American laws reflect the desire to prevent unnecessary deprivations of liberty.
a. True
b. False
What is one explanation for high recidivism rate among those offenders released from
incarceration?
a. their increased age makes them more likely to commit crimes
b. their low intelligence makes them more likely to commit crimes
c. a lack of proper nutrition makes them more likely to commit crimes
d. a lack of education and training makes them more likely to commit crimes
Federal guidelines dictate that all states must handle juvenile cases in the same way.
a. True
b. False
One explanation for the increase in the incarceration rate in the 1990s was the increase
in the number of arrests.
a. True
b. False
The right to a trial by jury is guaranteed by the
a. Fourth Amendment
b. Fifth Amendment
c. Sixth Amendment
d. Seventh Amendment
A model of the criminal justice system that emphasizes the adversarial process, the
rights of defendants, and the formal decision-making procedures is called the
a. crime control model
b. due process model
c. constitutional model
d. democratic model
Alan has always wanted to become a law enforcement officer. He has recently applied
to his local sheriff’s department. He holds a bachelor’s degree from his state university
and speaks Spanish as a second language. If hired, he will participate in a 16 week basic
law enforcement course before he goes in the field.
Based upon Alan’s education level, which of the following would not be an area where
we would be more successful than a lesser educated law enforcement officer?
a. report writing
b. less improper use of force
c. higher arrests
d. less citizen complaints
All courts in the United States use a basic three-tiered structure.
a. True
b. False
In __________it ruled that execution of developmentally disabled defendants was
unconstitutional
a. Roper v. Simmons (2005)
b. McCleskey v. Kemp (1987)
c. Gregg v. Georgia (1976)
d. Atkins v. Virginia (2002)
The processes followed by police, prosecutors, and judges as well as the rights
possessed by suspects and defendants are defined by
a. procedural criminal law
b. substantive criminal law
c. constitutional criminal law
d. fundamental criminal law
Which of the following is NOT an element of the model of professional policing?
a. laws should be enforced equally
b. the police force should use new technology
c. the police force should be actively involved in politics
d. personnel procedures should be based on merit
Plea bargaining continued to occur in Tennessee even after it was banned.
a. True
b. False
What layer of the criminal justice wedding cake involves celebrated cases that are
highly unusual with great public attention resulting in a jury trial?
a. top
b. high-middle
c. low-middle
d. bottom
In Nix v. Williams (1984), the Supreme Court agreed that the improperly obtained
evidence can be used when it would later have been inevitably discovered without
improper actions by the police.
a. True
b. False
The police can enforce every law and catch every lawbreaker if they have the resources.
a. True
b. False
The period of history when philosophers and reformers challenged the prison tradition
with new ideas about the individual, limits of government, and rationalism was called
the
a. Enlightenment
b. Renaissance
c. Civil War
d. Reconstruction
Dianne works for the federal governor as a prosecutor. She spends much of her time
prosecuting drug crimes. Dianne was placed into her position approximately 3 years
ago and seems constantly in awe of her duties within the criminal justice system. Diane
works in district 5 in Dallas Texas.
Dianne spends a great deal of her time prosecuting drug crimes. Outside of drug
offenses, which type of crime would Dianne prosecute the most?.
a. murders
b. white-collar
c. sexual assaults
d. robbery
Which of the following is NOT true concerning plea bargaining?
a. plea bargaining leads to expedited disposal of most criminal cases
b. plea bargaining reduces the amount of time that released suspects spend free on bail
c. plea bargaining reduces the amount of time that pretrial detainees must spend in jail
d. offenders who plead guilty to serious charges must wait longer to get in prison
counseling, training, and educational programs
Which of the following is TRUE concerning prison rates in Europe compared to the
United States?
a. Europe and the United States have similar incarceration rates
b. Europe has a higher incarceration rate
c. the United States has a higher incarceration rate
d. Europe and the United States have identical incarceration rates
Tyson has just been adjudicated guilty for cyber stalking in the juvenile justice system
in the state in which he resides. This is his second offense. His first offense was
dismissed. Tyson’s actual crime included sending threatening and lewd comments to a
classmate on facebook. Tyson feels as though his responses were justified comments
that had been directed to him earlier in the year.
Tyson’s delinquent behavior would actually be called ________.
a. cyberbullying
b. cybercrime
c. cyber control
d. cyber incentives
Cesare Lombroso’s medical training led him to believe that certain people are born
criminals.
a. True
b. False
Almost one-half of the incarcerated population is comprised of women.
a. True
b. False
In the United States, the law may be interpreted differently in various states.
a. True
b. False
Which historical era was influenced by the Progressives?
a. The Political Era
b. The Professional Era
c. The Community Policing Era
d. The Reform Era
Law enforcement agencies that serve colleges and universities.
a. Interpol
b. local municipalities
c. native american tribal police
d. special jurisdiction agencies
Police departments have not responded adequately in addressing the issue of stress.
a. True
b. False
Assets gained from forfeiture are often used to increase law enforcement agencies’
budgets.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following are involved in the Miranda warnings?
a. right to an attorney
b. right to remain silent
c. statements made can be used against a suspect
d. all of the above
What was the focus of the Supreme Court case that marked the beginning of the “Kids
are Different” era?
a. legalization of the juvenile law
b. establishment of separate system for juveniles
c. deinstitutionalization of status offenders
d. elimination of the death penalty for juveniles
Twenty percent of incarcerated persons are men
a. True
b. False
Jodi is serving a 5 year sentence for assault with a deadly weapon with intent to kill.
She is incarcerated in the only institution for females in the state. Jodi is feels as though
her constitutional rights have been trampled several times especially when they search
her cell. Jodi feels that the correctional officers do not treat the inmates properly, and
she has had enough. She plans to attempt to file a lawsuit.
Jodi feels that her fourth amendment rights have been violated due to the searches of
her cell. According to ________, Jodi does not have a case.
a. Hudson v. Palmer (1984)
b. Cooper v. Pate (1964)
c. Fulwood v. Clemmer (1962)
d. Gittlemacker v. Prasse (1970)
The majority of convicted offenders serving time in state prisons were indigent
defendants who received publicly provided defense attorneys.
a. True
b. False
The goal of deterrence assumes criminals to be rational.
a. True
b. False