The controversy over the ethicality of OD comes out of the tendency for OD techniques
to:
A) not provide clear answers as to the best way to do something.
B) equalize power within organizations.
C) impose the values of the organization on the individual.
D) be less meaningful for workers than for managers.
Which of the following laws forbids paying bribes to foreign officials?
A) Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
B) False Claims Act
C) Sarbanes-Oxley
D) Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations
The key to equity theory is the:
A) outcomes the employee receives for his/her effort.
B) employee’s perception regarding the balance of outcomes to inputs.
C) employee’s commitment to the job and company.
D) employee’s inputs.
George believes that Jean is trying to hurt him. This is an example of what cause of
conflict?
A) Grudges
B) Malevolent attributions
C) Destructive criticism
D) Distrust
A leader with low concern for both production and people is said to have a(n) ________
management style.
A) counterproductive
B) middle-of-the-road
C) impoverished
D) apathetic
In terms of core self-evaluations, the overall value one places on oneself as a person is:
A) self-esteem.
B) generalized self-efficacy.
C) locus of control.
D) emotional stability.
Suppose you see your co-worker getting chewed out by your boss because he took too
long a coffee break. Now, you refrain from taking coffee breaks that are too long
yourself. This is an example of which of what type of learning?
A) Classical conditioning
B) Instrumental conditioning
C) Observational learning
D) Feedback training
Perceptual biases in performance appraisal can be caused by:
A) the extent to which that performance is consistent with the rater’s initial
expectations.
B) the nature of the rater’s attributions about the performance.
C) the characteristics of the person being perceived, as well as those of the perceiver.
D) All of the above.
When employees hold positive attitudes toward their organizations they are more likely
to engage in:
A) deviance.
B) OCB-I.
C) OCB-O.
D) both OCB-I and OCB-O.
Managers who do favors for others who might feel obligated to repay them are using
which political tactic?
A) Cultivating a favorable impression
B) Controlling access to information
C) Creating obligations and using reciprocity
D) Aligning oneself with more powerful others
When task performance of a group is determined by pooled efforts, it is known as:
A) an additive task.
B) a disjunctive task.
C) a social task.
D) conjunctive task.
Table 7.4
The production department is implementing a job design program. Alfonso has been
given the responsibility. Leading a team of managers and hourly employees, Alfonso is
to come up with the best way to implement the program. As techniques are discussed, it
appears that the workers are reluctant to accept management’s push to give each
employee more tasks to perform while not increasing responsibility or the needed task
skills. The hourly workers want more control over their jobs and greater
responsibilities. Alfonso explains they still need to determine what elements need to be
enriched for the program to work. He further explains that employees have reported
through an organizational survey that their first desire is to experience meaningfulness
in their jobs, and they don’t really want increased responsibility and accountability,
feeling it will add too much stress to their jobs.
Refer to Table 7.4. Based on the employee survey, which job dimensions should the
group focus on enriching?
A) Autonomy
B) Task identity
C) Feedback
D) None of the above.
The process of delegating power from higher to lower levels within organizations is
known as:
A) centralization of authority.
B) division of labor.
C) decentralization of authority.
D) setting the span of control.
“I’m not going to do what is right, even if others don’t agree.” This is moral thinking at
which of the following levels?
A) Preconventional level
B) Conventional level
C) Postconventional level
D) Relativistic level
Being tolerant to temporary inconveniences without complaining is an example of:
A) psychological contracts.
B) OCB-I.
C) OCB-O.
D) both OCB-I and OCB-O.
The first indicator that groupthink could develop is:
A) the group has high levels of cohesion.
B) pressure to go along with the group develops.
C) a reluctance to question group decisions develops.
D) the development of the illusion that decisions are unanimous.
The element of an organization where the basic work is performed is known as the
________ in Mintzberg’s framework.
A) technostructure
B) strategic apex
C) operating core
D) support staff
In a ________, employees report to both a product manager and a functional manager.
A) matrix organization
B) quasi-functional organization
C) mechanistic organization
D) organic organization
Which of the following groups is most likely to report dissatisfaction with their jobs?
A) Hand packers.
B) Members of the clergy.
C) Education administrators.
D) Sculptors.
Organizations are most likely to adopt matrix designs when:
A) each unit contains sufficient resources to complete its own projects.
B) the market environment is stable.
C) financial and human resources must be stretched to meet challenges and new
opportunities.
D) their markets mature and they need economies of scale to compete on the basis of
price.
Organizations structured along functional lines:
A) are less efficient than other organizational structures.
B) permit greater job specialization.
C) provide better customer service.
D) have less clean lines of authority than other organizational structures.
Which of the following is true about stereotypes?
A) We can learn to never use them through self-awareness and careful training.
B) Despite the fact people don’t like them, the use of stereotypes does little real harm to
people.
C) Stereotypes allow people to do as little cognitive work as possible when it comes to
thinking about others.
D) Only bad people, who are inherently evil, use stereotypes.
Some companies are structured such that people work together on certain projects all
the time and do not apply their specialty to a wide range of products. These companies
are utilizing:
A) intact teams.
B) cross-functional teams.
C) temporary teams.
D) improvement teams.
Table 16.1
Todd’s restaurant is changing from a fast food menu and walk-through service to
simple, quickly prepared meals eaten in the restaurant or along the sidewalk. This
change was brought on by the losses he is experiencing due to decreased demand for
fast food. In order to make the changes as effective as possible and to avoid having to
react in the future, Todd is talking to his employees about their ideas on the changes and
what the future might hold. He wants employees to try some new things, tell him what’s
working and what’s not working, and help the company grow.
Refer to Table 16.1. In terms of a learning organization, Todd’s talking to his employees
is:
A) establishing a commitment to change.
B) developing an open organizational culture.
C) adopting an informal organizational structure.
D) rewarding constructive behavior.
If you want to frame a decision in such a way as to increase the likelihood that people
will be more willing to take risks, you should:
A) frame the problem in terms of the potential losses to be suffered.
B) frame the problem in terms of the positive gains to be received.
C) balance the framing of the problem between potential losses and positive gains.
D) do none of the above.
The CEO is considering implementing teams. During the discussion the question is
raised about whether they should use intact teams or cross-functional teams. This
discussion is about the ________ dimension of teams.
A) operational autonomy
B) mission or purpose
C) time
D) authority structure
The ability to think and reason abstractly using symbols rather than words or numbers
is:
A) space visualization.
B) enlightenment.
C) cosmic consciousness.
D) symbolic reasoning.
Table 7.4
The production department is implementing a job design program. Alfonso has been
given the responsibility. Leading a team of managers and hourly employees, Alfonso is
to come up with the best way to implement the program. As techniques are discussed, it
appears that the workers are reluctant to accept management’s push to give each
employee more tasks to perform while not increasing responsibility or the needed task
skills. The hourly workers want more control over their jobs and greater
responsibilities. Alfonso explains they still need to determine what elements need to be
enriched for the program to work. He further explains that employees have reported
through an organizational survey that their first desire is to experience meaningfulness
in their jobs, and they don’t really want increased responsibility and accountability,
feeling it will add too much stress to their jobs.
Refer to Table 7.4. Management wants what type of job design program?
A) Job enlargement
B) Vertical job loading
C) Job enrichment
D) Job characteristics model approach
The use of discipline in organizations to eliminate undesirable behavior is:
A) in decline due to unfair labor practices lawsuits.
B) infrequently used because most managers dislike doing it.
C) a relatively common practice in organizations.
D) quite similar across organizations, in that most use a standard one-step process.
Standards of conduct that guide people’s decisions and behavior are known as:
A) ethics.
B) morals.
C) business ethics.
D) corporate social responsibility.
For every dollar earned by men, women earn:
A) 53.5 cents.
B) 63 cents.
C) 77 .5 cents.
D) 92 cents.