1) _________ has the most up-to-date health-care technology in the world.
a)the united states
b)china
c)sweden
d)canada
2) teenagers struggle to make plans and decisions because they
a)think more rationally than adults.
b)are better at making abstract judgments than real-world decisions.
c)have not yet mastered abstract thought.
d)have difficulty inhibiting emotions and impulses.
3) which of the following statements is true about musclefat makeup in adolescence?
a)although both sexes gain in muscle, the increase is 150 percent greater in boys.
b)arm and leg fat decreases in adolescent girls.
c)altogether, girls gain far more muscle strength than boys.
d)around age 8, boys start to add more fat than girls on their arms, legs, and trunk.
4) encouraging students to _______ and making sure they ______ are essential for solid
mastery of basic math skills.
a)memorize math facts; remember them
b)apply strategies; know why certain strategies work
c)memorize math rules; have a calculator
d)have calculators; know how to use them
5) on the basis of cross-cultural research, some investigators have concluded that the
forms of logic required by piagetian tasks
a)emerge earlier in collectivist than individualist cultures.
b)emerge spontaneously in children from diverse cultures.
c)are heavily influenced by heredity.
d)are heavily influenced by training, context, and cultural conditions.
6) the greatest damage from rubella occurs when it strikes pregnant mothers during the
a)zygotic period.
b)embryonic period.
c)second trimester.
d)third trimester.
according to vygotskys theory,
7) a)todays lifestyles differ so radically from those of our evolutionary ancestors that
certain evolved behaviors are no longer adaptive.
b)children shape their own development during both sensitive and critical developmental
periods.
c)children revise incorrect ideas in their ongoing efforts to achieve equilibrium between
internal structures and every-day information.
d)social interaction is necessary for children to acquire the ways of thinking and behaving
that make up a communitys culture.
8) ________ is seen as a psychologically healthy route to a mature identity.
a)diffusion
b)foreclosure
c)moratorium
d)conventionalism
9) in the united states, poverty rates
a)have declined in recent years.
b)are lower among children than any other age group.
c)are lower for african americans than for caucasian americans.
d)have risen in recent years.
10) recent research on gender differences in identity development reveals that girls
a)focus on intimacy development before they become concerned with establishing an
identity.
b)show less sophisticated reasoning about identity issues related to intimacy than do
boys.
c)are fairly similar to boys in that they typically make progress on identity concerns
before experiencing genuine intimacy in relationships.
d)are more identity diffused than boys and, therefore, experience intimacy in
relationships before boys.
11) which of the following is true about brain development in adolescence?
a)adolescents tend to recruit the prefrontal cortexs network of connections with other
brain areas more effectively than adults do.
b)adolescents tend to perform better than adults on tasks requiring inhibition and future
orientation.
c)in humans and other mammals, neurons become less responsive to excitatory
neurotransmitters during puberty.
d)adolescents react more strongly to stressful events than adults do and experience
pleasurable stimuli more intensely.
12) sustained musical experiences, such as music lessons, can lead to
a)substantial increases in intelligence that do not arise from comparable drama lessons.
b)substantial decreases in social maturity that do not arise from comparable drama
lessons.
c)small increases in intelligence that do not arise from comparable drama lessons.
d)small increases in social maturity that do not arise from comparable drama lessons.
13) preschoolers ability to reason about transformations is evident on
a)conservation tasks.
b)tasks that require reasoning by analogy.
c)class inclusion problems.
d)hierarchical classification tasks.
14) which of the following statements is supported by research on sex differences in
motor skills?
a)parents tend to foster sex-stereotypic physical activities in their children.
b)sex differences in motor skills are largely due to genetically based differences.
c)differences in physical capacity between boys and girls increase rapidly, beginning in
infancy.
d)boys and girls are usually channeled into similar physical activities.
15) which of the following sounds is the best example of babbling?
a) aaaaa
b) ooooo
c) rrrrr
d) nanana
16) mrs. hartley asked her second graders to draw a map of the school using their
memory. the students cognitive maps will probably
a)have an accurate arrangement.
b)include landmarks.
c)incorporate map symbols and a key.
d)depict an organized route of travel.
17) according to your text, advances in identity occur in which three domains?
a)love, work, and worldview
b)career, financial security, and love
c)job security, financial security, and marital status
d)religiosity, spirituality, and work