’t quality to it.
b.is very integrated into the individual’s general approach to reasoning.
c.is very similar to preadolescents in piaget’s preformal stage.
d.is employed regularly.
3) which of the following explanations of friendship would probably be associated with
the oldest child?
a.”he always wants to play with me.”
b.”he will stick up for me when a bully picks on me.”
c.”he helps me figure out how to build things.”
d.”he likes to go to the park with me.”
4) decisions about whether to implement tracking in non-tracked schools, or whether to
“de-track” schools that use ability grouping, are typically quite controversial; not
surprisingly, parents of students in the higher tracks _____, while parents in the lower
tracks _____.
a.favor the practice; oppose it.
b.oppose it; favor the practice.
c.favor the practice; are indifferent.
d.are indifferent; favor the practice.
5) if an adolescent is making a decision regarding long-term occupational plans, he or
she is likely to go to ___________ for advice.
a.his or her parents
b.a friend
c.an acquaintance
d.no one
6) max tells his friends that his mother is a “real marshmallow” who does whatever he
wants and who never enforces the rules she tries to set. if max’s statement is true, his
mother is best characterized as:
a.authoritarian.
b.nonresponsive.
c.indulgent.
d.demanding.
7) according to the textbook, in non-western cultures, there is huge discrepancy in the
extension of privileges to males and females. in general, girls’ behavior is more _____,
whereas boys are given more ____.
a.subject to the control of adults; responsibilities.
b.subject to the control of adults; freedom and autonomy.
c.likely to be regulated by community standards; family-level rules.
d.likely to be watched and scrutinized; privacy.
8) adolescents increase their ability and tendency to consider the long-term
consequences of their decisions, which is one aspect of:
a.imagining their possible selves.
b.future orientation.
c.self-concept.
d.identity formation.
9) within the united states and in canada, which race of adolescents are less likely than
other adolescents to date?
a.asian
b.hispanic
c.american indian
d.white
10) which of the following is not a risk factor for developing substance abuse
problems?
a.having excessively permissive parents
b.having easy access to drugs
c.having friends who use and tolerate the use of drugs
d.being involved in a sexual relationship
11) how much do people’s personalities differ before and after adolescence?
a.they are much different.
b.there are a few major changes.
c.they remain about the same.
d.it’s different for everyone.
12) the belief or expectation that one cannot control the forces in one’s environment is
called:
a.underachievement.
b.fear of failure.
c.learned helplessness.
d.temperament.
13) according to recent research, what percent of adolescents have attempted suicide?
a.fewer than 1% of both males and females
b.approximately 10% of females and 5% of males
c.approximately 5% of females and 10% of males
d.approximately 20% of females and 25% of males
14) compared to minority adolescents with families that have been in the u.s. for a long
time, foreign-born ethnic minority adolescents tend to perform:
a.better in school, but are more likely to be involved in delinquent behavior.
b.worse in school, but are less likely to have emotional and behavioral problems.
c.better in school, and are less likely to be involved in delinquent behavior.
d.worse in school, and are more likely to have emotional and behavioral problems.
15) which of the following is not associated with adolescents who work?
a.greater absences from school
b.greater enjoyment of school
c.less time spent on homework
d.earn lower grades
16) michelle is in late adolescence. she excels in school, holds an after-school job, and
participates in community service projects on the weekends. michelle also has lots of
friends at school. her parents most likely use which parenting style?
a.indulgent
b.authoritative
c.indifferent
d.authoritarian
17) the ways in which adolescents interact with romantic partners changes with
development, with increasing _____:
a.desires for more independence
b.willingness to acknowledge, analyze and work through disagreements
c.sources of conflict
d.pressure to engage in antisocial behavior
18) jesse has just married a woman who has two adolescents. these children will adjust
best if jesse establishes all of the following types of discipline, except:
a.consistent.
b.supportive.
c.controlling.
d.authoritative.
19) which of the following is not a finding of social scientists regarding the effects of
divorce on adolescents?
a.the quality of an adolescent’s relationship with important adults in the adolescent’s life
is more important than the number of parents in the home.
b.it is the process of going through a divorce, not the change in family structure, that
most affects the adolescent’s mental health.
c.the adverse consequences of divorce for adolescents are directly linked to living in a
single-parent household.
d. some of the differences in the effects of divorce on adolescents are a result of genetic
differences among individual adolescents.