1) suzanne questions her parents religious beliefs and has begun to visit other churches
to find out about alternatives. what identity status characterizes suzanne?
a)identity achievement
b)identity moratorium
c)identity foreclosure
d)identity diffusion
teenagers in the united states spend more time together outside the classroom than
teenagers in europe or east asia. the difference is probably due to
2) a)lower rates of maternal employment in the united states.
b)less demanding academic standards in the united states.
c)fewer public gathering places for adolescents in the united states.
d)greater flexibility in school hours in europe and east asia.
3) why does the term sensitive period apply better to human development than does the
notion of a critical period?
a)its boundaries are less well-defined than are those of a critical period.
b)its boundaries are more well-defined than are those of a critical period.
c)there are more sensitive periods than critical periods in human development.
d)sensitive periods, but not critical periods, have been empirically tested.
4) scientists believe that ________ are the biological basis of imitation.
a)mirror neurons
b)motor neurons
c)pruned synapses
d)neurotransmitters
5) many __________ children are unaware of their poor social skills and do not take
responsibility for their social failures.
a)rejected-withdrawn
b)rejected-aggressive
c)popular-antisocial
d)popular-prosocial
6) which of the following is true about the results of the longitudinal study on
temperament conducted by alexander thomas and stella chess?
a)temperament can increase a childs chances of experiencing psychological problems.
b)because temperament is innate, parenting practices cannot modify childrens
emotional styles.
c)temperament cannot protect a child from the negative effects of a highly stressful
home life.
d)the psychological traits that make up temperament in childhood play a very small role
in adult personality.
7) researchers regard ________ as central to the development of abstract thought.
a)processing capacity
b)application of memory strategies
c)metacognition
d)attentional self-regulation
8) ________ is associated with ________ in adulthood.
a)low birth weight; breast cancer
b)high birth weight; diabetes
c)high birth weight; alzheimers disease
d)low birth weight; cardiovascular disease
9) low-ses ethnic minority teenagers
a)commit the majority of major crimes in this country.
b)have a greater propensity to engage in violence and other lawbreaking acts.
c)are more likely to be arrested, charged, and punished for crimes than their higher-ses
white and asian counterparts.
d)are arrested, charged, and punished less often than their higher-ses white and asian
peers.
10) research demonstrates that
a)it takes a change in several base pairs to influence human traits.
b)approximately 75 percent of chimpanzee and human dna is identical.
c)even at the microscopic level, biological events are the result of both genetic and
nongenetic forces.
d)simpler species have far more proteins than humans or primates.
11) as the prefrontal cortex develops in middle childhood, children make gains in
a)information-processing speed.
b)information-processing capacity.
c)inhibition.
d)rehearsing.
12) a major advantage of structured observation is that it
a)is useful for studying behaviors that investigators rarely have an opportunity to see in
everyday life.
b)permits participants to display their thoughts in terms that are as close as possible to
the way they think in everyday life.
c)yields richly detailed narratives that offer valuable insight into the many factors that
affect development.
d)allows researchers to see the behavior of interest as it occurs in natural settings.
13) rem sleep accounts for ____ percent of a newborn babys sleep time.
a)20
b)30
c)50
d)70
14) the boys testes release large quantities of __________, which leads to muscle
growth, body and facial hair, and other male sex characteristics.
a)adrenal androgens
b)estrogens
c)the androgen testosterone
d)cortisol and thyroxine
15) in early pretending, toddlers
a)direct pretend objects toward others.
b)are detached participants.
c)combine schemes without those of their peers.
d)use only realistic objects.
16) dr. brennemans research shows that participation in music programs is positively
related to grades in school. based on the findings from this one study, what can dr.
brenneman conclude?
a)participating in music programs causes grades to decrease.
b)participating in music programs causes grades to increase.
c)children who participate in music programs have higher grades.
d)children who participate in music programs have lower grades.
17) menarche takes place
a)after the peak of the height spurt.
b)approximately one year before the height spurt.
c)before pubic hair appears.
d)after breast growth is completed.
18) during middle childhood, attention becomes
a)less controlled.
b)more rigid.
c)less planful.
d)more selective.
19) in cultures with little art,
a)children nonetheless create elaborate drawings.
b)children still draw the universal tadpole to represent a person.
c)the first drawings of the human figure typically emphasize the head and face over the
hands and feet.
d)even older children and adolescents produce simple forms.
20) jos, age 16, thinks, what am i really like? who will i become? these remarks
a)are signs of identity development.
b)indicate that jos lacks self-confidence.
c)reveal that jos has a serious adjustment problem.
d)indicate that jos is ready for eriksons intimacy stage.