48) A(n) ________ is an integrated circuit to which two or more processors have been attached
for enhanced performance and reduced power consumption.
A) multicore processor
B) legacy processor
C) scalable processor
D) aggregate circuit
E) green circuit
49) In green computing, reducing computer power consumption is a top priority.
50) Quantum computing is implemented primarily with enterprise or ISP servers.
51) Distinguish between cloud computing, green computing, and quantum computing.
52) An ad-hoc group of oceanographers needs to set up a system to analyze massive amounts of
data on ocean temperatures. The technology and hardware for gathering the data and transmitting
the data to a central computer is in place. What additional hardware might they need? What
techniques might they use to make their research more efficient and lower costs?
53) What are the drawbacks of cloud computing? Do you think these ever outweigh the benefits,
and if so, in what cases?
54) Which type of software is created and updated by a worldwide community of programmers
and available for free?
A) software packages
B) mashups
C) outsourced
D) open source
E) closed source
55) Which of the following is not one of the current software platform trends?
A) Web services and service-oriented architecture
B) open-source software
C) HTML5
D) software outsourcing
E) multicore processors
56) Linux is
A) primarily concerned with the tasks of end users.
B) designed for specific machines and specific microprocessors.
C) an example of open-source software.
D) especially useful for processing numeric data.
E) poorly suited to power fast computers.
57) Which of the following statements about Linux is not true?
A) It plays a major role in the back office running local area networks.
B) It is available in free versions downloadable from the Internet.
C) It has garnered 20 percent of the server operating system market.
D) Linux applications are embedded in cell phones, smartphones, netbooks, and other handheld
devices.
E) Linux works on all the major hardware platforms.
58) Running a Java program on a computer requires
A) a Java Virtual Machine to be installed on that computer.
B) a Java Virtual Machine to be installed on the server hosting the Java applet.
C) a miniature program to be downloaded to the user’s computer.
D) no specialized software, as Java is platform-independent.
E) the Mozilla Firefox browser and no other browsers.
59) A software tool with a graphical user interface for displaying Web pages and for accessing
the Web and other Internet resources is called a Web
A) service.
B) client.
C) browser.
D) app.
E) beacon.
60) Sets of loosely coupled software components that exchange information with each other
using standard Web communication standards and languages are referred to as
A) Web services.
B) EAI software.
C) SOA.
D) SOAP.
E) SaaS.
61) What is the foundation technology for Web services?
A) XML
B) HTML
C) SOAP
D) UDDI
E) SCSI
62) A set of self-contained services that communicate with each other to create a working
software application is called
A) Web services.
B) EAI software.
C) SOA.
D) SOAP.
E) a software package.
63) Prewritten, commercially available sets of software programs that eliminate the need for a
firm to write its own software programs for certain functions, are referred to as
A) software packages.
B) mashups.
C) outsourced software.
D) open-source software.
E) service level agreements.
64) ________ are created by combining and customizing components from different online
software applications.
A) Apps
B) Web browsers
C) SaaS
D) Web services
E) Mashups
65) The practice of contracting custom software development to an outside firm is commonly
referred to as
A) outsourcing.
B) scaling.
C) service-oriented architecture.
D) application integration.
E) utility computing.
66) A formal contract between customers and their service providers that outlines the specific
responsibilities of the service provider and to the customer is called a(n)
A) SOA.
B) SLA.
C) TCO.
D) RFQ.
E) SaaS.
67) SaaS refers to
A) supplying online access over networks to storage devices and storage area network
technology.
B) managing combinations of applications, networks, systems, storage, and security as well as
providing Web site and systems performance monitoring to subscribers over the Internet.
C) self-contained services that communicate with each other to create a working software
application.
D) easy-to-use software tools for displaying Web pages.
E) hosting and managing access to software applications delivered over the Internet to clients on
a subscription basis.
68) ________ provides a standard format for data exchange, enabling Web services to pass data
from one process to another.
A) HTML
B) HTML5
C) Java
D) Chrome OS
E) XML
69) ________ takes place when a firm contracts custom software development or maintenance of
existing legacy programs to outside firms.
A) Cloud computing
B) Utility computing
C) On-demand computing
D) Outsourcing
E) Consumerization of IT
70) The decision to purchase your own IT assets or rent them from external providers is also
referred to as the rent-versus-buy decision.
71) The technology trends exhibited by Portugal Telecom, as discussed in the chapter opening
case, illustrate the shift away from green computing.
72) Java software is designed to run on any computing device, regardless of the specific
microprocessor or operating system it uses.
73) Web services can exchange information between two different systems only if the operating
systems and programming languages upon which the systems are based are identical.
74) Whereas HTML is limited to describing how data should be presented in the form of Web
pages, XML can perform presentation, communication, and data storage tasks.
75) Hypertext markup language specifies how text, graphics, video, and sound are placed on a
Web page document.
76) The collection of Web services that are used to build a firm’s software systems constitutes
what is known as a service-oriented architecture.
77) Today, many business firms continue to operate their legacy systems that meet a business
need and would be costly to replace.
78) Briefly explain why corporations are increasingly interested in using Unix or Linux for their
operating system.
79) Identify and describe five or more of the current trends in contemporary software platforms.
80) Which of the following factors does not help explain why computing resources today are
ever more available than in previous decades?
A) network economics
B) law of mass digital storage
C) Moore’s law
D) declining communications costs and the Internet
E) widespread rejection of technology standards
81) Which of the following refers to the ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to
serve a larger number of users without breaking down?
A) modality
B) scalability
C) expandability
D) disintermediation
E) customizability
82) Hardware and software acquisition costs account for about ________ percent of TCO.
A) 20
B) 40
C) 50
D) 75
E) 90
83) Which model can be used to analyze the direct and indirect costs to help firms determine the
actual cost of specific technology implementations?
A) supply and demand
B) return on investment
C) breakeven point
D) cost-benefit analysis
E) total cost of ownership
84) How would you determine the market demand for your firm’s IT services?
A) Perform a TCO analysis.
B) Benchmark your services.
C) Hold focus groups to assess your services.
D) Analyze sales returns on key investments.
E) Perform a stress test.
85) Which of the following is not one of the main six factors to consider when evaluating how
much your firm should spend on IT infrastructure?
A) your firm’s business strategy
B) the IT investments made by competitor firms
C) market demand for your firm’s services
D) your firm’s organizational culture
E) information technology assessment
86) Scalability refers to the ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a large
number of users without breaking down.
87) TCO refers to the original cost of purchased technology: both hardware and software.
88) What is scalability? Why is it essential to the success of the modern business firm?
89) A small design agency you are consulting for will be creating client Web sites and wants to
purchase a Web server so they can host the sites themselves. How will you advise them on this
purchase?
90) You are starting a market research company with a single business partner and are planning
the hardware and software need for the two of you. Which factors should play into your decision
of how much to spend on these investments?