1) chromosomes
a)store and transmit genetic information.
b)come in 46 matching pairs.
c)are inherited from the mother only.
d)are inherited from the father only.
2) _________ can be estimated by x-raying the bones and seeing the number of
epiphyses and the extent to which they are fused.
a)chronological age
b)skeletal age
c)adult height
d)bone pliability
3) habituation research reveals that size and shape constancy are present as early as
a)the first week of life.
b)3 months of age.
c)6 months of age.
d)1 year of age.
4) cynthia is adventurous and exciting. because of her strong leadership skills and
persuasive personality, people are drawn to her. cynthia displays personality
characteristics of a(n) ________ person.
a)enterprising
b)investigative
c)social
d)conventional
5) current evidence on bonding shows that
a)the human motherinfant relationship depends largely on what happens during a
sensitive period immediately after birth.
b)the human parentinfant relationship does not depend on a precise, early period of
togetherness.
c)skin-to-skin contact between parent and baby is vital for the parent to feel affection
and concern for the infant.
d)adoptive parents have difficulty developing warm, affective relationships when the
infant enters the family months after birth.
6) professor spinner wanted to compare how children from different family
environments made friends at school. he carefully chose participants to ensure that their
characteristics were as much alike as possible. professor spinner observed the
participants in the school setting. professor spinner used
a)a laboratory experiment.
b)random assignment.
c)a field experiment.
d)a correlational design.
7) mrs. cybrig would like to help her low-effort daughter gain a sense of academic
competence. which of the following would you recommend to her?
a)select tasks that challenge, but do not overwhelm her daughter.
b)attribute her daughters successes to intelligence rather than effort.
c)compare her daughter to her higher-achieving son by using prizes for good grades.
d)select tasks that her daughter can easily do, so she can have success.
8) margaret is high in academic self-esteem and motivation. she probably credits her
successes to
a)luck.
b)favoritism.
c)a fixed ability.
d)ability and effort.
9) at birth, the human brain is set up to be
a)attracted to novelty.
b)wary of change.
c)attracted to familiarity.
d)bored by repetition.
10) the ________ becomes the new organism.
a)embryonic disk
b)trophoblast
c)amnion
d)chorion
11) for teenagers who are members of minority groups, a sense of ethnic-group
membership
a)is central to the quest for identity.
b)often leads to distancing from the majority culture.
c)is less important than a secure identity.
d)can interfere with identity development.
12) synchrony between fetal heart rate and motor activity peaks between _______ and
_______ weeks.
a)20; 22
b)24; 26
c)27; 29
d)30; 34
13) describe the attachment q-sort. give some pros and cons of its use over the strange
situation.
14) discuss how motor vehicle use relates to childhood injuries. what are some ways to
minimize unintentional injuries during automobile travel?
15) describe the german apprenticeship system. what are the challenges to
implementing a similar system in the united states?
16) school children around the world engage in an enormous variety of informally
organized games. how do these activities contribute to social and emotional
development?
17) describe erik eriksons psychosocial theory as it applies to the development of infant
and toddler personality.
18) when americans are asked about their desire to have children, what are the most
frequent advantages and disadvantages they list?
19)
explain the concepts of bonding and rooming in. is immediate physical contact necessary
for bonding to occur? is there a sensitive period for bonding?
20) the average number of children per north american has decreased since 1960 from
3.1 to 1.8. what are some reasons for this decline?
21) describe the effects of exercise during pregnancy.
22)
describe the structure of the information-processing system.