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Table 13.4
A professor is working with five teams in his marketing research class. He decides to
experiment with path-goal theory in helping these groups accomplish their off-campus
studies. Group A has done a project for him before. He gets them setting challenging
goals and seeks to get them to produce an even better project this time. With Group B
he provides very specific guidelines, sets deadlines, and lays out the rules of the class
and project. He lets Group C manage their own task. He encourages them, works on
building a strong rapport with them, and tries to meet their needs related to the project.
By the time he gets to Group D, he discovers they're already lost, confused, and a week
behind everyone else. He sets a work schedule for them and provides step-by-step
guidelines regarding the project so they won't get confused or distracted again.
Refer to Table 13.4. With Group A, the professor is using:
A) an instrumental style.
B) a supportive style.
C) a participative style.
D) an achievement-oriented style.
Worker turnover in the XYZ Corp. is quite high. It seems that people from the same
work group where there had been recent layoffs are quitting at a high rate. This is an
example of:
A) the snowball effect.
B) social impact theory.
C) the old boys' network.
D) the effect of centralized communication.
People learn and retain skills longer when they:
A) take a passive approach to learning.
B) focus on theory rather than practical knowledge.
C) provide feedback to their instructors.
D) participate in the learning process.
Table 12.1
Lee is the vice-president of a large department. He has a number of projects to assign to
his managers, who are already overworked and understaffed. While they are capable
and willing, one more project is going to push some of them to the breaking point.
Before assigning any projects, he calls a meeting of all his managers to discuss the
current situation and the new projects that have been given to him. He asks his
managers for their help in getting through this workload crisis and points out that they
were able to do it before. A couple of managers complain to Lee, saying it isn't fair to
expect so much, and they can't keep going at this pace. In response, Lee points out that
the company has always been this way. He told them about the workload when he
interviewed them, and they have been through this kind of push before. Lee decides to
give the Techno 2120 project to Joan. As he tells her about it, he explains that this
project will contribute directly to the company's bottom line, and that it is something
similar to her last project, making her the best manager for the job. With Hoa, Lee
begins by making some small talk and asking him how his golf game is going. Lee
expresses admiration for Hoa's skill as a golfer and his ability to balance his work and
personal life so well. Then Lee explains how Hoa is the only one who can handle the
project he is getting. As his best project manager because of his great past results, Hoa
is the one for the job.
Refer to Table 12.1. Lee begins his meeting by using the social influence tactic of:
A) rational persuasion.
B) congruence.
C) personal appeal.
D) coalition building.
Practices that are accepted within the organization, although they are contrary to the
prevailing ethical standards of society at large, are known as:
A) counternorms.
B) ethical relativism.
C) stonewalling.
D) ethical imperialism.
The belief that concern for others is less important than one's own immediate interests
is known as:
A) ethical relativism.
B) bottom-line mentality.
C) exploitative mentality.
D) Madison Avenue mentality.
Donating money to social causes would fall under which of the responsibilities of
corporate social responsibility?
A) Philanthropic
B) Ethical
C) Economic
D) Financial
B. F. Skinner's work on instrumental conditioning would be best able to explain which
of the following?
A) The tendency for people to continue playing slot machines although they are bound
to lose money.
B) The tendency for a supervisor's praise to increase a subordinate's good behavior.
C) The tendency for a person chastised by his co-workers for wearing inappropriate
clothing to the office to refrain from doing so again.
D) All of the above.
Lashing out at others in response to stressful encounters at work is called:
A) desk rage.
B) information anxiety.
C) role conflict.
D) strain.
Which of the following can promote transformational leadership?
A) Celebrate successes and accomplishments.
B) Set an example.
C) Develop a vision that is both clear and highly appealing to others to follow.
D) All of the above.
Stretch goals, in which higher levels of current activities are aggressively pursued, are
known as:
A) horizontal stretch goals.
B) vertical stretch goals.
C) equity goals.
D) expectancy goals.
Only ________ percent of new ventures last as long as 50 years.
A) 2
B) 5
C) 12
D) 20
A CEO wants an effective, quick, flexible, cost-effective way to affect organizational
development. The best choice would be:
A) team building.
B) quality of work life programs.
C) management by objectives.
D) survey feedback.
Regarding personal orientations toward cooperation, people whose primary motive is
doing better than others are described as:
A) competitive.
B) individualistic.
C) cooperative.
D) altruistic.
Which of the following is a reason why classical organizational theory has fallen into
disfavor?
A) It paid too much attention to human needs.
B) It is not well suited to a changing environment.
C) It did not focus adequately on profitability.
D) It permitted central core functions to be copied by competitors.
Organizational structure refers to the:
A) formal patterns of communication, who talks to whom.
B) pattern of communication networks in the organization.
C) directing of the flow of communication within an organization.
D) formally prescribed pattern of interrelationships existing between various units.
Table 16.2
Loading Dock One, an international products retailer, is going through organizational
change. The entrance of several low cost retailers into their market of quality
international gifts is forcing them to seek greater efficiencies so they can lower costs
and prices. Unfortunately, their employees are resisting the changes. They understand
competition is increasing, but they fear the changes will eliminate jobs or diminish the
variety of their work. Not only are the employees resisting, but it seems that the way
LDO has hired, trained, and rewarded employees also hinders the changes they want to
make. Some managers also are resisting the change because they can see their staffs
being reduced or their entire work units eliminated.
Refer to Table 16.2. Loading Dock One (LDO) is facing change due to:
A) government regulation.
B) a performance gap.
C) global economic competition.
D) the introduction of new technology.
In expectancy theory, ________ is the belief that one's performance will be rewarded.
A) instrumentality
B) expectancy
C) valence
D) procedural justice
Assessing individual performance takes place during ________ of the executive
coaching process.
A) Step 1
B) Step 2
C) Step 3
D) Step 4
The current state of the problem of sexual harassment in the workplace is indicated by
the fact that:
A) men are now experiencing sexual harassment more than women.
B) one-half of the men polled in a recent survey admitted to having done something that
might be construed as sexual harassment.
C) over 2/3 of employed women indicated they had been the object of sexual
harassment.
D) there has been a significant decline in sexual harassment complaints filed with the
EEOC.
The 'shock to the system" helps to explain:
A) hangover effect.
B) decision frames.
C) honeymoon effect.
D) voluntary turnover.
The most basic form of a group is the:
A) formal and informal group.
B) work group, cross-functional team.
C) intact group, self-managed team.
D) temporary work team.
Andrea works for a service organization that is very customer-orientated. Because of
this, a great deal of power resides with the support staff, including her. This is an
example of a(n):
A) adhocracy.
B) divisional structure.
C) professional bureaucracy.
D) machine bureaucracy.
Which of the following countries allows companies to dispose of toxic chemical waste?
A) Canada
B) Japan
C) Nigeria
D) China
According to one research study, employees in a large financial services company who
had their jobs enlarged improved their performance:
A) and overall company performance improved.
B) but the rate of employee error increased a year later.
C) and job satisfaction remained unchanged.
D) but organizational commitment decreased.
When thinking about the five stages of group development, it is important to remember
that:
A) most groups spend approximately the same amount of time in each stage.
B) all groups progress through the five stages in order.
C) each stage will have a clear beginning and ending.
D) it is a general framework for group formation.
The top 50 most innovative companies enjoyed annual profit margin growths that were
________ as compared to the average Standard & Poor's Global 1200 companies.
A) a little higher
B) considerably higher
C) a little lower
D) significantly lower
Most employees are sensitive to organizational efforts to promote ethical behavior
because these represent social standards of right and wrong. This thinking is prevalent
at which of the following levels?
A) Preconventional level
B) Conventional level
C) Postconventional level
D) Relativistic level
In which of the following countries is using pirated software considered acceptable?
A) Indonesia
B) Japan
C) Germany
D) China
During his interview, John was told that work hours were 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
However, he noticed after about three weeks that the "up and coming" managers tended
to show up by 6:30 a.m. and did not go home until around 7:00 p.m. This is an example
of organizational culture's role of:
A) providing a sense of identity for its members.
B) clarifying standards of behavior.
C) communicating the organization's mission.
D) determining what constitutes innovation.
________ is self-sustaining through the conversion of external resources into
organizational outputs.
A) An open system
B) Organizational behavior research
C) An organization
D) Contingency management
If someone is low in achievement motivation, they will:
A) avoid all responsibility.
B) also be high in affiliation motivation.
C) seek either very hard or very easy tasks.
D) be high in self-efficacy.
