1) willeminas mom is concerned that she is not eating a well-balanced diet. one solution
is to
a)make sure she eats three healthy meals a day, but allow at least one junk food snack
between meals.
b)keep cheese, fruit, raw vegetables, and peanut butter readily available for snacks.
c)make sure to have new, novel healthy food items available for snacks.
d)allow her to make her own food choices because children naturally select balanced
diets.
2) which of the following statements about adolescence is true?
a)the length of adolescence does varies little from culture to culture.
b)in modern industrialized societies, the adolescent transition to adulthood is relatively
short.
c)the biological changes of adolescence are universal, found in all primates and all
cultures.
d)many cultures do not have an intervening phase between childhood and the full
assumption of adult roles.
3) __________ is related to asthma in middle childhood.
a)obesity
b)enuresis
c)otitis media
d)myopia
4) in operant conditioning, a(n) ___________ increases the occurrence of a response.
a)neutral stimulus
b)conditioned stimulus
c)reinforcer
d)unconditioned stimulus
5) when asked about the disadvantages of parenthood, americans cite _____________
most often.
a)loss of freedom
b)financial strain
c)loss of privacy
d)work conflicts
6) critics argue that youth sports
a)overemphasize cooperation.
b)substitute childrens natural experimentation for needed adult control.
c)actually lead to a decrease in physical fitness activities in adulthood.
d)overemphasize competition.
7) models are most influential in
a)adulthood.
b)adolescence.
c)middle childhood.
d)the early years.
8) which of the following statements is supported by research on lead exposure during
childhood?
a)overall, poorer mental test scores associated with lead exposure persist over time and
seem permanent.
b)lead-exposed children given drugs to induce excretion of lead improve in long-term
outcomes.
c)once lead-exposed children move away from contaminated areas, their mental test
scores increase.
d)negative lead-related cognitive consequences are evident only at high levels of
exposure.
9) stepfathers
a)who marry rather than cohabit are usually more involved in parenting.
b)generally disrupt the close ties many boys have with their mothers.
c)are usually welcomed by girls, regardless of the girls age.
d)tend to be more welcomed by older school children than by younger ones.
10) three-year-old evan recognizes and reads the word pizza on a familiar sign, but
thinks that his name is spelled e. this demonstrates evans
a)theory of mind.
b)metacognition.
c)emergent literacy.
d)phonological awareness.
11) girls typically react to menarche with
a)surprise.
b)joy.
c)fear.
d)depression.
12) according to __________ theory, when given challenging problems, children try out
various strategies and observe which work best, which work less well, and which are
ineffective.
a)overlapping-waves
b)metacognitive
c)false-belief
d)mindblindness
abbie was born seven weeks premature. her tiny lungs were so poorly developed that the
air sacs collapse. a mechanical respirator is being used to keep abbie breathing. abbie
suffers from
a)cerebral palsy.
b)toxemia.
13) c)hyaline membrane disease.
d)acidosis.
14) ten-year-old gemma is presented with a stream of numbers on a computer screen.
she is asked to press a button whenever the two-digit sequence of a 5 followed by a 7
appears. gemmas _______ attention is being tested.
a)adaptive
b)selective
c)planful
d)productive
15) during substage __ of the sensorimotor period, babies repeat chance behaviors
largely motivated by basic needs.
a)1
b)2
c)3
d)4
16) chronic delinquents typically
a)experience peer rejection in childhood.
b)show few academic problems in childhood.
c)behave rebelliously despite good parental discipline.
d)are unresponsive to pressures of the peer group.
17) three-year-olds artie and kurt had identical boxes of raisins at snack time. when kurt
poured his raisins out onto the table, artie was sure that kurt had more raisins. this
demonstrates that artie lacks
a)conservation.
b)animistic thinking.
c)hierarchical classification.
d)dual representation.
18) piaget argued that babies make the a-not-b search error because
a)the ability to engage in goal-directed behavior has not yet developed.
b)they do not have a clear image of the object as persisting when hidden from view.
c)appreciation of physical causality has not yet been attained.
d)they cannot yet coordinate meansend action sequences.
19) in school-age children, adolescents, and adults, ________ intelligence is positively
associated with self-esteem, leadership skills, and life satisfaction, and negatively
related to depression and aggressive behavior.
a)spatial
b)emotional
c)analytical
d)bodily-kinesthetic