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Chapter 4—Fractions, Decimals, Ratios, and Percents
TRUE/FALSE
1. The parts of a fraction are the numerator (bottom number) and the denominator (top
number).
2. A proper fraction is a fraction whose numerator is smaller than its denominator.
3. Simplification is a method used to express a fraction in lower terms while changing the
value of the fraction.
4. Before fractions can be added or subtracted, they must have the same denominator. Like
fractions are fractions that have the same denominator.
5. The least common numerator is the smallest number that is a multiple of both numerators.
6. When dividing by a fraction whose value is less than 1, the answer is greater than the
dividend.
7. Reduced fractions are those fractions that are expressed with denominators of 10 or powers
of 10.
8. When the total number of decimal places in the subproducts exceeds the number of
numerals that appear in the product, ciphers are added to the right of the digits in the product
to complete the decimal places needed.
9. The term ratio is used to express a comparison between two numbers.
10. An example of a proportion is when preparing baked beans, the ratio is 2 to 1, that is, 2 parts
liquid to 1 part beans.
11. To find what percent one number is of another number, subtract and then divide the number
that represents the part by the number that represents the whole.
12. When a percent is expressed as a common fraction, the given percent is the numerator and
100 is the denominator.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A(n) _____ is a fraction whose numerator is smaller than its denominator.
a.
improper fraction
b.
unlike fraction
c.
proper fraction
d.
mixed number
2. The numeral below the bar represents the number of equal parts into which the unit is
divided and is called the _____.
a.
quotient
b.
denominator
c.
numerator
d.
product
3. Simplification is achieved by dividing the _____ and denominator of a fraction by the
greatest factor (number) common to both.
a.
denominator
b.
quotient
c.
numerator
d.
product
4. Before fractions can be added or subtracted, they must have the same _____.
a.
whole number
b.
product
c.
numerator
d.
denominator
5. When subtracting like fractions, _____ the numerators only. The denominators remain
_____.
a.
add, changed
b.
add, unchanged
c.
subtract, changed
d.
subtract, unchanged
6. _____ fractions have different denominators.
a.
Like
b.
Decimal
c.
Reduced
d.
Unlike
7. When multiplying two fractions, multiply the two _____ and place the results over the result
obtained by multiplying the two _____.
a.
numerators, denominators
b.
numerators, factors
c.
factors, denominators
d.
denominators, numerators
8. _____ are those fractions that are expressed with denominators of 10 or powers of 10.
a.
Unlike fractions
b.
Improper fractions
c.
Proper fractions
d.
Decimal fractions
9. The symbol used to separate a whole number and a decimal fraction is a _____.
a.
b.
@
c.
%
d.
. (decimal point)
10. The decimal equivalent of is _____.
a.
3.4
b.
0.75
c.
0.34
d.
75.0
11. When a number is made up of a whole number and a decimal fraction, it is referred to as a
_____.
a.
cipher
b.
mixed decimal fraction
c.
decimal point
d.
proper fraction
12. When multiplying decimals, the total number of decimal places in the multiplicand and
multiplier many times exceeds the number of numerals that appear in the product, so _____
are added to the left of the digits in the product to complete the decimal places needed.
a.
blanks
b.
decimal points
c.
ones
d.
ciphers
13. An example of using a ratio as a comparison is:
a.
The cook dropped one of three containers of olives in the storeroom. How many
containers does the restaurant own now?
b.
Last week, a restaurant sold three times as many steaks as pork chops. How many
steaks were sold last week?
c.
Last year, the bar sold $4,300 in alcoholic beverages. If they expect to double their
revenue, how much will they make this year?
d.
Today, two additional cases of cooking grease were bought. How many total cases
are in the inventory?
14. A proportion is defined as:
a.
the division or separation of a thing into the parts that compose it
b.
a relation in size, number, amount, or degree of one thing compared to another
c.
the cost of food as it relates to the amount of dollars received in sales
d.
an instrument to weigh ingredients used in baking
15. To find what percent one number is of another number:
a.
multiply the number that represents the whole by the number that represents the
part
b.
divide the number that represents the part by the number that represents the whole
c.
multiply the number that represents the part by the number that represents the
whole
d.
divide the number that represents the whole by the number that represents the part
NUMERIC RESPONSE
Change the following fractions to decimals. Use a zero when there is no whole number in
the answer .
1.
(Round your answer to one decimal place.)
2.
43
100
3.
Write each of the following numbers as decimals.
4. Five hundred thirty-four thousandths
5. Fourteen and Fourteen ten-thousandths
6. Four hundred four and four hundred four hundred thousandths
Find the sum in each problem.
7. 27 + 4.75 + 301.25 = _______________
8. 0.008 + 8.08 + 808.808 + 88 = _______________
9. _______________
Find the difference in each problem.
10. _______________
11. 1.7 – 0.5952 = _______________
12. _______________
Find the product in each problem. Round the answers to the nearest ten-thousandth when
necessary.
13. = _______________
14. _______________
15. _______________
Find the quotient in each problem. Give quotients three decimal places when necessary.
16. 0.615 ÷ 0.5 = _______________
17. _______________
18. _______________
Determine the answers to the following questions using ratios.
19. The Backhouse Restaurant sold one-fourth as many orders of appetizers as desserts. How
many appetizers were sold if the restaurant sold desserts?
_______________ appetizers
20. The Bleu Review Restaurant sold seven times as many orders of salmon as they did
scallops. If they sold orders of scallops, how many orders of salmon did they serve?
_______________ orders
21. Al’s Bar and Grill sold times more bottles of beer than wine bottles. If there were
empty wine bottles at the end of the night, how many bottles of beer were sold?
_______________ bottles
Solve the following problems using the proportions given.
22. How many pints of water are required when making Tiki Punch if pints of frozen punch
concentrate is used and the ratio is 6 to 1 water to concentrate?
_______________ pints
23. How many quarts of chicken stock are needed to bake quarts of rice using a ratio of 2 to
1 stock to rice?
_______________ quarts
24. Using a ratio of 4 to 1 water to barley, how many cups of water should be used to cook
cups of barley?
_______________ cups
Express the following common fractions as percents. Do not round answers.
25. = _______________%
26. = _______________%
27.
9
16
= _______________%
Solve the following problems. Round percent answers to the nearest tenth. Round money
answers to the nearest cent.
28. A -pound side of beef is ordered. The chuck cut weighs pounds and the round cut
weighs pounds. What percent of the side is the chuck?
_______________%
29. If a restaurant takes in in one month and of that amount is profit, how much
is profit?
$_______________
30. Mr. Lauer purchased two new coffee urns at each. For buying in quantity, he is
given a discount on the total bill. What is the amount he paid?
$_______________
31. If a restaurant’s gross receipts for one week is and of that amount is for labor,
for food cost, and for miscellaneous items, how much is the profit?
$_______________
32. The Skylark Restaurant selected new china originally priced at . Because it was a
discontinued pattern, they were given a discount. What was their final cost?
$_______________
Do the following fraction problems.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
COMPLETION
1. A ____________________ indicates one or more equal parts of a unit.
2. The numeral placed above the division or fraction bar indicates the number of fractional
units taken and is called the ____________________.
3. The numeral below the bar represents the number of equal parts into which the unit is
divided and is called the ____________________.
4. A ____________________ ____________________ is a fraction whose numerator is
smaller than its denominator.
5. A ____________________ refers to two or more numerals that, when multiplied together,
yield a given product.
6. An ____________________ fraction is a fraction whose numerator is larger than its
denominator, and whose value is greater than a whole unit.
7. A ____________________ ____________________ is a whole number mixed with a
fractional part.
8. ____________________ is a method used to express a fraction in lower terms without
changing the value of the fraction.
9. ____________________ fractions are fractions that have the same denominator.
10. ____________________ fractions have different denominators.
11. The ____________________ ____________________ denominator is the smallest number
that is a multiple of both denominators.
12. The term ____________________ refers to decimal fractions.
13. ____________________ ____________________ are those fractions that are expressed
with denominators of 10 or powers of 10.
14. Instead of writing a fraction, a point (.) called a ____________________
____________________ is used to indicate a decimal fraction.
15. When a number is made up of a whole number and a decimal fraction, it is referred to as a
____________________ ____________________ fraction.
16. When the total number of decimal places in the multiplicand and multiplier exceeds the
number of numerals that appear in the product, ____________________ are added to the
left of the digits in the product to complete the decimal places needed.
17. A ____________________ between two quantities is the number of times one contains the
other.
18. A ____________________ is a relation in size, number, amount, or degree of one thing
compared to another.
19. ____________________ means “of each hundred.”
20. = _____________
21. = _____________
22. = _____________
23. = _____________
24. = _____________
MATCHING
Match the following chapter terms with their definition.
a.
fraction
g.
mixed number
b.
numerator
h.
simplification
c.
denominator
i.
like fraction
d.
proper fraction
j.
unlike fractions
e.
factor
k.
least common denominator
f.
improper fraction
1. A fraction whose numerator is smaller than its denominator
2. The bottom number of a fraction
3. A fraction whose numerator is larger than its denominator and whose value is greater than a
whole unit
4. Fractions that have the same denominator
5. A whole number mixed with a fractional part
6. The top number of a fraction
7. One or more of the equal parts of a whole
8. A method used to express a fraction in lower terms without changing the value of the
fraction
9. Fractions that have different denominators
10. The smallest number that is a multiple of both denominators
11. One of the two or more quantities, which, when multiplied together, yields a given product
Match the following chapter terms with their definition.
a.
decimal
e.
cipher
b.
decimal fraction
f.
ratio
c.
decimal point
g.
proportion
d.
mixed decimal fraction
h.
percent
12. Relation in size, number, amount, or degree of one thing compared to another
13. A point (.) used to indicate a decimal fraction
14. Relative magnitude
15. A fraction that is expressed with denominators of 10 or powers of 10
16. A system of counting by tens and powers of 10
17. A number that is made up of a whole number and a decimal fraction
18. Zero
19. Rate or proportion of each hundred
