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The concept of ________ considers how strongly people's reasons for pursuing goals
are consistent with their interests and core values.
A) self-serving bias
B) self-fulfilling prophecy
C) self-concordance
D) self-actualization
E) self-efficacy
Work should be performed by an individual if ________.
A) the work is complex and requires different perspectives
B) the work creates a common purpose or set of goals for the people in the group that is
more than the aggregate of individual goals
C) the work is simple and does not require diverse input
D) several tasks that are interdependent are to be performed for completing the work
E) performing the work requires learning a new technology or understanding a new
system
Angela Wells recently applied for a job at Spiga, a lounge in Paris. Having worked in
several restaurants and lounges in and across France, she was confident that she would
get the job. However, soon after the interview, she was informed that another candidate
was offered the job, even though the other candidate had limited experience in
comparison to her. Angela feels that she was discriminated against. Which of the
following, if true, would best justify Angela's assumption?
A) The woman who was selected over her could speak French fluently.
B) Angela is a single mother with two young children.
C) Angela does not have a degree in hospitality management.
D) The lounge caters to elite business clientele in Paris.
E) Angela learned of the position through a friend working at the lounge.
Cooper Mills is a company that accomplished one of the greatest success stories of our
time. The company, which began in the garage of its current CEO, Kyle Cooper, went
on to become one of the largest producers of textiles in the country. The company has
now diversified successfully into other product lines. A group of researchers is now
undertaking a study on Cooper Mills as an organization led by a transformational
leader. Which of the following, if true, would most support the conclusion that Kyle
Cooper is a transformational leader?
A) The management follows Kyle's principle of avoiding risks and conducting business
conservatively.
B) Cooper Mills' goals tend to be very ambitious and to hold personal value for
employees.
C) Cooper Mills has a centralized decision-making structure.
D) Cooper Mills' performance has held at average levels for the past three years.
E) Cooper Mills' compensation plans are designed to reward short-term results.
Employees exhibiting which of the following features are more likely to engage in
political behavior?
A) lack of organizational investment
B) external locus of control
C) low need for power
D) Machiavellian personality
E) low self-monitoring
Which of the following is a recommendation to effectively manage e-mail?
A) check e-mail every morning
B) do not declare e-mail bankruptcy
C) check e-mails in batches
D) reserve e-mail for communicating negative messages
E) merge the use of the company and personal e-mail accounts
Samantha is never late for work, but last Monday she arrived an hour late because of
heavy traffic. According to the attribution theory, Samantha's behavior on that day
scores ________.
A) high on reliability
B) low on distinctiveness
C) high on traceability
D) low on consistency
E) high on stability
When individuals observe another person's behavior, they attempt to determine whether
it is internally or externally caused. Which of the following attempts to explain this
phenomenon?
A) Pygmalion effect
B) emotional dissonance
C) attribution theory
D) two-factor theory
E) framing effect
Which of the following is not an example of moral emotions?
A) sympathy for the suffering of others
B) contempt for those who behave ethically
C) guilt about our own immoral behavior
D) anger about injustice done to others
E) disgust at violations of moral norms
Help Aid, a non-profit organization in Indonesia, works at providing education in
underdeveloped countries. They are now looking to hire a teacher who can educate
children in Namibia and prepare them for jobs which will enable them to sustain
themselves. According to Holland's personality-job fit theory, people belonging to
which of the following personality types will best suit Help Aid's requirement?
A) conventional
B) realistic
C) enterprising
D) artistic
E) social
Which of the following is an instrumental value according to the Rokeach Value
Survey?
A) economic success
B) social recognition
C) personal discipline
D) world peace
E) meaning in life
Which of the following terms refers to the practice of hiding inner feelings and
foregoing emotional expressions in response to display rules?
A) surface acting
B) anchoring bias
C) active camouflage
D) bandwagon effect
E) framing effect
Fiedler defines the degree of confidence, trust, and respect that subordinates have in
their leader as ________.
A) leader-member relations
B) task structure
C) positional power
D) follower variables
E) path-goal frameworks
If a person responds to a particular situation in the same way over a long time period,
then the attribution theory states that the behavior demonstrates ________.
A) distinctiveness
B) consensus
C) consistency
D) discontinuity
E) traceability
You are involved in training and development for your division at Dunder Mifflin Inc.
You want to target some specific organizational problems through training.
Your organization has reduced layers, flattening the organization. Your employees now
need to perform a wider variety of tasks. As a result, you need to provide employees
with training to help develop their ________ skills.
A) basic literacy
B) technical
C) interpersonal
D) problem solving
E) communication
In terms of the full range of leadership models, which leadership behavior represents
the most active and effective approach for leaders?
A) contingent reward
B) idealized influence
C) management by exception (active)
D) individualized consideration
E) laissez-faire
Which of the following situational dimensions identified by Fiedler relates to the degree
to which job assignments are procedurized, that is, structured or unstructured?
A) task reflexivity
B) task significance
C) task structure
D) task complexity
E) task orientation
Which of the following is true with regard to bases of power?
A) Coercive power involves an identification with and imitation of the person in power.
B) Legitimate power is used by companies when they hire celebrities to promote their
products.
C) Expert and referent power are the two major types of formal power.
D) The personal sources of power are most effective for increasing employee
performance and satisfaction.
E) Reward power is the most common and broad type of power seen in operation in
organizations.
The adviser role in a team is responsible for ________.
A) providing structure
B) fighting external battles
C) offering insightful analysis of options
D) coordinating and integrating group tasks
E) encouraging the search for more information
Which of the following theoretical approaches in the study of leadership focuses on
followers' readiness as a determinant of effective leadership?
A) Big Five personality model
B) behavioral theories
C) Fiedler contingency model
D) laissez-faire leadership
E) situational leadership theory
