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1) which of the following children is the most likely to be a risk-taker?
a)betsy, whose parents are safety-conscious
b)frank, whose parents strictly supervise his activities
c)deanna, whose parents consistently enforce rules
d)donald, whose parents use punitive discipline
2) sids victims usually
a)have normal sleepwake patterns.
b)have normal apgar scores.
c)show physical problems from the beginning.
d)were full-term, normal-weight newborns.
3) gemma eats very little. she is likely to experience puberty
a)much earlier than other girls.
b)slightly earlier than other girls.
c)around the same time as the average girl.
d)later than other girls.
the independent variable is the one that
4) a)the investigator expects to be influenced by another variable.
b)is randomly assigned.
c)shows the strength of the correlational relationship.
d)the investigator expects to cause changes in another variable.
5) which of the following young adults is more likely to experience emerging
adulthood?
a)indira, who comes from a low-income family in india
b)mae ling, who comes from a wealthy family in china
c)isabel, who comes from a middle-income family in brazil
d)estevan, who comes from a low-income family in mexico
6) erik erikson was one of the first theorists to
a)study the naturenurture controversy.
b)focus on the impact of early experiences on later behavior.
c)recognize the lifespan nature of development.
d)view children as passive beings.
7) infants raised in israeli kibbutzim
a)are discouraged from developing a strong emotional bond with their mother.
b)display far greater stranger anxiety than their city-reared counterparts.
c)are passed from one adult to another, which reduces their stranger anxiety.
d)show very little stranger anxiety compared with agemates.
8) in induced labors,
a)contractions are shorter and more widely spaced apart than in spontaneous labors.
b)the rate of cesarean delivery is less than in spontaneous labors.
c)the mother is given a synthetic hormone that simulates contractions.
d)the chances of an instrument delivery are less than in spontaneous labors.
9) during the school years, english-speaking children
a)use only the active voice.
b)extend the passive voice to inanimate subjects.
c)cannot understand infinitive phrases.
d)cannot master complex grammatical constructions.
10) which of the following is true about aggression?
a)proactive aggression rises over early and middle childhood and then declines steadily
from adolescence to early adulthood.
b)although girls have a reputation for being both verbally and relationally more
aggressive than boys, the sex difference is small.
c)as soon as preschoolers are aware of gender stereotypes, physical aggression drops off
more sharply for boys than for girls.
d)parents respond far more negatively to physical fighting in boys than they do in girls.
11) conscience formation is promoted by ________ discipline.
a)child-directed
b)authoritarian
c)permissive
d)inductive
12) the beginning of adolescence is marked by
a)reaching full adult height.
b)assumption of adult roles.
c)the onset of puberty.
d)secretion of the growth hormone.
13) which statement about self-esteem is true?
a)american cultural values have deemphasized a focus on self-esteem.
b)compared with their caucasian agemates, african-american children tend to have
slightly higher self-esteem.
c)compared with u.s. children, asian children tend to have slightly higher self-esteem.
d)gender-stereotyped beliefs have little, in any, effect on self-esteem.
14) sixteen-year-old solomon seems unable to make any decisions, from what outfit to
wear to which classes he wants to take next year. his mother should
a)just make the decisions for him until he snaps out of this phase.
b)model good decision-making skills, but refrain from making decisions for him.
c)know that this phase will eventually pass, and that she should just wait patiently until
it does.
d)provide him with more opportunities to make decisions.
