________ is a condition in which information inflow exceeds an individual’s processing
capacity.
A) Information scarcity
B) Information richness
C) Information architecture
D) Information inequity
E) Information overload
Why is Maslow’s theory criticized?
A) The concept of self-actualization was unfounded.
B) There is little evidence that needs are structured or operate in the way it describes.
C) The esteem need is a more powerful motivator than self-actualization.
D) Its terminology tends to alienate those to whom it is applied.
E) It does not adequately describe how an organization can satisfy higher-order needs.
Thurman Inc., a manufacturing company in Vermont, needs to hire employees for its
new office in the city. The positions require the employees to travel across the country
regularly. The management has specified that they are looking for employees below the
age of 40 who are young and dynamic. Which of the following beliefs is the
management most likely to hold?
A) Younger workers make stronger judgments.
B) Younger workers are more flexible to change.
C) Younger workers have more experience.
D) Younger workers have stronger work ethics.
E) Younger workers are more committed to quality.
Which of the following statements is true regarding job sharing?
A) It expands jobs by increasing the degree to which the worker controls the planning,
execution, and evaluation of the work.
B) It is also called cross-training.
C) It allows two or more individuals to split a traditional 40-hour-a-week job.
D) It involves periodic shifting of an employee from one task to another with similar
skill requirements at the same organizational level.
E) Job sharing is a method of job enrichment.
Rhonda May was transferred to London three months back to oversee the opening of a
new branch of the retail chain she worked for. Rhonda, who had never been to London,
adjusted well with her British colleagues but received quizzical looks from many of her
British colleagues every morning in the initial weeks in London. After asking one of her
subordinates to explain what caused her colleagues to look at her in that strange way,
she discovered the reason. When her British colleagues greeted her by saying, “How are
you today?” every morning, she typically replied by saying “I’m good,” while Britishers
typically say, “I’m well” in response to this greeting. This is because “I’m good” can
have multiple meanings like “I’m not a bad person” or “I’m suitable,” while “I’m well”
only gives a sense of mental and physical well-being. Rhonda then realized how subtly
cultural barriers can operate. From the information provided in the scenario, this is an
example of barriers caused by ________.
A) tone differences
B) semantics and connotations
C) intolerance toward other cultures
D) situational and physical cues
E) power distance
Which of the following statements is true regarding oral communication?
A) It is tangible and verifiable.
B) It can be stored for an indefinite period.
C) The sender can quickly obtain feedback from the receiver.
D) As compared to written communication, it is more likely to be well thought out,
logical, and clear.
E) In the case of oral communication, the possibility of distortion of the message
decreases.
Which of the following is an assertive impression management technique?
A) conformity
B) apologies
C) self-promotion
D) flattery
E) buffing
Groupshift is seen when ________.
A) group members view themselves in better light when compared to members of the
out-group
B) group members tend to exaggerate the initial positions they hold when discussing a
given set of alternatives and arriving at a solution
C) group members notice and emphasize identities that reflect how different they are
from other groups
D) group members tend to prefer and endorse the products, ideas, and aspects of
someone else’s culture over their own
E) group members fail to express alternative opinions and deviant views under the
influence of the norm for consensus
________ bias refers to the tendency for people to base their judgments on information
that is easily accessible.
A) Anchoring
B) Availability
C) Overconfidence
D) Confirmation
E) Hindsight
Johanna Reid, a campaign manager at a child rights organization, recently started
working on an illiteracy project. During the project, she needs to motivate team
members to attain their project milestones and direct them through different phases of
the project. Which of the following kinds of functions will these tasks be covered
under?
A) planning
B) organizing
C) scrutinizing
D) evaluating
E) leading
Mark is an excellent technical writer. He has never missed a deadline and all his
projects are of superior quality. He now wants to telecommute two days a week, so that
he can spend more time with his family. He feels that he has proven his reliability.
However, his boss is unable to comply with his request and gives him a substantial raise
instead. According to the expectancy theory, Mark’s disappointment demonstrates a
breakdown in the ________ relationship.
A) performance-reward
B) effort-performance
C) rewards-personal goals
D) effort-satisfaction
E) performance-achievement
________ diversity refers to diversity in observable attributes such as race, ethnicity,
sex, and age.
A) Psychographic
B) Additive
C) Surface-level
D) Disjunctive
E) Conjunctive
The Pygmalion effect is also called the ________ effect.
A) halo
B) self-concordance
C) Galatea
D) self-determination
E) pseudocertainty
Which of the following power tactics would be considered a hard tactic?
A) rational persuasion
B) inspirational appeals
C) personal appeals
D) coalition
E) consultation
Which of the following statements is true regarding the establishment of the
organizational culture and its effects on the organization?
A) Today’s trend toward decentralized organizations makes it is easier to establish a
strong culture.
B) In a virtual organization, a strong culture can be established quickly and easily.
C) Employees organized in teams always show greater allegiance to the values of the
organization as a whole than to their team and its values.
D) Culture acts as a control mechanism and guides the behavior of employees.
E) Cultures reduce the stability of the social system in an organization.
Judging someone on the basis of one’s perception of the group to which the person
belongs is called ________.
A) confirmation bias
B) stereotyping
C) framing effect
D) self-serving bias
E) bandwagon effect