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53. Police rarely perceive the public as hostile.
a. True
b. False
54. An occupational environment affects the way a person interprets reality.
a. True
b. False
55. Police officers rarely feel isolated from the public.
a. True
b. False
56. Police departments have not responded adequately in addressing the issue of stress.
a. True
b. False
57. Police are mainly reactive when they are dependent on citizen calls reporting criminal activity.
a. True
b. False
58. New communications technology within police departments has tended to fragment decision making.
a. True
b. False
59. Quantifying police work is relatively easy.
a. True
b. False
60. Every department has the same number of vice and juvenile units.
a. True
b. False
61. The presence of a patrol officer in a community can be a major factor in reducing crime.
a. True
b. False
62. All police departments have equipment to perform DNA analysis.
a. True
b. False
63. Police help maintain order by enforcing traffic laws.
a. True
b. False
64. Most police patrol units have two officers.
a. True
b. False
65. The community policing philosophy does not include community residents in decision making.
a. True
b. False
66. Problem-oriented policing tries to find the underlying causes of crime.
a. True
b. False
67. Forensic analysis of hair, semen, and blood can only be used to determine guilt--these findings cannot be used to
establish the innocence of incarcerated people.
a. True
b. False
68. Police departments use several methods to measure police productivity. In light of the shift to community policing
(and away from punitive crime control), can measures such as arrests and traffic stops still be used as measures as
police productivity? Discuss your answer, and suggest alternatives if appropriate.
69. According to research on policing, officers have a significant amount of discretionary time during their shifts. If you
were a police administrator, how might you attempt to keep your officers accountable for their time? What style of
policing would you promote to reflect your style?
70. Different departments allocate their officers in different ways--some departments have more officers on patrol than
others, and some departments (such as Houston) stress criminal investigation. What factors might affect these
different distributions?
71. What explanations address why there are fewer female officers in most police departments? Should there be
efforts to change this? Why or why not
72. How does isolation help to define the police officer's working personality?
73. How do budget cuts on law enforcement agencies have an impact on the role of police in the community?
74. Fromtheperspectiveofpoliceofficerrolesandperformanceinfightingcrime,whatdoestheterm“intelligence”
mean? How have there been improvements in this area?
75. How does the use of technology within the community benefit both the community and police departments in
combating crime?
76. Police components that directly perform field operations and carry out the basic functions of patrol, investigation,
traffic, vice, juvenile, and so on.
a. line functions
b. patrol functions
c. sworn functions
d. preventative functions
77. The _________ raised questions about whether and how police patrol impacts crime and crime rates. Thus police
departments have tried various means to use patrol in order to provide service, order maintenance, and to achieve
improvements in crime prevention
and crime control.
a. Charlotte experiment
b. Oakland experiment
c. New York City experiment
d. Kansas City experiment
78. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the SARA strategy for problem solving?
a. Scanning the social environment to identify problems
b. Analysis of the problem by collecting information
c. Response to the problem by developing and employing remedies
d. Assessment of the solutions to make addition recommendations
79. Influential theory about increases in fear and crime within neighborhoods when there is insufficient police attention
to seemingly minor public
order offenses such as vandalism,loitering, aggressive panhandling, and prostitution.
a. learning theory
b. broken windows theory
c. differential learning association
d. social control theory
80. Steve Herbert found a high sense of morality in the law enforcement subculture. Which of the following is not a
dilemma to help officers overcome?
a. thecontradictionbetweenthegoalofpreventingcrimeandtheofficers’inabilitytodoso
b. thefactthatofficersmustusetheirdiscretionto“handle”situationsinwaysthatdonotstrictlyfollow
procedures
c. the fact that what is right is not always legal
d. thefactthattheyinvariablyactagainstatleastonecitizen’sinterest,oftenwithrecoursetocoerciveforce
that can maim or kill
81. The educational level of new police recruits is a factor that influences who applies to be a law enforcement officer.
a. True
b. False
82. When a force employs police officers from all demographic groups, the police gain legitimacy because they are
seen as reflecting the interests of all people and there may be reductions in race-based disparities affecting who is
stopped, searched, or arrested.
a. True
b. False
83. The second aspect of the working personality is the need to exert authority.
a. True
b. False
84. Agencies increasingly require recruits to undergo ____________, because each officer will ultimately make
important discretionary decisions, including those that may determine life and death in stressful situations.
85. The performance of the police is not based solely on the types of people recruited; it is also shaped by their
_______.
86. ________iscausedbyanofficer’sracialorgenderstatusamongpeers,whichcancreateproblemsingetting
alongwithotherofficersandadjustingtogroupvaluesthatdifferfromone’sown.
87. Theword_________isderivedfromaFrenchword,patrouiller,whichoncemeant“totrampaboutinthemud".
88. ___________ are police employees who have taken an oath and been given powers by the state to make arrests
and use necessary force, in accordance with their duties.
89. ___________ is an approach to policing in which officers routinely seek to identify, analyze, and respond to the
circumstances underlying the incidents that prompt citizens to call the police.
90. Explain how the broken windows theory impacts aggressive patrol.
91. Predict the future of law enforcement within the next 10 years. Take into account budget cuts and the vast
increases in technology.
Alan has always wanted to become a law enforcement officer. He has recently applied to his local sheriff's
department. He holds a bachelor's degree from his state university and speaks Spanish as a second language. If
hired, he will participate in a 16 week basic law enforcement course before he goes in the field.
92. How much money can Alan expect to make as a new recruit based upon current data as a non collective
bargaining department?
a. $33,621
b. $28,376
c. $30,000
d. $34.652
93. Based upon Alan's education level, which of the following would not be an area where we would be more
successful than a lesser educated law enforcement officer?
a. report writing
b. less improper use of force
c. higher arrests
d. less citizen complaints
94. Which of the following would not be a standard part of Alan's curriculum through BLET?
a. weapons use
b. CPR
c. prison procedure
d. legal rules
David has worked for his municipal police department for 10 years. He has seen his fair share of homicide and
rape victims. He remembers a time when he use to be excited to hear the next call for service. Currently, he
dreads to hear the radio calls for assistance. David tries to remember he is keeping his community safe by the job
he preforms. He also remembers he has a family of his own he wants to keep safe as well.
95. Since David has worked in his department for 10 years, he has grown accustomed to the symbols, beliefs, and
customs of his department. This is often referred to as the ___________.
a. socialization
b. subculture
c. working personality
d. authority
96. David is suffering from stress due to the those involved in the criminal justice system, which he is forced to arrest
and help prosecute on a day to day basis. Which type of stress is David suffering from?
a. external
b. organizational
c. personal
d. operational
97. David also suffers from the stress of a constantly rotating schedule, which force him to work nights, weekends, and
holidays. What type of stress does David suffer in regards to his family?
a. external
b. organizational
c. personal
d. operational
98. David has noticed that he has lost ties to all of his friends that are not in law enforcement. He only primarily
associates with those who carry a gun and a badge because fellow officers are the only ones who understand what
a police officer has to endure. This results in _________.
a. morality
b. isolation
c. authority
d. danger
Andrica is the chief of police for a mid size department. She has recently reviewed the data on how to serve the
community better including preventing crime and responding to calls. Andrica would like to incorporate additional
strategies to improve all issues, but wants to make sure her officers are willing to buy into a new method.
99. Andrica has considered buying a drone for surveillance to prevent future crimes from occurring. This would be
considered a __________ to law enforcement
a. proactive
b. reactive
c. informed
d. substantiated
100. Andrica would also like to change how her officers receive calls. She would like the highest priority calls to go out
first. This is an example of
a. differential response system
b. incident-driven policing,
c. evidence-based policing
d. reactive-based policing
101. Andrica's department has many social service calls. Officers spend a great deal of time of calls that are service
related. Andrica would like to develop this type of community based crime prevention. This is known as
__________.
a. incident driven policing
b. evidence based policing
c. community policing
d. reactive policing
