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Police are responsible for adjudication.
a. True
b. False
The Department of ____________ was formed after the events of September 11, 2001.
a. International Affairs
b. Terrorism
c. FBI
d. Homeland Security
Truancy is an example of a status offense.
a. True
b. False
According to the lifestyle exposure model, which groups are least likely to be
victimized because of where they live and how they spend their leisure time?
a. Elderly white males and elderly white females
b. Elderly white males and young black females
c. Elderly black females and elderly white females
d. Young black males and elderly black females
e. Young white males and elderly white females
Discretion is not a characteristic of the criminal justice system.
a. True
b. False
David has worked for his municipal police department for 10 years. He has seen his fair
share of homicide and rape victims. He remembers a the time when he used to be
excited to hear the next call for service. Currently, he dreads to hear the radio calls for
assistance. David tries to remember that he is keeping his community safe by
performing his job. He also remembers that he has a family of his own he wants to keep
safe as well.
David also suffers from the stress of a constantly rotating schedule, which forces him to
work at nights, on weekends, and on holidays. What type of stress does David suffer
from in regard to his schedule and the time with his family?
a. External
b. Organizational
c. Personal
d. Operational
Which is true concerning the criminal justice system and the U.S. Constitution?
a. The U.S. Constitution does not discuss the criminal justice system specifically.
b. The U.S. Constitution dictates how state agencies should be run.
c. The U.S. Constitution created the state police agencies.
d. The U.S. Constitution created the federal law enforcement agencies.
According to John DiIulio, what three elements are characteristic of the quality of
prisoners' lives in a good prison?
a. Discipline, punishment, and silence
b. Fun, peace, and entertainment
c. Order, amenities, and services
d. Entertainment, democracy, and free movement
While the three men are working together to come to a plea agreement, all are trying to
negotiate to receive the best outcome for their side, which is known as a(n)
a. compromise.
b. peremptatory challenge.
c. exchange.
d. settlement.
Police rules and regulations are typically found in a police manual.
a. True
b. False
Which actor/entity typically determines discretionary release of state prisoners?
a. State prison release commissioner
b. Parole board
c. State supreme court
d. Prison warden
In a pat-down by an officer, items that are identifiable by touch cannot be seized as
evidence.
a. True
b. False
Miranda has been a parole officer for over 12 years. When she first started working
with inmates, she saw herself as a caretaker. She worked many hours in facilitating
relationships with her clients in order for them to become functioning members of
society. In the last couple of years, Miranda has noticed herself becoming more
authoritarian. She still wants to help her clients, but seems to spend more of her time
restricting their freedom.
When Miranda is restricting freedoms or trying to revoke parole, she is working as a
a. social worker.
b. cop.
c. teacher.
d. preacher.
Smoking cigarettes is a status offense for a 13-year-oldjuvenile.
a. True
b. False
What is one explanation for the high recidivism rate among those offenders released
from incarceration?
a. Their increased age makes them more likely to commit crimes.
b. Their low intelligence makes them more likely to commit crimes.
c. A biological propensityto commit crimes.
d. A lack of education and training makes them more likely to commit crimes.
The court appearance of an accused person at which the charges are read is called a(n)
a. probable cause hearing.
b. arraignment.
c. grand jury hearing.
d. reasonable doubt appearance.
Probation is defined as
a. home confinement.
b. electronic monitoring.
c. a short jail sentence.
d. supervised release under specified conditions.
Court decisions have established that police dogs that sniff luggage in public places are
not conducting searches and therefore are not subject to the requirements of the Fourth
Amendment.
a. True
b. False
Miranda warnings involve all of the following except:
a. the right to an attorney.
b. the right to remain silent.
c. the exclusion of statements made that can be used against a suspect.
d. the right to sound legal advice.
Judge Boylen has just sentenced a young adult female after she entered a plea of guilty
for the charge of reckless endangerment. She is a first-time offender who is a college
student and works part time. Judge Boylen gave the offender a sentence that fit the
crime. The offender will be forced to make monetary payment to the court and spend
ample time in the community.
Judge Boylen also ordered a portion of female offender's savings account be seized
because of the likelihood that it came from the sale of illegal drugs, which is an
example of
a. a fine.
b. asset displacement.
c. repayment.
d. forfeiture.
Jenna works for the Innocence Project. She is currently working on a case where her
client states that she was wrongly convicted. Jenna has been reviewing the court
transcripts and has determined that the prosecutor seems to have withheld information
that was pertinent to the case. Jenna's client was given a 20-year sentence for murder.
She has reduced that sentence by participating in programs and through her positive
behavior while incarcerated.
Jenna's client has earned a sentence reduction based upon her participation in various
programs. This reduction is called
a. good time.
b. earned time.
c. face time.
d. rehabilitation.
Wesley is serving a 10-month sentence for driving while impaired. This was Wesley's
second conviction. He has never served time before and is overwhelmed with his
experience so far. He is serving his time with all walks of life and most inmates say
they are not guilty. Wesley cannot believe he is serving time and the manager is
someone he supported and actually voted for. Wesley knows that the next 10 months
cannot go fast enough.
Wesley is upset that he is managed by someone he voted for. He is referring to the
a. warden.
b. sheriff.
c. chief.
d. secretary.
From 1995 to 2012, the number of Americans under community supervision grew from
3.7 million to
a. 3.8 million.
b. 4.8 million.
c. 8.8 million.
d. 12.8 million.
Slate recently received evidence, from discovery,regarding his client who is awaiting
trial for armed robbery and attempted murder. There are two eye witness accounts, both
of which identify Slate's client. There is also the weapon used in the crime and gunshot
shells. Slates is convinced his client is going to have a long trial ahead of him.
Slate states that eyewitness testimony exists stating that his client committed the crime.
What type of evidence would this be considered?
a. Real evidence
b. Demonstrative evidence
c. Direct evidence
d. Circumstantial evidence
The prosecution will use the pretrial time period to introduce motions for lack of
evidence or violation of rights.
a. True
b. False
The Fourth Amendment contains the unreasonable search and seizure clause.
a. True
b. False
Of all cases in which convictions are reversed, about what percentage results in a new
trial ordered?
a. 2
b. 6
c. 10
d. 15
___________ is designed to remove politics from the selection of judges and to allow
the voters to unseat judges.
a. Partisan election
b. Merit selection
c. Nonpartisan election
d. Community endorsement
_______ refers to priorities and actions developed by the government to use public
resources as a means to deal with issues affecting society.
a. Public policy
b. Justice
c. Evidence-based practice
d. Behavior
From 1995 to 2012 the number of Americans under community supervision grew from
3.7 million to 4.8 million.
a. True
b. False
The set of rules and values that develop within the prison social system and guide
prisoners' behavior is called
a. jailing.
b. the inmate code.
c. gleaning.
d. machismo.
_____ relationships among courtroom actors can facilitate plea bargains and shape the
content of prosecutors' sentencing recommendations.
a. Working
b. Exchange
c. Court
d. Involved
____________________ crimes are committed for ideological purposes.
The _________ model emphasizes maintaining the offender's ties to family and
community as a method of reform.
The U.S. Supreme Court declared that the death penalty was not implemented in a
racially discriminatory manner in the case of ______.
Compare and contrast positivist criminology and classical criminology.
What impact do budget cuts have for both prosecutors' and public defenders? How does
this affect your view of how justice is served?
An institution intended to punish criminals by isolating them from society is called a(n)
______.
Probation is the most utilized form of punishment in the United States. Is probation the
most effective use of punishment for the law-abiding citizen regarding protection and
cost effectiveness?
Discuss two political values or social conditions that are currently shaping American
policing.
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of community corrections programs. How
are these programs viewed by the public?
__________ criminology maintains that crimes result from rational choices.
The _________________________ measures crime using interviews with victims.
People on ____ under community supervision now make up 57% of the correctional
population, yet budgets and staffing have not risen accordingly.
What is one criticism of the bail system in the United States? Suggest a
recommendation for fixing this.
Though the Constitution gives specific powers to the federal government, the vast
majority of laws are written by____ legislatures.
The ____________________ system involves an active judge.
Explain the elements ofinadequate counsel. Who determines what makes an attorney
competent?
_____________________ was passed after the attacks on September 11, 2001, and it
increased governmental power to search and surveil those suspected of committing
terrorism.
______ is a model of corrections based on the goal of reintegrating the offender into the
community.
