CHAPTER 7: TRAINING AND BEYOND
TRUE/FALSE
1. Visuals help bridge the gap between the rate of speaking and listening.
a. True
b. False
2. The Supreme Court’s ruling in Board of County Commissioners v. Brown set the standard for liability
in failing to train even a single officer.
a. True
b. False
3. Like training, evaluation should be continuous.
a. True
b. False
4. We generally retain more of what we read than what we say and do.
a. True
b. False
5. Unlike children, adults do not require regular feedback.
a. True
b. False
6. There is no one best way to instruct.
a. True
b. False
7. In role playing, the actors learn from doing and from class criticism.
a. True
b. False
8. Adults learn better in a casual, relaxed atmosphere.
a. True
b. False
9. The two most common models used in entry-level law enforcement training academies are the
academic model and the paramilitary model.
a. True
b. False
10. Appropriate visuals help reduce barriers of time, space and language.
a. True
b. False
11. Distance learning and training has only been around since the early 1990s.
a. True
b. False
12. Only 35 states currently have POST commissions.
a. True
b. False
13. Compared with police recruits of the past, fewer current recruits have military backgrounds and more
have college educations.
a. True
b. False
14. The most common and frequent training in law enforcement agencies is on-the-job training.
a. True
b. False
15. Research and common sense suggest that adult learners learn differently from children.
a. True
b. False
16. Safety guidelines do not need to mandate that instructors have the proper credentials, only relative
experience.
a. True
b. False
17. As a trainer, it is reasonable to expect that when you assign or present something, it is automatically
learned.
a. True
b. False
18. A primary disadvantage of lecture is that it does not allow for learner participation.
a. True
b. False
19. Not all law enforcement officers make good FTOs; therefore, all FTOs should be carefully selected
and then thoroughly trained before instructing others.
a. True
b. False
20. Academic learning objectives within police training include criminal investigation, learning to testify
and aspects of the patrol function.
a. True
b. False
21. Having a mentoring program can be of value in recruiting and retention as well as personnel leadership
development.
a. True
b. False
MULTIPLE CHOICE
22. City of Canton, Ohio v. Harris is considered the landmark case in __________.
a.
assessment center constitutionality issues
b.
failure-to-train suits
c.
wrongful termination litigation
d.
denial-of-benefits lawsuits
23. ____________ learners learn best through demonstration.
a.
Auditory
b.
Kinesthetic
c.
Blind
d.
Visual
24. Training is very important because __________.
a.
officers react like they train
b.
risks are always changing
c.
failure to train can lead to lawsuits
d.
all of these
25. A training philosophy statement should include __________.
a.
training resources
b.
training purpose
c.
training expectations
d.
all of these
26. A police manager’s most important objective should be __________.
a.
police budget preparation
b.
training philosophy development
c.
human resource development
d.
police skill development
27. The learner’s age, sex, maturation, innate ability and level of motivation are considered ____________
variables.
a.
individual
b.
task/information
c.
environmental/instructional
d.
preparational
28. Normally, the most cost-effective type of training is __________.
a.
group training
b.
training partners together
c.
individual training
d.
all of these options are equally cost effective
29. The traditional method of police instruction is __________.
a.
lecture
b.
discussion sessions
c.
questions and answer sessions
d.
demonstrations
30. All are documents involved in the department training process except __________.
a.
lesson plans
b.
exams
c.
test scores
d.
all are documents
31. The key to determining the content to teach and test is __________.
a.
the manager’s learning preference
b.
the officer trainee’s learning preference
c.
market analysis
d.
job analysis
32. When training course content relates directly to the tasks to be performed on the job, the content is
considered __________.
a.
factual
b.
proactive
c.
valid
d.
retroactive
33. The role of law enforcement managers in training depends on __________.
a.
the size of the agency
b.
the agency’s budget
c.
the level of the officer(s) to be trained
d.
the level of the manager
34. ____________ learners learn best by taking a hands-on approach.
a.
Auditory
b.
Kinesthetic
c.
Quadraplegic
d.
Visual
35. Which of the following is not a training pitfall?
a.
showing more than telling
b.
not setting expectations
c.
expecting everyone to learn at the same pace
d.
creating stress, often through competition
36. Variables that relate to what is to be learned are called _____________ variables.
a.
individual
b.
task/information
c.
environmental/instructional
d.
preparational
37. The law of recency states that things learned last are usually__________.
a.
learned worst
b.
learned best
c.
remembered best
d.
forgotten first
38. Failure to train liability covers __________.
a.
managers
b.
front-line officers
c.
supervisors
d.
all members of a department
39. All are types of students a trainer may encounter as described in your text except __________.
a.
the veteran (been there/done that)
b.
the prisoner (only in the class because they have to)
c.
the saboteur (knows more than the trainer)
d.
the analyst (questions everything)
40. LETN is __________.
a.
a management philosophy
b.
a training scholarship program for criminal justice professionals
c.
a private satellite television system providing police training programs
d.
an early-warning system for identifying incidents likely to lead to litigation
41. Adults differ from children in learning because they__________.
a.
have a fear of failure
b.
learn differently than children
c.
are harder to teach
d.
are more competitive
42. Knowledge is most often associated with __________.
a.
report writing
b.
understanding facts, ideas and information
c.
motor skills
d.
skill learning
43. Factors such as physical setting, incentives and knowledge of results are called _________ variables.
a.
individual
b.
task/information
c.
environmental/instructional
d.
preparational
44. Officers must practice techniques, and they must __________.
a.
master the technique
b.
be experts at the technique
c.
practice the technique correctly
d.
be able to effectively train others on the technique
45. ____________ learners learn best through lecture.
a.
Auditory
b.
Kinesthetic
c.
Hearing-impaired
d.
Visual
46. The most commonly used training material is __________.
a.
computer programs
b.
video cassettes
c.
printed subject matter
d.
CCTV
47. Which of the following statements is true of printed instructional materials?
a.
They tend to be personal.
b.
They are flexible and inexpensive.
c.
They tend not to be uniform.
d.
none of these
48. The main difference between the old and new paradigms of learning is that __________.
a.
students must be able to master the tasks
b.
new paradigms are based on learning outcomes
c.
teaching is provided through the use of technology
d.
simulation is more effective than classroom activities
49. All are qualities of an effective trainer except __________.
a.
committed to teaching/training
b.
knowledgeable
c.
always humorous
d.
ensures training is goal oriented
50. This type of training approach blends the best teaching approaches to meet students’ needs
__________.
a.
student centered
b.
eclectic
c.
kinesthetic
d.
mixed method
51. Training given during roll call is economical because __________.
a.
everyone has to be there
b.
training in shorter bursts is more effective than in long bursts
c.
training is done in an informal, relaxed environment
d.
officers become accustomed to the training and begin to prepare for it
52. The law of primacy states that things learned first are usually __________.
a.
learned worst
b.
learned best
c.
remembered best
d.
forgotten first
53. The most realistic training is __________.
a.
on-the-job training
b.
scenario training
c.
reality-based training
d.
situational training
54. Which of the following is a common training pitfall?
a.
not setting expectations or setting them too high
b.
fearing subordinates’ progress and success
c.
expecting everyone to learn at the same pace
d.
all of these
55. Lectures are well suited to __________.
a.
conveying large amounts of information
b.
allowing learner participation
c.
providing the trainer with feedback on how thoroughly the learners are acquiring the
lecture information
d.
all of these
56. Which of the following is not listed as one of the variables that affects learning?
a.
information variables
b.
individual variables
c.
training variables
d.
instructional variables
57. The best way to handle risk management and prevent lawsuits is through __________.
a.
effective training standards
b.
strict policies and procedures
c.
background checks during the hiring process
d.
a good legal team
COMPLETION
58. __________ is the short period before each shift when officers check in and receive their briefing
before going on duty and can be a popular, economical time to provide training.
59. NAFTO stands for the _______________________________________________.
60. FLETC stands for the ________________________________________________.
61. ___________________ are detailed analysis of specific incidents used to instruct.
62. The National Police Academy in Quantico, Virginia, is run by the _____________.
63. POST stands for______________________________________________________.
64. Memorization, also known as ___________ learning, is a learning method of only limited
effectiveness when applied to complex concepts.
65. __________________may take the form of college classes, seminars, conferences, workshops,
independent study and distance learning.
66. Officers’ training should be ___________.
67. Most police trainers believe that lessons must have ____________, that is, they must have a direct
relationship to tasks performed on the job.
MATCHING
Match each statement to the item listed below
a.
andragogy
e.
prerequisite
b.
education
f.
rote learning
c.
interval reinforcement
g.
synchronous learning
d.
lecture
68. the necessary background needed to master a concept or skill
69. academic instruction that deals with knowledge and understanding
70. direct oral presentation
71. principles of adult learning
72. presenting information several times, with breaks between the repetition
73. simple memorization
74. real-time, instructor-led online learning in which all participants are logged on at the same time and
communicate directly with each other
ESSAY
75. List and discuss the variables that affect learning.
76. Illustrate the retention curve and how the level and nature of learner participation affects the
percentage of information retained over time.
77. Discuss the benefits of effective training. Be sure to identify how these benefits are similar or different
at different levels of the organization as well as the community served.
78. Explain the concept of guided lectures.
79. Discuss how training occurs at the management level.
80. List and discuss the various types of external training available to law enforcement personnel.
81. Illustrate and explain in detail the training cycle.