1) which of the following is true about reducing prejudices?
a)long-term contact and collaboration in neighborhoods, schools, and communities may
be the best way to reduce prejudices.
b)children assigned to cooperative learning groups with peers of diverse backgrounds
have fewer prejudices even with regard to out-group members who are not part of the
learning teams.
c)classrooms that expose children to broad ethnic diversity often cause children to form
negative biases about out-group members.
d)the more children believe that personalities are fixed, the more they report liking and
perceiving themselves as similar to members of disadvantaged groups.
2) when teenagers are asked directly and confidentially, ________ admit that they are
guilty of a delinquent offense.
a)almost none
b)about half
c)almost all
d)only boys
the two factors that are largely responsible for neonatal mortality are
3) a)birth defects and sudden infant death syndrome.
b)child abuse and sudden infant death syndrome.
c)serious physical defects and low birth weight.
d)unintentional injuries and low birth weight.
4) which of the following statements is supported by research on family size?
a)parental quality declines as new children are born.
b)new births lead to an increase in maternal affection toward older siblings.
c)limiting family size increases the chances of having children with high intelligence
scores.
d)parents who have many children tend to reallocate their energies.
5) daughters of mothers who took diethylstilbestrol to prevent miscarriages
a)were born with gross deformities of the arms and legs.
b)showed unusually high rates of vaginal cancer.
c)had abnormally high-pitched and shrill cries.
d)often developed diabetes in adulthood.
6) research on the consequences on punishment reveals that in african-american
families,
a)most children view spanking as a practice carried out with their best interests in mind.
b)physical punishment is positively associated with adolescent aggression and
antisocial behavior.
c)children view spanking as an act of personal aggression.
d)physical punishment is generally considered wrong.
7) tripp pretends to drink from a toy cup. tripps sister, anna, takes the same cup and tells
tripp, this is a hat. tripp refuses to place the cup on his head to pretend that it is a hat.
tripp is probably
a)younger than 2 years of age.
b)at least 4 years old.
c)less than 1 year of age.
d)at least 6 years old.
8) high-quality vocational preparation programs in high schools
a)have resulted in improved academic achievement and reduced delinquency.
b)are widespread in both the united states and canada.
c)are typically available in north american schools, but only for industrial occupations
and manual trades.
d)have shown no influence on attitudes or vocational outcomes for high school
students.
9) genes can induce depression by affecting
a)quality and quantity of sleep.
b)the overall quantity of neurotransmitters in the brain.
c)the development of brain regions involved in inhibiting negative emotion.
d)the development of social skills.
10) ________ is/are a key theme in older adolescents self-concepts.
a)being smart
b)wearing the right clothes
c)personal possessions
d)personal and moral standards
11) most chromosomal defects result from
a)mistakes during meiosis.
b)germline mutations.
c)mistakes during mitosis.
d)somatic mutations.
12) by the time a child of adolescent parents start school,
a)fewer than one-fourth have regular contact with their fathers.
b)nearly half visit with their fathers regularly.
c)less than two-thirds receive financial assistance from their fathers.
d)most have established lasting ties to their fathers.
13) the _________ is the time when serious defects from teratogens are most likely to
occur.
a)period of the zygote
b)period of the embryo
c)second trimester
d)third trimester
14) luke, age 11, can throw a ball harder than he could at age 7. when he is jumping, he
can propel himself further off the ground. this increasing ability is known as
a)flexibility.
b)agility.
c)force.
d)balance.
15) nicole is considering sending her 8-month-old son austin to a new academic
learning center where infants are trained with letter and number flash cards. you can
advise nicole that
a)austin will likely score 10 to 15 points higher in iq than agemates who attend traditional
early child-care programs.
b)although this program will not likely raise austins iq, it will probably help him learn to
read more quickly.
c)this program is probably as effective as a traditional early childhood development
program in promoting cognitive development.
d)this program could overwhelm austin and cause him to withdraw, thereby threatening his
interest in learning.
both _________ and _____________ emphasize many possible courses of development.
16) a)the psychoanalytic perspective; ethology
b)ethology; evolutionary developmental psychology
c)piagets cognitive-developmental theory; behaviorism
d)behaviorism; social learning theory
17) for most people, the left hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is responsible for
a)judging distances.
b)negative emotion.
c)verbal abilities.
d)recognizing geometric shapes.