1) learned-helpless children
a)are more persistent than other children.
b)are more likely to see the connection between effort and success.
c)attribute their failures to bad luck.
d)hold a fixed view of ability.
2) the kauai study tells us that
a)even children who experience mild birth trauma and grow up in stable families do not
do as well on measures of intelligence as children with no birth problems.
b)as long as birth injuries are not overwhelming, a supportive home can restore
childrens growth.
c)a supportive home environment does little to alleviate the effects of birth trauma, as
brain injuries are often permanent.
d)children who experience moderate birth trauma and are exposed to poverty will have
serious learning difficulties even if they are otherwise resilient.
3) children with autism
a)only use words to exchange ideas.
b)have narrow and overly intense interests.
c)engage in more make-believe play than typically developing children.
d)show extremely rapid synaptic pruning.
4) newborn babies respond with _______ to too much or too little stimulation.
a)locked gazes
b)generalized distress
c)fear
d)mouth-open smiles
5) since sheila has become a teenager, she tends to be idealistic, more critical of her
parents, and generally indecisive. which of the following statements regarding sheila is
true?
a)she is showing signs of a possible learning disability.
b)she is displaying characteristics of adolescence that will probably benefit her in the
long run.
c)she probably has severe psychological problems and bends easily to peer pressure.
d)she probably has a history of attachment insecurity with one or both parents.
6) vegetarian adolescents
a)are far less likely than their nonvegetarian counterparts to have healthy eating habits.
b)may have diets that are deficient in certain nutrients.
c)are prone to fad dieting, which can lead to later weight gain.
d)usually consume too few calories and nutrients.
7) of the following, which is supported by research on fathers?
a)in the united states, hispanic fathers spend more time engaged with their children
compared to fathers in other ethnic groups.
b)in dual-earner families, mothers and fathers devote equal time to caregiving.
c)in the united states, high-ses fathers devote more time to their children than low-ses
fathers.
d)fathers in japan spend more time engaged in infant caregiving compared to fathers in
the united states.
8) which of the following is true about harsh punishment?
a)although corporal punishment spans the ses spectrum, its frequency and harshness are
elevated among the educated and economically advantaged parents.
b)a punitive adult is likely to punish with greater frequency over time because harsh
punishment gives adults immediate relief.
c)adults whose parents used corporal punishment are less accepting of such discipline
because theyve seen the consequences firsthand.
d)there is no evidence that heredity contributes to the link between punitive discipline
and childrens adjustment difficulties.
9) preschoolers become better at __________ by following directions for playing games
and cooking from recipes.
a)scaffolding
b)planning
c)metacognition
d)recognition
10) ________ increases sharply between ages 3 and 4the period during which children
scramble over the amnesia barrier.
a)autobiographical memory
b)implicit memory
c)explicit memory
d)verbal recall
11) in response to a story about unjust parental punishment, which of the following
children is most likely to say that he or she would feel ok, rather than angry?
a)dalaja, a hindu girl
b)joslyn, an american girl
c)ashoka, a buddhist boy
d)samuel, an american boy
12) describe a piagetian classroom. what educational principles derived from piagets
theory continue to influence teacher training and classroom practices?
13) what is malocclusion and what causes it?
14) using thomas and chesss model of temperament, identify and describe the three
categories of children. do all children fit into one of these categories? explain.
15) explain why teenagers have difficulty with decision making.
16) what are some ways that schools can prevent learned helplessness and foster a
mastery-oriented approach to learning?
17) describe the developmental sequence of cognitive play categories. provide
examples of each.
18) describe ways parents and caregivers can soothe a crying baby, and explain how or
why each technique works.
19)
summarize the benefits of establishing familyneighborhood ties.
20) explain what piagets famous conservation tasks reveal about preoperational
childrens thinking.
21) compared to school-age children, adolescents show improved ability to think
scientifically. what factors contribute to this improvement?