Bauer, Human Resource Management, 1e
SAGE Publishing, 2020
Chapter 15: Employee Safety, Well-Being, and Wellness
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. What are the components that make up employee well-being?
A. safety, health, satisfaction, and engagement
B. education, safety, cyber security, and marital status
C. exercise, nutrition, cyber security, and organizational success
D. safety, health, financial security, and customer privacy
2. The purpose of the ______ is to assure safe and healthy working conditions for
employees by setting and enforcing safety and health standards.
A. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
B. Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation
C. National Labor Relations Board
D. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
3. The ______ is the federal agency that supports research on workplace safety and
health and makes recommendations to employers.
A. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
B. Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation
C. National Labor Relations Board
D. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
4. Crashing a forklift into a wall is an example of a ______, which is a safety and health
outcome that can be measured and analyzed by organizations.
A. near miss
B. workplace accidents
C. workplace injury
D. fatality
5. One of the housekeepers working at the hospital accidentally spilled an entire bottle
of toilet cleaner in the hallway outside of a patient’s room. What is this an example of?
A. workplace injury
B. unsafe behavior
C. workplace accident
D. a near miss
6. While trying to clean up a chemical that was accidentally spilled, an employee got
some of the chemical in her eyes. What is this an example of?
A. workplace injury
B. workplace accident
C. near miss
D. a stressor
7. The most extreme and rare being type of safety and health outcomes that can be
measured and analyzed by organizations are ______.
A. workplace injuries
B. workplace accidents
C. near misses
D. fatalities
8. Allan works on a construction site. He forgot his hard hat and walked into the work
zone. A coworker noticed he was about to be hit in the head by a falling hammer and
yells at him to move. Allan is not hurt. How would you describe this outcome?
A. an antecedent
B. an accident
C. a near miss
D. a safety behavior
9. An employee reports that he nearly slipped and fell when water was left on the floor.
As a human resource professional, you consider this a ______.
A. self-report of a near miss
B. customer complaint
C. workplace accident
D. workplace injury
10. Safety ______ is the extent to which workers follow the safety rules and regulations,
such as wearing personal protective equipment to protect them from the specific
hazards that they are exposed to in their jobs.
A. compliance behavior
B. knowledge
C. motivation
D. participation behavior
11. A laboratory worker wears personal protection equipment and consistently follows
all of the lab’s safety rules. This worker could be described as ______.
A. engaged in workplace intervention
B. a subject matter expert
C. safety compliant
D. controlling their physical environment
12. Because serious accidents and injuries are relatively rare, what is one of the biggest
challenges with measuring and preventing catastrophic safety problems?
A. the safety base problem
B. the high-base rate problem
C. the base-rate problem
D. the low base-rate problem
13. Safety ______ refers to employees’ willingness to support safety among their
coworkers.
A. compliance behavior
B. knowledge
C. motivation
D. participation behavior
14. Bill forgot to wear his hard hat and walked into a construction site work zone. A
coworker reminded him that hard hats are required in the work zone. Bill’s coworker
engaged in a safety ______.
A. compliance behavior
B. reprimand
C. stressor
D. participation behavior
15. Safety ______ or the worker’s value for safety and desire to perform safely on the
job is a key factor that has been shown repeatedly to be important for safe behaviors.
A. knowledge
B. motivation
C. climate
D. control
16. When hiring for a particularly hazardous job, an employer may choose to hire
applicants who are a lower safety risk. One worker characteristic they could consider
that may make the applicant a lower safety risk is ______.
A. conscientiousness
B. risk-taking
C. experience
D. introversion
17. Safety ______ is one of the most significant predictors of safe behavior at work.
A. knowledge
B. officer power
C. motivation
D. climate
18. Which is a key way that management can promote a safety climate?
A. modeling safe behaviors
B. writing strict rules
C. dealing with the physical environment
D. appointing a safety officer
19. Safety ______ is the shared understanding that workers have about the importance
of safety.
A. knowledge
B. motivation
C. climate
D. control
20. Although workers and supervisors play a role in maintaining safety, the ______
obviously plays a role as well illustrating the importance of physical factors
organizations can use do improve safety.
A. safety climate
B. hierarchy of controls
C. safety committee
D. physical environment
21. The ______ demonstrates that the elimination of safety hazards is the most
effective way to increase safety, but that there are also other less effective approaches
that the organization can take.
A. safety climate
B. hierarchy of controls
C. compliance chart
D. enforcement grid
22. Work–life balance issues are an example of ______ that can lead to distractions
and to errors and accidents in the workplace.
A. near misses
B. stressors
C. worker health issues
D. strains
23. Aaron’s inner ear was injured over the weekend when he was setting off fireworks.
He did not say anything and went to work as normal. When a coworker started a loud
machine near Aaron he winced in pain and covered his ears with his hands. In the
process, he dropped his blow torch and started a small fire. Given the scenario, what
describes the cause of this accident?
A. physical environment
B. lack of safety motivation
C. lack of safety knowledge
D. worker health
24. Darius was distracted at work because his wife is in the hospital. He stepped away
from his desk for a few minutes to take a private call on his cell phone and forgot to lock
his laptop. When he returned to his desk, his laptop was gone and he realized instantly
the seriousness of the problem since his computer houses propriety information as well
as employee information. Given the information provided, what did Darius’ distraction
lead to?
A. workplace injury
B. a safety issue
C. a near miss
Bauer, Human Resource Management, 1e
SAGE Publishing, 2020
D. work-to-family conflict
25. Human resource professionals play a central role in analyzing why a safety or health
issue occurred in the workplace. Once they know the cause, what is the next piece of
their responsibility?
A. determine fault
B. develop a safety program
C. pay for damages
D. dismiss responsible people
26. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration requires employers with more
than ______ employees to maintain safety records about recordable events.
A. 15
B. 100
C. 10
D. 50
27. According to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, recordable events
include ______.
A. work-related fatalities, injuries, and illnesses
B. work-related injuries, serious medical conditions, and life events
C. injuries, illness, and life events
Bauer, Human Resource Management, 1e
SAGE Publishing, 2020
D. work-related fatalities, injuries, and near misses
28. Which is a regulation of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration?
A. reporting near misses
B. holding safety training for employees
C. providing wellness programs
D. applying the hierarchy of controls
29. If an employee sees a safety violation in the workplace, who can they call to file a
complaint?
A. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
B. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
C. Society for Human Resource Management
D. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
30. Jane reported to her company about a growing mold issue in the building where she
works. As a result, Jane was suspended from work without pay. To whom can Jane
report the retaliation for assistance?
A. Society for Human Resource Management
B. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
C. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
D. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
Bauer, Human Resource Management, 1e
SAGE Publishing, 2020
31. Jorge’s first language is Spanish. He attended a safety training that was conducted
in English. When Jorge asked to have the training material provided in Spanish, his
company refused. Who can he contact to resolve the situation?
A. Society for Human Resource Management
B. Total Worker Health Commission
C. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
D. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
32. The goal for most ______ approaches is to reduce musculoskeletal disorders such
as muscle strain, back injury, or carpal tunnel syndrome.
A. stressor
B. safety climate
C. ergonomic
D. injury-prevention
33. Workers with ______ in their offices reported poorer sleep (i.e., shorter sleep
duration, poorer sleep quality) and less physical activity.
A. fewer plants
B. less natural light
C. open floor plans
D. windows
Bauer, Human Resource Management, 1e
SAGE Publishing, 2020
34. Research shows that open-office space may lead to ______.
A. greater stress
B. less collaboration
C. poor sleep
D. back problems
35. The idea of ______ is that such work arrangements would lead to greater creativity
and sharing of ideas.
A. open offices
B. cubicles
C. ergonomic design
D. telecommuting
36. Human error, such as falling for a phishing scam, is considered one of the greatest
organizational cybersecurity vulnerabilities and ______ is/are seen as one of the most
useful solutions to this vulnerability.
A. a safety climate
B. employee training
C. safety officers
D. password encryption
37. Changing passwords frequently, limiting access to sensitive data, and multilevel
authentication for access to data are all part of ______.
A. cybersecurity
B. the hierarchy of controls
C. ergonomic design
D. safety knowledge
38. European rules for employee privacy are more focused on ______ than other
countries.
A. customer rights
B. the public rights
C. employer rights
D. worker’s rights
39. A difficult boss is an example of a(n) ______ in the workplace.
A. strain
B. hierarchy
C. stressor
D. conflict
40. Elaine’s boss has been placing a lot of extra demands on her lately and has been
scrutinizing her more. This is causing Elaine stress. When her boss approached her this
morning with a complaint about her work, she snapped and yelled at him. Her reaction
reflects ______.
A. a stressor
B. strain
C. workplace bullying
D. reprimand
41. As a human resource manager, what could you use to identify ways to support
workers and mitigate stress?
A. Job Demands-Resources Model
B. Expectancy Theory
C. Reinforcement Theory
D. Systems Theory
42. ______ stressors include things like workplace hassles, organizational politics, poor
resources, role overload, and constraints.
A. Challenge
B. Hindrance
C. Restrictive
D. Well-being
43. Allison works for a human service organization. The operating budget is very tight
and there is constant stress over resources for clients and having enough supplies for
the staff to do their jobs correctly. Which type of stressor is a lack of resources?
A. work–life
B. challenge
C. hindrance
D. restrictive
44. ______ are factors like role demands and time urgency that are thought to be
positively linked to factors like work engagement.
A. Challenge
B. Hindrance
C. Confrontation
D. Well-being
45. Hector was recently given more job responsibility and finds that his days are busier
than ever before. He loves the new demands on his role and is experiencing a lot of
satisfaction in meeting the new standards and deadlines, even though he is also
experiencing some stress. What type of stressors are role demands and time urgency?
A. work–life
B. challenge
C. hindrance
Bauer, Human Resource Management, 1e
SAGE Publishing, 2020
D. restrictive
46. How many hours per week does an average U.S. employee work per week?
A. 50
B. 40
C. 47
D. 43
47. Salaried workers in the United States are likely to work upward of an average of
______ hr per day.
A. 10
B. 12
C. 8
D. 9
48. ______ occurs when work interferes with nonwork responsibilities.
A. Family-to-work conflict
B. Workplace intervention
C. Work-to-family conflict
D. Work overlap
49. ______ is when nonwork responsibilities interfere with work responsibilities.
A. Family-to-work conflict
B. Family intervention
C. Work-to-family conflict
D. Work overlap
50. Jennifer’s daughter is ill, and she needs to take her to the pediatrician. The only
appointment she is able to get is during work hours. What is this an example of?
A. work-to-family conflict
B. employee wellness
C. family-to-work conflict
D. workplace intervention
51. Mariana’s boss asks her to stay late to work on a report she needs first thing in the
morning. Mariana needs to make arrangements with the babysitter to stay late with her
children. What is this an example of?
A. workplace intervention
B. work-to-family conflict
C. hierarchy of controls
D. family-to-work conflict
52. Which is an example of how an employer might try to assist employees with work–
life balance?
A. overtime pay
B. merit pay
C. teleworking
D. open offices
53. What is one thing a successful organization does to reduce stress for employees?
A. create an open office plan
B. offer frequent appraisals
C. provide extra merit pay
D. determine the source of stress
54. Providing training for a difficult supervisor on ways to provide support for employees
is an example of ______ when it comes to reducing stress for employees.
A. determining the source
B. allowing a recovery experience
C. eliminating the root cause
D. redesigning work
55. When an organization is trying to reduce stress for employees, allowing an
employee to take a short sabbatical is an example of ______.
A. a recovery experience
B. a root cause
C. a training program
D. a redesigned work area
56. When an organization is trying to reduce stress for employees, installing wood floors
for an aging workforce who spends a lot of time on their feet is an example of ______.
A. providing a recovery experience
B. redesigning work areas to fit employee needs
C. supporting the corporate athlete
D. eliminating a root cause
57. An organizational initiative that promotes the health, fitness, and well-being of
workers is a(n)______.
A. workplace interventions
B. employee wellness programs
C. health-care insurance
D. ergonomic design
58. There has been a lack of assessment of the benefits of wellness programs but
______ of U.S. senior executives said in a survey that they considered the programs to
be cost-effective.
A. 40%
B. 50%
C. 70%
D. 95%
59. Approximately what proportion of employers offer employee wellness programs?
A. one third
B. one fourth
C. more than half
D. three fourth
60. Organizations spend about ______ on employee wellness programs each year.
A. $100 million
B. $500 million
C. $2 billion
D. $6 billion
61. Which type of wellness program has the greatest short-term benefit related to
saving money on health-care costs?
A. lifestyle management
B. disease management
C. nutrition management
D. weight management
62. Which type of wellness program is thought to have greatest long-term benefit
related to saving money on health-care costs?
A. lifestyle management
B. disease management
C. nutrition education
D. psychological management
63. What is the key to a successful health incentive program?
A. coercion
B. dollar amount
C. healthy employees
D. engagement
64. A company paying for employees’ student loans is an example of ______.
A. a bonus program
B. a financial health program
C. an employee assistance program
D. an emotional well-being program
65. What type of program has the goal of identifying personal problems affecting an
employee’s work?
A. on-site medical programs
B. employee assistance programs
C. family-to-work programs
D. workplace interventions
66. A needs assessment at the ABC Company revealed that a key goal of the
organization is to be seen as a healthy place to work. In this case, the company’s
wellness program will likely focus on ______.
A. disease management
B. onsite healthcare
C. nutrition and exercise
D. mindfulness training
HRM
67. A needs assessment at the ABC Company revealed that medical claims are seen
as a particular financial drain. In this case, the company’s wellness program will likely
focus on ______.
A. fitness
B. parental leave policies
C. disease management
D. nutrition and exercise
68. Provide on-site childcare or on-site health-care services helps organizations with the
______ aspect of best practices for wellness programs.
A. needs assessment
B. top management support
C. clear communication
D. ease of use
69. The STAR method for supporting work–life balance stands for ______.
A. Starting Point, Tipping Point, Action Point, Result Point
B. Situation, Task, Action, Result
C. Support, Transform, Achieve, Results
D. Support, Test, Action, Result
70. Spencer, a human resource manager, observes supervisors throughout the
company having conversations with their teams about safety and provides feedback
about the quality of the discussions. Spencer is working to improve safety through
______.
A. organizational wide communication
B. improved leadership
C. improved human resources
D. direct communication with frontline employees
71. ______ program is integrated safety, well-being, and wellness program.
A. A Total Worker Health™
B. Anti-bullying
C. Wellness
D. Workplace intervention
True/False
1. High employee stress can lead to turnover.
2. Training managers to be more supportive of employees increases work–life balance
and can also improve sleep.
3. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration provides training and outreach to
employers only.
4. It is easy for organizations to know which data to collect to prevent serious and fatal
injuries.
5. One way safety compliance and safety participation can be measured is through
coworker observations and ratings.
6. Research has shown that the role of management is inconsequential to promoting a
safety climate in the workplace.
7. Aggression on the job can affect job attitudes, behavior, and health. It is a serious
hindrance to effective workplace functioning.
8. Human error is a serious vulnerability for a company when it comes to cybersecurity.
9. Workers who have a higher degree of control over their work have a lower risk for
death.
10. An example of a strain is a difficult boss.
11. Depression is an example of a stressor.
12. Employee wellness programs are becoming more popular as a way to promote
health, fitness, and well-being of workers.
13. One reason that employees may not participate in a wellness program is concern
that their personal information may not be kept confidential.
14. Sedentary jobs create risk for obesity and diabetes that can be addressed through
specific occupation interventions aimed at helping employees to monitor their own
behavior.
15. Workplace accidents and injuries can be caused by employee health issues such as
sleep apnea.
Essay
1. Define employee well-being and analyze the function of employee well-being in the
workplace?
2. Examine at least five to six ways that a company can promote a safe workplace for
remote workers.
3. As a human resource professional, how would you go about ensuring that the
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requirements for your company
are followed?
4. Identify two to three of the leading stressors workers experience on the job and
discuss how a company can reduce stress for employees.
5. Analyze three to four different wellness programs that a company might offer based
on the needs of their employees.
