1) the attachment q-sort
a)is a quicker and more efficient method of assessing attachment than the strange
situation.
b)takes place in a specially designed laboratory.
c)taps a wider array of attachment-related behaviors than the strange situation.
d)differentiates between the types of insecurity.
2) research shows the young children exposed to long hours of mediocre to poor-quality
child care
a)score lower on cognitive measures only if they also come from low-ses homes.
b)score lower on language measures, but high on social skills during the preschool
years.
c)still show gains in cognitive, emotional, and social competence in the elementary
school years.
d)score lower on measures of cognitive and language skills during the preschool and
elementary school years.
3) six-year-old children can understand that hypotheses must be confirmed by the
appropriate evidence, and they can sort out evidence concerning ________ variable(s).
a)only one
b)one or two
c)three
d)four or more
4) which of the following is a limitation of piagets theory?
a)he overestimated the competencies of infants and young children.
b)adolescents generally reach their full intellectual potential in all areas, regardless of
education and experience.
c)childrens performance on piagetian problems can be improved with training.
d)piagets stagewise account overemphasizes social and cultural influences on
development.
5) involvement in extracurricular activities
a)interferes with academic performance.
b)increases the dropout rate.
c)is promoted by small school size.
d)results in negative peer pressure.
6) research indicates that when solving novel problems (for example,
causal-experimental) in various task domains, adolescents
a)master component skills in no particular order.
b)fail to formulate and test the appropriate hypotheses.
c)construct a general model that can be applied to many instances of a given type of
problem.
d)formulate appropriate hypotheses but have difficulty applying effective strategies.
7) older single women in well-paid occupations who choose parenthood
a)often lack emotional and parenting support.
b)experience a stressful transition to parenthood.
c)have a hard time coping effectively with parenting challenges.
d)may encounter fewer parenting difficulties than married couples.
8) fifteen-year-old tyson feels poorly about his academic abilities and family
relationships. tyson is
a)probably an early maturer.
b)at risk for adjustment difficulties.
c)probably experimenting with different identities.
d)a typical teenager.
9) worldwide, a ___-inch gap exists between the smallest and the largest 8-year-olds.
a)3
b)5
c)7
d)9
10) hannah has warm, trusting peer ties. recent research suggests that hannah will also
be
a)more involved in exploring relationship issues.
b)less involved in career exploration.
c)higher in identity diffusion.
d)foreclosed.
11) which of the following statements is true about vision in newborn babies?
a)newborns are attracted to muted colors, such as gray, rather than colored stimuli.
b)newborns eye movements are slow and inaccurate.
c)newborns tend to look at entire shapes rather than a single feature of an object.
d)newborns see more clearly at far distances than up close.
12) in the united states today, about _______ of mothers with school-age children are
employed.
a)one-third
b)one-half
c)two-thirds
d)three-quarters
13) which of the following is true about computers and academic learning?
a)most u.s. low-ses families with school-age children and adolescents do not have
computers or internet access.
b)using the computer for word processing enables children to write freely,
experimenting with letters and words without having to struggle with handwriting.
c)computer-written word processing products tend to be shorter and of lesser quality
than handwritten products.
d)the more low-ses middle-school students used home computers to access the internet
for personal information gathering, the lower their reading achievement.
14) school-age children report which of the following after eating junk foods?
a)they feel better.
b)they focus better.
c)they are happier.
d)they feel sluggish.
15) according to research, preschoolers poor performance on appearance versus reality
tasks occurs because they
a)have an immature cerebral cortex.
b)have trouble with the language of these tasks.
c)are involved frequently in fantasy and pretend play.
d)have a general difficulty in distinguishing appearance from reality.
16) the most consistent asset of resilient children is
a)high self-esteem.
b)access to high-quality child care.
c)a strong bond to a competent, caring adult.
d)being identified as gifted.
17) according to freud, children obey the _________ to avoid guilt.
a)id
b)superego
c)ego
d)other-sex parent
18) when erin takes her brothers book away and makes him cry, erins father says, your
brother is crying because you took his book away. your behavior disappointed me. erins
father is using ____________ as a means of influencing erin.
a)coercion
b)empathy-based guilt
c)fear of loss of parental love
d)shame
19) alans elementary school has been labeled a failing school according to no child left
behind standards. alans parents will probably
a)have the option of transferring him to a higher-performing school.
b)be asked to provide additional tutoring for alan, at their own expense.
c)hear that his school has received additional federal funding to improve student
achievement.
d)learn that his teachers have received financial bonuses.
which recent theoretical perspective views children as developing within a complex system
of relationships affected by multiple levels of the surrounding environment?
20) a)information processing
b)ethology
c)sociocultural theory
d)ecological systems theory
21) what is lateralization of the brain, and why does it occur?
22) what are teratogens? what factors determine their impact?
23) explain the core knowledge perspective of cognitive development.
24) describe the four identity statuses described by james marcia, and cite factors that
promote identity development.
25) doug has decided to find a job and not to attend college. what problem is doug
likely to face? suggest ways to minimize or alleviate these problems.
26)
how does educating girls impact the welfare of families, societies, and future generations?
what impact does it have on family health?
27) what is inductive discipline, and how does it motivate childrens active commitment
to moral standards?
28) list some interventions for chronically ill children that foster positive family
relationships, help parents and children cope with the disease, and improve adjustment.
29) describe the period of the zygote, including the major developments that occur
during this period.
30) describe personal and situational factors that affect the extent to which children
hold racial and ethnic biases.