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1) until recently, children were not assumed fully competent to testify in court cases
involving child abuse until age
a)3.
b)5.
c)7.
d)10.
2) in middle childhood, children realize that peoples ________ and ____________
affect the moral implications of violating a social convention.
a)intentions; the context of their actions
b)age; intelligence
c)gender; the context of their actions
d)religion; nationality
3) according to erikson, the psychological conflict of middle childhood is
a)autonomy versus shame and doubt.
b)initiative versus guilt.
c)industry versus inferiority.
d)identity versus role confusion.
4) teenagers who perceive their school learning environments to be ________ have
more successful school transitions.
a)more rigid and strict than their middle school environments
b)competitive
c)easy and unstructured
d)sensitive and flexible
5) one advantage of the sequential design is that
a)researchers can find out whether cohort effects are operating by comparing
participants of the same age who were born in different years.
b)it permits cause-and-effect inferences by studying groups of people differing in age at
the same point in time.
c)it presents participants with a novel task and follows their mastery over a series of
closely spaced sessions.
d)it is especially useful for studying the strategies children use to acquire new
knowledge in reading and science.
6) dr. kempsell combines interviews, observations, and test scores to obtain a full
picture of one individuals psychological functioning. this is an example of
a)naturalistic observation.
b)structured observation.
c)a structured interview.
d)the clinical method.
7) describe strategies for preventing early otitis media.
8) vygotsky regarded make-believe play as an important source of cognitive
development because it
a)enhances animistic thinking.
b)is rich in private speech.
c)fosters independent discovery learning.
d)provides opportunities to practice representational schemes.
9) alicia, a fourth-grader, regularly looks after herself for two to three hours after she
gets home from school and before her mother gets home from work. alicia is a
a)home-based child.
b)neglected child.
c)self-care child.
d)afternoon orphan.
10) rosanna scores highly in gardners spatial intelligence. based on these test results,
which of the following occupations might rosanna be best suited for?
a)writer
b)engineer
c)sculptor
d)biologist
11) marni, an easy-going third-grader with favorable self-esteem, has faced school
difficulties, family transitions, and early maltreatment. yet, marni is well-adjusted.
marni is
a)a stress-resilient child.
b)probably living with an adoptive family.
c)at great risk for psychological problems in adulthood.
d)unlikely to have any warm, supportive adults in her life.
12) two landmark cognitive changes that take place in substage 4 of the sensorimotor
period of piagets theory are ________ and ________.
a)deferred imitation; animistic thinking
b)intentional behavior; object permanence
c)dual representation; intentional behavior
d)deferred imitation; object permanence
13) an ________ during early childhood supports plasticity of the brain.
a)underproduction of neurons
b)underproduction of synapses
c)overproduction of neurons
d)overproduction of synapses
