1) japanese infants reactions in the strange situation frequently show _________
attachment, but this reaction may not represent the true attachment pattern.
a)disorganized/disoriented
b)avoidant
c)resistant
d)secure
2) which of the following is true about teacherstudent relationships?
a)well-behaved, high-achieving students typically get less support from teachers
because they are not as needy as other students.
b)overall, low-ses students have more sensitive and supportive relationships with
teachers.
c)caring teacherstudent relationships have an especially strong impact on the
achievement of children at risk for learning disabilities.
d)teachers tend to interact in the same way with all children, regardless of student
behavior or achievement.
3) african-american and native-american babies are more than ____ as likely as white
infants to be born early and underweight and are _____ as likely as white infants to die
in the first year.
a)twice; half
b)twice; twice
c)three times; twice
d)three times; half
4) a surprising aspect of brain growth is that
a)the neural tube produces far less neurons than the brain will need.
b)as synapses form, 20 to 80 percent of the surrounding neurons die.
c)during infancy and toddlerhood, neural fibers stagnate.
d)neurons send messages to one another through neuroimaging.
5) an investigator wanted to speak candidly with high school students about their drug
use. he felt that the students would be more honest if their parents were unaware that
they were participating in the study. if the investigator chooses to interview the students
without their parents knowledge, he will violate which of the following childrens
research rights?
a)privacy
b)protection from harm
c)informed consent
d)beneficial treatments
6) dental health affects a childs
a) resistance to disease.
b)personality.
c)speech.
d)iq.
7) the mayor of central city wants to reduce its youth crime rate. based on research
findings, which of the following would you recommend?
a)start school earlier in the day and end it later in the day.
b)require ongoing extracurricular involvement in public high schools.
c)decrease the amount of homework assigned to students in an effort to bridge the
adult-adolescent divide.
d)promote high-quality teaching in schools and create work-study vocational education
programs.
8) the fishers are a dual-earner family. the fisher children probably ___________ than
their friends in single-earner households.
a)participate in fewer household chores
b)have more rigid gender-role attitudes
c)have more behavioral and academic problems
d)devote more daily hours to doing homework under parental guidance
9) at which of kohlbergs stages would a child reason, you do this for me, and ill do this
for you? the ________ orientation.
a)punishment and obedience
b)instrumental purpose
c)good boy-good girl
d)social-order-maintaining
10) evaluations of children who experience jumpstart show
a)iq gains of 10 to 15 points over a single academic year.
b)gains in language, literacy, task persistence, and social skills.
c)greater gains in social skills than academic skills.
d)that children from middle-ses homes show the greatest long-term gains.
11) most preschoolers believe that
a)women can be police officers.
b)men do not wear nail polish.
c)women can play roughly.
d)men can take care of babies.
12) during a conservation-of-liquid task, when asked why he thinks there is more water
in the taller glass, 5-year-old gus points out that the water level is higher in the taller
glass than in the shorter glass but neglects to mention that this change in height is
compensated by changes in width. this example demonstrates a limitation of
preoperational thought known as
a)centration.
b)seriation.
c)transductive reasoning.
d)irreversibility.
13) lincoln, an american adult, is asked: do you consider yourself to have reached
adulthood? he responds that he feels that he is truly an adult. lincoln is probably
________ years old.
a)18 or 19
b)20 to 22
c)23 to 25
d)26 to 35
14) cross-cultural research indicates that
a)the situations in which adults encourage various self-conscious emotions vary from
culture to culture.
b)in collectivist cultures, most children are taught to feel pride over personal
achievement.
c)nonverbal expressions of basic emotions differ widely from culture to culture.
d)in western individualistic nations, most children are taught to feel embarrassment
over individual achievement.
15) ________ occurs when the vaginal opening is stretched around the babys entire
head.
a)lightening
b)bloody show
c)crowning
d)transition
16) piaget acknowledged that
a)formal operational thinking is culturally transmitted from parents or more expert
peers to children.
b)achievement of the formal operational stage probably occurs as a result of new
information-processing abilities.
c)very few adults are capable of formal operational thinking.
d)people in some societies may not demonstrate formal operations as a result of lack of
experience with hypothetical problems.
17) _________ viewed adolescence as a period so turbulent that it resembled the era in
which humans evolved from savages into civilized beings.
a)g. stanley hall
b)sigmund freud
c)jean-jacques rousseau
d)anna freud
18) based upon the fact that people are attracted to occupations that complement their
personalities, john holland identified ________ that affect vocational choice.
a)6 interest areas
b)6 personality types
c)10 vocational areas
d)8 personality subgroups
19) which of the following is true about otitis media?
a)the insertion of plastic tubes that drain the eustachian tubes is an ineffective treatment
for otitis media.
b)otitis media occurs less often in children who attend child-care centers than in those
who do not.
c)only about 20 percent of u.s. children have experienced a bout of otitis media.
d)the incidence of otitis media is greatest between 6 months and 3 years.