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Name:
Class:
Date:
Chapter 03—Individual Differences
a.
Intuitive
b.
Sensing
c.
Extroverted
d.
Introverted
e.
Judging
65. _________ value fairness, and decide things impersonally based on objective criteria and logic.
a.
Perceivers
b.
Feelers
c.
Thinkers
d.
Extroverts
e.
Introverts
66. The motto of a/an ___________ is “ready, aim, aim,” whereas the motto of a/an ____________ is “ready, fire, aim.”
a.
thinker, feeler
b.
feeler, thinker
c.
extrovert, introvert
d.
introvert, extrovert
e.
judger, perceiver
67. __________ people like to get things decided quickly while __________ people prefer to stay open to new
information and options.
a.
Thinking, feeling
b.
Feeling, thinking
c.
Perceiving, judging
d.
Judging, perceiving
e.
Intuitive, sensing
68. ___________ people are decisive and like to plan whereas ____________ people are adaptable, spontaneous, and
curious.
a.
Thinking, feeling
b.
Feeling, thinking
c.
Perceiving, judging
d.
Judging, perceiving
e.
Sensing, intuitive
69. How many personality types are there according to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator?
a.
2
b.
4
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Chapter 03—Individual Differences
c.
8
d.
16
e.
32
70. When situational pressures are _______________, we are better able to be ourselves and let our personalities guide
our behaviors.
a.
created by managers
b.
created by the organization
c.
weak
d.
strong
e.
long-lasting
71. Which term refers to the capacity to rapidly and fluidly acquire, process, and apply information?
a.
information processing capacity
b.
general mental ability
c.
verbal ability
d.
analytical ability
e.
emotional intelligence
72. General mental ability involves which of the following?
a.
reasoning
b.
remembering
c.
understanding
d.
problem solving
e.
all of these
73. What term refers to the manner in which individuals process and organize information during learning?
a.
emotional intelligence
b.
general mental ability
c.
verbal ability
d.
analytical ability
e.
information processing capacity
74. General mental ability tests examine which of the following?
a.
verbal reasoning
b.
mathematical reasoning
c.
logic
d.
perceptual ability
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Class:
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Chapter 03—Individual Differences
e.
all of these
75. Which of Gardner’s multiple intelligences refers to self-awareness?
a.
musical
b.
bodily-kinesthetic
c.
intrapersonal
d.
interpersonal
e.
logical
76. Interpersonal intelligence is most important for whom?
a.
philosophers
b.
chefs
c.
inventors
d.
scientists
e.
teachers
77. Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence is most important for whom?
a.
managers
b.
engineers
c.
doctors
d.
authors
e.
firefighters
78. Linguistic intelligence is most important for whom?
a.
doctors
b.
photographers
c.
translators
d.
musicians
e.
scientists
79. Logical-mathematical intelligence is most important for whom?
a.
beauty consultants
b.
sculptors
c.
statisticians
d.
salespeople
e.
radio hosts
80. Spatial-visual intelligence is most important for whom?
Name:
Class:
Date:
Chapter 03—Individual Differences
a.
lawyers
b.
artists
c.
accountants
d.
salespeople
e.
politicians
81. What term refers to an interpersonal capability that includes the ability to perceive and express emotions, to
understand and use them, and to manage emotions in oneself and other people?
a.
emotional intelligence
b.
general mental ability
c.
information processing ability
d.
verbal ability
e.
perceptual ability
82. Which of the following is NOT one of the seven universal emotions?
a.
contempt
b.
disgust
c.
fear
d.
joy
e.
confusion
83. Which of the following is NOT one of the dimensions of emotional intelligence?
a.
empathy
b.
social skills
c.
self-motivation
d.
self-management
e.
self-preservation
84. ______________ provide both positive and potentially negative information to job candidates.
a.
Realistic job previews
b.
Manipulative job previews
c.
Group interviews
d.
Typical job interviews
e.
Propaganda videos
85. What term refers to the fit between an individual’s values, beliefs, attitudes, and personality and the values, norms,
and culture of the organization?
a.
person-group fit
b.
person-vocation fit
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Chapter 03—Individual Differences
c.
person-job fit
d.
person-organization fit
e.
none of these
86. What term refers to the fit between an individual’s abilities, values, and personality and her profession?
a.
person-group fit
b.
person-vocation fit
c.
person-job fit
d.
person-organization fit
e.
none of these
87. What term refers to the fit between an individual and her coworkers and supervisor?
a.
person-group fit
b.
person-vocation fit
c.
person-job fit
d.
person-organization fit
e.
none of these
88. _________ tend to deal with people easily and specialize in action-oriented jobs, such as marketing and sales.
a.
Convergers
b.
Divergers
c.
Accommodators
d.
Assimilators
e.
Investigators
89. _________ tend to focus on the logical soundness and preciseness of ideas, rather than the ideas’ practical values; they
tend to work in research and planning units.
a.
Convergers
b.
Divergers
c.
Accommodators
d.
Assimilators
e.
Investigators
90. _________ are superior in generating alternative hypotheses and ideas, and tend to be imaginative and people- or
feeling-oriented.
a.
Convergers
b.
Divergers
c.
Accommodators
d.
Assimilators
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Chapter 03—Individual Differences
e.
Investigators
91. _________ are superior in technical tasks and problems and inferior in interpersonal learning settings.
a.
Convergers
b.
Divergers
c.
Accommodators
d.
Assimilators
e.
Investigators
92. _________ rely mainly on active experimentation and concrete experience in order to learn, and they focus on risk
taking, opportunity seeking, and action.
a.
Convergers
b.
Divergers
c.
Accommodators
d.
Assimilators
e.
Investigators
93. _________ depend on abstract conceptualization and reflective observation in order to learn.
a.
Convergers
b.
Divergers
c.
Accommodators
d.
Assimilators
e.
Investigators
94. _________ depend on concrete experience and reflective observation in order to learn.
a.
Convergers
b.
Divergers
c.
Accommodators
d.
Assimilators
e.
Investigators
95. _________ depend on abstract conceptualization and active experimentation in order to learn.
a.
Convergers
b.
Divergers
c.
Accommodators
d.
Assimilators
e.
Investigators
Name:
Class:
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Chapter 03—Individual Differences
Multiple Response
96. Research has found that ____ people tend to be higher performers in a variety of jobs. Select ALL of the choices that
would validly complete this sentence.
a.
neurotic
b.
extroverted
c.
open
d.
introverted
e.
conscientious
97. An internal locus of control is positively related to which of the following? Select ALL that apply.
a.
work-related stress
b.
job performance
c.
job commitment
d.
career success
e.
job satisfaction
98. Type As are more prone than Type Bs to which of the following? Select ALL that apply.
a.
stress
b.
coronary heart disease
c.
lower job performance
d.
lower levels of productivity
e.
cancer
99. Which of the following traits are positively related to job satisfaction? Select ALL that apply.
a.
low neuroticism
b.
extroversion
c.
introversion
d.
agreeableness
e.
high neuroticism
100. High Machiavellians exhibit which of the following? Select ALL that apply.
a.
empathy
b.
resistance to social influence
c.
a high interest in ethical questions
d.
orientation to cognitions rather than emotions
e.
bossiness
Completion
Name:
Class:
Date:
Chapter 03—Individual Differences
101. Because Mike is overqualified for his current job, his ____________________ fit is not ideal.
102. ____________________ is the relatively stable set of psychological attributes or traits that distinguish one person
from another.
103. ____________________ is a personality trait that refers to a person's rigidity of beliefs and range of interests.
104. __________________ is the degree to which a person believes that he or she can perform a specific task effectively.
105. ____________________ is a personality trait that refers to a person's belief that he or she is a worthwhile and
deserving individual.
106. The extent to which people are self-aware, can manage their emotions, motivate themselves, and express empathy for
others is called their _______________________.
107. Dick has a(n) ____________________ locus of control because he believes that luck has led to his personal success.
108. Because Don follows the orders of his supervisor without question, he probably has a high level of
____________________.
109. According to research, a plurality of Americans are ___________ learners.
110. ___________ learners learn primarily by doing things themselves.
Matching
Match each scenario with the type of fit it illustrates.
a.
Mario is one of the top salespeople at a BMW
dealership. As a vegan, Mario doesn’t like the fact that
many of the BMW's he sells have leather seats. Still, he
is good at this job and motivated by the opportunity to
sell high quality vehicles.
b.
Google has a strong culture of innovation, which
Leila really likes. She previously worked at
Microsoft, and although her job there was almost
identical, she's much happier now that she's in a less
bureaucratic, more innovative environment that
supports autonomy and smart risk taking.
c.
Hank has always been a social person, and he enjoys
working with people. Pressured by his parents to pick a
"real" major, he got a degree in chemistry and now
spends every day at work alone in a dank lab. Peter is
regretting his decision to go into science as a career
d.
Jyoti is very happy with her work team. Everyone
supports each other and is responsible about meeting
both individual and team goals, making Jyoti enjoy
coming to work even though she actually doesn't
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Chapter 03—Individual Differences
because he has very little social contact.
like many aspects of that job all that much.
111. person-organization fit
112. person-job fit
113. person-vocation fit
114. person-group fit
Match each scenario with the component of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator it exemplifies.
a.
Alf prides himself on his objectivity and on his ability not to let his emotions get in his way when making
decisions.
b.
Amelia is less interested in facts than in the patterns and relationships among them.
c.
Lenny prides himself on his adaptability. He hates making final decisions and, as a result, often misses his
deadlines.
d.
Olga often criticizes others for being "too logical." She believes that logic is a lie people tell themselves to justify
making cold, cruel, or outright immoral decisions. When asked to make hard choices, Olga bases her decisions on
what is best for the people she cares about.
e.
Liang is uncomfortable making an important decision unless he feels that he has all of the facts.
f.
Hosanna is decisive. In a group, she's usually the first person to take stock of the essential information and
formulate a plan.
115. sensing
116. thinking
117. perceiving
118. feeling
119. judging
120. intuition
Essay
121. Define, discuss, and give examples of internal and external locus of control.
Name:
Class:
Date:
Chapter 03—Individual Differences
122. Discuss the concept of emotional intelligence and define the five components. Relate emotional intelligence to work,
using examples.
123. List and discuss the “Big 5” personality traits, describing how each affects people’s work.
124. List the types of intelligence identified by Gardner. Describe careers and learning styles that correspond to each one.
125. Define and discuss realistic job previews. What are they? What are the benefits? Use examples.
