The pursuit of justice through punishment imposed on a person as “payback” for
harming society by violating criminal laws is called
a. incapacitation.
b. special deterrence.
c. rehabilitation.
d. retribution.
Jails are predominately filled with women.
a. True
b. False
In order to be successful, community corrections programs must be given adequate
resources.
a. True
b. False
Prisoners serve shorter sentences in the United States in comparison to other Western
nations.
a. True
b. False
Grant has recently been released from a state prison after the successful of his sentence
for drug crimes. He has made a promise to himself that he will not go back to prison
and will try to do everything he can to reintegrate back into the community. Grant
would really like to vote in the upcoming election; however, he has been informed that
it will not be possible, at least for this election. Grant also has had a difficult time
finding employment. It seems that most employers just do not want to take a chance on
someone with a record.
Grant’s release mechanism would be considered _______ release.
a. expiration
b. mandatory
c. probationary
d. discretionary
When an inmate is released after he or she has served time equal to the total sentence
minus good time, this is called _____ release.
a. mandatory
b. discretionary
c. unconditional
d. community
The tangible costs of crime are large.
a. True
b. False
Tyson has just been adjudicated guilty for cyber stalking in the juvenile justice system
in the state in which he resides. This is his second offense. His first offense was
dismissed. Tyson’s actual crime included sending threatening and lewd comments to a
classmate on Facebook. Tyson feels as though his responses were justified based
oncomments that had been directed to him earlier in the year.
Tyson is not alone in his actions, but instead heis among the _______ of juveniles who
use their computers to bully others.
a. 10%
b. 20%
c. 25%
d. 30%
Whichis not a mechanism used to control the police?
a. Internal affairs investigators
b. Personal resolutions
c. Standards and accreditation
d. Civil liability lawsuits
One problem for probation officers is their heavy caseload.
a. True
b. False
If the offense is punishable by life imprisonment or death then bail will be denied.
a. True
b. False
Which stage of life is the most significant in Sigmund Freud’s theory of personality?
a. Fetal development
b. Early childhood
c. Early adulthood
d. Middle age
The Bill of Rights has always protected the individuals’ rights at the state level.
a. True
b. False
Discretionary release is sometimes criticized for following judicial recommendations
too closely.
a. True
b. False
Judge Boylen has just sentenced a young adult female after she entered a plea of guilty
for the charge of reckless endangerment. She is a first-time offender who is a college
student and works part time. Judge Boylen gave the offender a sentence that fit the
crime. The offender will be forced to make monetary payment to the court and spend
ample time in the community.
Judge Boylen required that the female offender pay money into the court system as a
type of punishment, which is referred to as
a. bond.
b. bail.
c. forfeiture.
d. a fine.
Which of the following occurs when officers use tools, keys, or other devices to force
entry and steal property?
a. Premeditated theft
b. Mooching
c. Chiseling
d. Extortion
Sean works with the U.S. government in combating terrorism. His sole objective is to
prevent another September 11 catastrophe from happening on the U.S. soil. He works
with various state and federal agencies not only in trying to protect Americans from the
threat of terrorism, but also in trying to safeguard protected constitutional rights from
unneeded intrusions. Sean works to fight both domestic and international terrorism.
Which of the following governmental agencies does Sean most likely work for?
a. Department of Homeland Security
b. Department of Health and Human Services
c. Department of Terroristic Affairs
d. Department of Commerce
Prosecutors are considered to have the central role in the justice process because they
a. issue verdicts that determine defendants’ guilt.
b. have exchange relations with many other actors.
c. issue indictments to initiate charges.
d. hire and supervise police chiefs and sheriffs.
The due process model is viewed as the “obstacle course model.”
a. True
b. False
Prisoners’ right to due process requires that they
a. be allowed to conduct religious services.
b. be given food and medical care.
c. have access to television and recreation.
d. have hearings when charged with serious disciplinary infractions.
U.S. district courts exist
a. in only the 10 largest states.
b. to handle all criminal cases that arise in the country.
c. to share appellate responsibilities with state supreme courts.
d. to handle trial-level federal cases.
In the case of United States v. Salerno and Cafero (1987), the Supreme Court decided
that the use of preventive detention
a. is constitutional.
b. violates offenders’ constitutional rights.
c. is detrimental to offenders at trial.
d. is racially biased.
According to Cole and Smith, which of the following is not a goal of the criminal
justice system?
a. Doing justice
b. Controlling crime
c. Preventing crime
d. Pushing crime offshore
Which layer of the criminal justice “wedding cake” reflects the priorities of how the
criminal justice system deals with felonies of “lesser concern”?
a. 4
b. 3
c. 2
d. 1
In England, when groups of families agreed to uphold the law, keep order, and bring
violators to a court, this was called the
a. service.
b. frankpledge.
c. League of Bobbies.
d. commissioners pledge.
Which of the following is an example of a proactive strategy to combat crime?
a. Responding to citizen calls for service
b. Using a stakeout in victimless crimes
c. Responding to citizens who approach an officer
d. Responding to a crime after the perpetrator has fled
Eric has just been sentenced to a short term to be served within the community. He
knows his crime was a mistake and considers this experience to be the first and the last
time he will be involved with the criminal justice system. He plans to do everything that
he is required to do and make this time go by as easily as possible.
Eric’s sentence best exemplifies which goal of punishment?
a. Retribution
b. Deterrence
c. Incapacitation
d. Rehabilitation
About ______ felony cases actually goes to trial.
a. 1 in 3
b. 1 in 4
c. 1 in 10
d. 1 in 20
Approximately 10% of juveniles are placed on probation and released to the custody of
a parent or guardian.
a. True
b. False
Trial sufficiency is the policy of the prosecutor’s office that encourages speedy and
early disposition of cases in response to caseload pressures.
a. True
b. False