The importance people attach to worldly possessions is called ________.
A) ego products
B) materialism
C) needs
D) wants
Answer:
The actual number of years a person has been alive is their ________ age.
A) perceived
B) chronological
C) confirmed
D) cohort
Answer:
Our brains tend to relate incoming sensations to others already in memory, based on
some fundamental organizational principles. These principles derive from ________, a
school of thought that maintains that people interpret meaning from the totality of a set
of stimuli rather than from any individual stimulus.
A) Freudian psychology
B) Gestalt psychology
C) Simmons psychology
D) the Covey approach
Answer:
________ is when ordinary objects, events, and even people take on sacred meaning.
A) Contamination
B) Objectification
C) Sacralization
D) Profane consumption
Answer:
________ is a system in which we define people by what they do for a living.
A) Status hierarchy
B) Occupational prestige
C) Social prestige
D) Social class
Answer:
Based on motivational research, which of the following consumption motives most
likely explains a person’s motivation to purchase gourmet foods, foreign cars, cigarette
holders, or perfume?
A) Security
B) Eroticism
C) Disalienation
D) Individuality
Answer:
Pavel is an inventor. He read that there were several million people who could not sleep
at night until they looked under the bed. He invented a light that could be put under the
bed and went on automatically when someone looked there. Pavel’s product is designed
to help people perform a ________.
A) ritual
B) symbolic exchange
C) convention
D) rite of passage
Answer:
Classical conditioning takes place when a(n) ________ is continuously matched with
a(n) ________.
A) conditioned stimulus; conditioned response
B) unconditioned response; conditioned stimulus
C) conditioned stimulus; unconditioned stimulus
D) unconditioned stimulus; unconditioned response
Answer:
Source ________ refers to the perceived social value of a message source.
A) valence
B) attractiveness
C) class
D) hierarchy
Answer:
Freelancers and fans film their own commercials for their favorite products and post
them on Web sites. This is referred to as ________.
A) mass customization marketing
B) consumer-generated content
C) performance marketing
D) mobile marketing
Answer:
Despite improvements to the Fishbein model, all of the following are considered
obstacles to predicting behavior using this model EXCEPT which one?
A) The model has relatively weak theorems about attitudes.
B) The model deals with actual behavior, not with the outcomes of behavior.
C) Some behavioral outcomes are beyond the consumer’s control.
D) Measures of attitude often do not correspond to the behavior they are supposed to
predict.
Answer:
Several research methods are used to study reference groups and opinion leadership.
________ methods trace communication patterns among members of a group. These
techniques allow researchers to systematically map out the interactions that take place
among group members.
A) momentum
B) behavioral
C) sociometric
D) geodemographic
Answer:
According to ________, we evaluate the effort we’ll need to make a particular choice
and then we tailor the amount of cognitive “effort” we expend to make that choice.
A) cognitive processing
B) mental processing
C) constructive processing
D) behavioral processing
Answer:
As manufacturing costs decrease and the amount of products that people accumulate
goes up, consumers increasingly want to buy things that will provide ________ value.
A) hedonic
B) Gestalt
C) embedded
D) referent
Answer:
When a product is part of a user’s daily routine the user is said to have a(n) ________
type of relationship with the product.
A) self-concept attachment
B) nostalgic attachment
C) interdependence
D) love
Answer:
If a consumer chooses not to perceive they are reaching ________.
A) just noticeable difference
B) differential threshold
C) sensory threshold
D) absolute threshold
Answer:
The body is adorned or altered in some way in every culture. Decorating the self serves
a number of purposes. Which of the following is NOT one of those purposes?
A) To indicate negative feelings towards oneself
B) To separate group members from nonmembers
C) To place the individual in the social organization
D) To provide a sense of security
Answer:
A(n) ________ is an actual or imaginary individual or group conceived of having
significant relevance upon an individual’s evaluations, aspirations, or behavior.
A) opinion group
B) demographic group
C) reference group
D) focus group
Answer:
When M&M’s put consumers’ names and faces on their candy, this is an example of
________.
A) mass marketing
B) mass consumer needs
C) mass customization
D) mass distribution
Answer:
When a Rolls-Royce, a Cartier diamond, and an Andy Warhol painting are bought and
displayed as markers of social class, they are ________.
A) social inhibitors
B) social parameters
C) status symbols
D) psychological blocks
Answer:
Who identified a set of 20 psychogenic needs?
A) McClelland
B) Murray
C) Maslow
D) Zaichkowsky
Answer:
________ are 8- to 14-year-old children.
A) Gen Y
B) Tweens
C) Millennials
D) Echo Boomers
Answer:
________ are the use of psychological, sociological, and anthropological factors to
determine how the market is segmented by the propensity of groups within the market
(and their reasons) to make a particular decision about a product, person, ideology, or
otherwise hold an attitude or use a medium.
A) Lifestyles
B) Promotional segmentations
C) AIO measures
D) Psychographics
Answer:
Mary Jane is a very conservative businesswoman by day. However, when she decides to
“go out on the town,” she likes to party and “kick up her heels.” This would be an
example of a reaction due to the fact that many consumers ________.
A) have low self-image
B) have multiple selves
C) are not confident with their real selves
D) prefer their ideal selves
Answer:
Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram are examples of ________.
A) local interaction
B) synchronous interaction
C) asynchronous interaction
D) horizontal interaction
Answer:
Felicia knows that drinking water is much better for her skin than drinking soda. Even
though the soda is tempting, her health needs speak louder and she chooses water. This
example illustrates a person choosing to meet utilitarian needs.
Answer:
The popular marketing technique known as ________ marketing applies the principles
of instrumental conditioning by reinforcing regular purchases, with value.
A) rebate
B) discount
C) social marketing
D) frequency
Answer:
________ measures how optimistic or pessimistic people are about the future health of
the economy and how they will fair in the future.
A) Income inequality
B) Credit score
C) Saving rate
D) Consumer confidence
Answer:
Jeff had collected a nice wardrobe before graduating from college. All of his friends
considered him “well dressed.” After the first day at his new job, however, Jeff
immediately went out and replaced most of his clothes with what was considered to be
professional dress clothing. Jeff had just experienced the power of a new ________.
A) reference group
B) information cascade
C) avoidance group
D) brand community
Answer:
Margaret stayed on top of what was happening in the marketplace, but she was not
necessarily the first to purchase items when they first came out. Margaret would be
classified as a(n) ________.
A) opinion leader
B) innovator
C) market maven
D) market analyst
Answer:
________ acknowledges that marketers will be more successful when they
communicate with consumers who have already agreed to listen to them.
A) Authorized marketing
B) Reach marketing
C) Target marketing
D) Permission marketing
Answer:
A cognitive framework we develop through experience is called ________.
A) scripting
B) schema
C) beliefs
D) meaning
Answer: