1) the __________ items on an intelligence test are assumed to assess more biologically
based skills.
a)verbal
b)spatial reasoning
c)fact-oriented
d)culturally based
2) factor analysis identifies
a)normative ages for correct responses to items on an iq test.
b)which items on an iq test are reliable.
c)whether an iq test actually measures intelligence.
d)which items on an iq test are strongly correlated with each other.
3) when parents are _________, their children are likely to react in a concerned way to
the distress of others.
a)warm and sensitive
b)permissive
c)authoritarian
d)attentive, but discourage emotional expressiveness
4) by age 3, ___________ questions make up about half of childrens questions.
a)object-naming
b)non-information-seeking
c)building
d)rhetorical
5) a child who believes that all firefighters are boys
a)is a gender-aschematic child.
b)has not yet attained gender constancy.
c)has an incomplete gender identity.
d)has well-formed gender schemas.
6) reid believes that the difference between the immature and the mature being is
simply one of amount or complexity. reid views development as
a)discontinuous.
b)determined by nature.
c)continuous.
d)determined by nurture.
7) one way to increase parent involvement in school during adolescence is
a)by requiring a certain number of volunteer hours from the parent in exchange for their
teenagers enrollment.
b)to hold the parents responsible for their teenagers actions.
c)to remove parents burden of involvement in school planning and government.
d)by fostering personal relationships between parents and teachers.
8) critics argue that vygotskys theory
a)underemphasizes the importance of pretend play.
b)overemphasizes the role of verbal communication.
c)emphasizes a set of experiences common to all cultures.
d)overemphasizes the importance of independent discovery.
9) in one study, 8- to 10-year-olds judged the moral implications of flag burning. which
of the following was a judgment the children made?
a)they stated that private flag burning is worse than public flag burning.
b)they stated that burning a flag to start a cooking fire was worse than burning it
accidentally.
c)they agreed that it was never acceptable to burn a flag, even in a country that treated
its citizens unfairly.
d)they stated that burning a flag accidentally was worse than burning it to express
disapproval of a country.
10) in the early months, infants
a)have only a limited capacity to regulate their emotional stress.
b)are unable to regulate any form of emotional stress.
c)are not very easily overwhelmed.
d)rely primarily on self-soothing for distraction and reorientation of attention.
11) rates of adolescent depression are similar for males and females in
a)developing countries.
b)industrialized nations.
c)adolescence, but not in adulthood.
d)inner-cities.
12) which of the following statements demonstrates the cephalocaudal trend?
a)during infancy and childhood, the legs and arms grow faster than the trunk.
b)at birth, the head takes up one-fourth of total body length, the legs only one-third.
c)in the prenatal period, the head, chest, and trunk grow first, then the arms and legs.
d)during infancy and childhood, the hands and feet grow ahead of the fingers and toes.
13) children who live in the midst of constant danger, chaos, and deprivation,
a)tend to cope better with phobias.
b)have fewer anxieties than children with inhibited temperaments.
c)are at risk for long-term emotional distress and behavior problems.
d)have some short-term, but few long-term, emotional problems.
14) jane feels severe apprehension about attending school. she often gets dizzy or
nauseous and complains of stomachaches. jane is likely to have
a)a school bully.
b)overindulgent parents.
c)a permissive teacher.
d)harsh living conditions.