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a.
is of psychological importance as it provides status to the employee.
b.
indicates the level within the occupational hierarchy occupied by the jobholder.
c.
may indicate the basic duties involved in the job.
d.
all of these are correct.
78. The section of a job description that provides information about the location of the job and the reporting relationships
involved is the:
a.
job duties section.
b.
job identification section.
c.
job title.
d.
job specification.
79. The statements in a job description covering job duties or essential job functions are usually arranged in:
a.
alphabetical order.
b.
numerical order.
c.
order of importance.
d.
sequential order.
80. The job specification section of a job description should include:
a.
the skills required to perform the job.
b.
the location of the job.
c.
the person to whom the jobholder reports.
d.
the date of job posting.
81. Which of the following is NOT a problem frequently associated with job descriptions?
a.
They tend to broaden the scope of activities of the jobholder.
b.
They may be vague or poorly written.
c.
They include illegal specifications.
d.
They require frequent updating.
82. Federal guidelines and court decisions require that the specific performance requirements of a job be based on _____
job-related criteria.
a.
valid
b.
skilled
c.
incompetent
d.
competent
83. The degree to which the job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work, that is, doing a job from
beginning to end with a visible outcome is known as:
a.
autonomy.
b.
task significance.
c.
skill variety.
d.
task identity.
84. _____ is accomplished by adding more meaningful tasks and duties to make the work more rewarding and satisfying.
a.
Job augmentation
b.
Job rotation
c.
Job enlargement
d.
Job enrichment
85. Any effort that makes work more rewarding or satisfying by adding more meaningful tasks to an employee's job is
called:
a.
job enlargement.
b.
job augmentation.
c.
job enrichment.
d.
job rotation.
86. Job enrichment is touted as helping employees with:
a.
self-esteem and job satisfaction.
b.
dissatisfaction with pay.
c.
employment security.
d.
dissatisfaction with benefits.
87. _____ is the process of adding a greater variety of tasks to a job.
a.
Job enrichment
b.
Job enlargement
c.
Job rotation
d.
Workplace expansion
88. According to Herzberg, managers can enrich the jobs of employees by:
a.
adding more responsibility to jobs.
b.
increasing fringe benefits.
c.
improving the quality of employee supervision.
d.
removing safety hazards.
89. According to the job characteristics model, what three psychological states of a jobholder result in motivated,
satisfied, and productive employees?
a.
Meaningfulness of the work, task significance, and autonomy
b.
Meaningfulness of the work, responsibility for completion of a whole identifiable piece of work, and task
significance
c.
Meaningfulness of the work, responsibility for outcomes, and knowledge of work results
d.
Meaningfulness of the work, responsibility for outcomes, and fair compensation
90. Hackman and Oldham propose that the five characteristics in their job characteristics model lead to all of the
following EXCEPT:
a.
work group synergy.
b.
improved work performance.
c.
internal motivation.
d.
lower absenteeism and turnover.
91. Skill variety refers to:
a.
the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, requiring the use of different skills and
talents.
b.
the degree to which a job requires completion of an identifiable piece of work with a visible outcome.
c.
the degree to which a job has impact on the work of other people.
d.
the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion to an individual in scheduling the work and
determining the procedures to use.
92. Task identity refers to:
a.
the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, requiring the use of different skills and
talents.
b.
the degree to which a job requires completion of an identifiable piece of work with a visible outcome.
c.
the degree to which a job has impact on the work of other people.
d.
the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion to an individual in scheduling the work and
determining the procedures to use.
93. Task significance refers to:
a.
the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, requiring the use of different skills and
talents.
b.
the degree to which a job requires completion of an identifiable piece of work with a visible outcome.
c.
the degree to which a job has impact on the work of others.
d.
the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion to an individual in scheduling the work and
determining the procedures to use.
94. Autonomy refers to:
a.
the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, requiring the use of different skills and
talents.
b.
the degree to which a job requires completion of an identifiable piece of work with a visible outcome.
c.
the degree to which a job has impact on the work of others.
d.
the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion to an individual in scheduling the work and
determining the procedures to use.
95. Feedback refers to:
a.
the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, requiring the use of different skills and
talents.
b.
the degree to which a job requires completion of an identifiable piece of work with a visible outcome.
c.
the degree to which an individual is given direct and clear information about the effectiveness of his or her
performance.
d.
the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion to an individual in scheduling the work and
determining the procedures to use.
96. _____ is a naturally occurring phenomenon whereby employees mold their tasks to fit their individual strengths,
passions, and motives better.
a.
Job development
b.
Dejobbing
c.
Employee engagement
d.
Job crafting
97. To achieve empowerment, organizations must encourage participation, innovation, access to information, and _____.
a.
accountability
b.
feedback
c.
responsibility
d.
training
98. Analyzing the elements in a work cycle that make up a particular job activity and determining the time required to
complete each element is called:
a.
job analysis.
b.
industrial engineering.
c.
human engineering.
d.
job design.
99. _____ refers to the process of structuring organizations not around jobs but around projects that are constantly
changing.
a.
Employee engagement
b.
Dejobbing
c.
Job crafting
d.
Ergonomics
100. _____ refers to a situation in which workers are enthusiastic and immersed in their work to the degree that it
improves the performance of their companies.
a.
Dejobbing
b.
Job crafting
c.
Employee engagement
d.
Employee empowerment
101. _____ occurs when the interaction and outcome of team members is greater than the sum of their individual efforts.
a.
Autonomy
b.
Teamwork
c.
Ergonomics
d.
Synergy
102. Which of the following is NOT a synergistic team characteristic?
a.
Support
b.
Consensus
c.
Acceptance
d.
Agreement
103. _____ are groups of highly trained individuals performing a set of interdependent job tasks within a natural work
unit. The team members rely on consensus-type decision-making to perform their work duties, solve problems, or deal
with internal or external customers.
a.
Cross-functional teams
b.
Self-directed teams
c.
Project teams
d.
Task-force teams
104. Complete training for teams should cover each of the following skills, EXCEPT:
a.
leadership.
b.
goal setting.
c.
conflict resolution.
d.
etiquette.
105. The _____ has stringent rules requiring the payment of overtime to nonsupervisory employees who work more than
forty hours a week.
a.
Fair Labor Standards Act
b.
Equal Pay Act
c.
Rehabilitation Act
d.
Taft-Hartley Act
106. A compressed work week provides all of the following, EXCEPT:
a.
improved recruitment and retention of employees.
b.
better coordinated work and production schedules.
c.
a reduction in job satisfaction and morale.
d.
greater accommodation for the employee in making personal appointments.
107. Telecommuting is fairly common in:
a.
Ohio.
b.
Texas.
c.
California.
d.
Maine.
108. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of telecommuting?
a.
Reduced absenteeism
b.
Greater overhead costs
c.
Increased productivity
d.
Reduced carbon footprint
109. What occurs when the interaction and outcome of team members is greater than the sum of their individual efforts?
a.
Unanimity
b.
Dejobbing
c.
Synergy
d.
Ergonomics
110. Team synergy is heightened when team members engage in behaviors such as support, active listening, consensus
decision-making, and _____.
a.
unanimity
b.
prioritizing options
c.
regular meetings
d.
disagreements
111. A group staffed with a mix of specialists based on assignment (non-voluntary) that is formed to accomplish a specific
objective is called a _____.
a.
self-directed team
b.
project team
c.
cross-functional team
d.
process-improvement team
112. A group of employees formed to design a new product or service is called a(n):
a.
self-directed team.
b.
project team.
c.
cross-functional team.
d.
employee rotation unit.
113. A group of employees formed by management to immediately resolve a major problem and develop a long-term plan
for problem resolution is called a(n):
a.
self-directed team.
b.
task force team.
c.
cross-functional team.
d.
employee rotation unit.
114. A group of experienced people from different departments appointed by management and charged with improving
productivity and decreasing waste in processes that affect all departments involved is called a(n):
a.
self-directed team.
b.
process-improvement team.
c.
cross-functional team.
d.
employee rotation unit.
115. _____ use advanced computer and telecommunications technology to link team members who are geographically
dispersed.
a.
Content teams
b.
Whole teams
c.
Advanced teams
d.
Virtual teams
116. Work arrangement programs involving a work schedule that differs from normal workweek schedules of 9 to 5, five
days a week, include all of the following EXCEPT:
a.
the compressed workweek.
b.
flextime.
c.
job sharing.
d.
job enrichment.
117. When an employee works eighty hours over nine days and takes one day off every other week, the employee's work
schedule is known as a(n):
a.
compressed workweek.
b.
enriched workweek.
c.
flextime arrangement.
d.
adaptable schedule.
118. Compressed workweeks are a problem because the Fair Labor Standards Act requires the payment of overtime to
regular employees who work more than:
a.
8 hours in a day.
b.
40 hours in a week.
c.
five days a week.
d.
10 hours in a day.
119. Reasons for implementation of compressed workweek schedules include all of the following EXCEPT:
a.
coordinating production schedules.
b.
recruiting and retaining employees.
c.
avoiding paying overtime.
d.
balancing employee and organizational needs.
120. When an employee can adjust their daily starting and quitting times, provided they work a certain number of hours
per day or week, their work schedule is known as:
a.
a compressed workweek.
b.
an enriched workweek.
c.
a flextime arrangement.
d.
an adaptable schedule.
121. Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of flextime schedules?
a.
Flextime is difficult to implement in situations where workstations must be staffed at all times.
b.
Flextime makes communication and control more difficult for supervisors.
c.
Flextime makes it difficult to recruit and retain personnel.
d.
Flextime leads to increased energy costs due to extended facility hours.
122. The advantages of flextime schedules include all of the following EXCEPT:
a.
improved communication among employees and supervisors.
b.
recruiting and retaining employees.
c.
improving customer service.
d.
balancing employee and organizational needs.
123. Employers favor job sharing since it serves to:
a.
reduce labor costs.
b.
reduce layoffs.
c.
reduce training costs.
d.
reduce employee appraisals.
124. Job sharing is suited to all of the following EXCEPT:
a.
people who only wish to work part-time.
b.
spouses with families who want to work part-time.
c.
people who need full-time work to satisfy all of their obligations.
d.
older workers who wish to phase into retirement.
125. From the employer's perspective, telecommuting is advantageous for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
a.
increased worker productivity.
b.
reduced carbon footprints.
c.
replacement of nontelecommuting employees.
d.
retention of valued employees.
126. Which of the following is an advantage of telecommuting?
a.
Employees develop high self-discipline while working alone at home.
b.
Communication within an organization improves as telecommuting is unambiguous in comparison with face-
to-face communication.
c.
Line managers accustomed to managing by observation may find supervising distributed employees easy.
d.
It reduces overhead costs and office space of a company.
127. Virtual teams:
a.
have their problems as well as benefits.
b.
have never caught on in Europe.
c.
seem to be without problems.
d.
began with the invention of color TV.
128. What is the role of job analysis in HRM, and how does it relate to other HRM functions?
129. Compare and contrast two approaches to job analysis: (1) the position analysis questionnaire (PAQ); and (2) the
critical incident technique (CIT).
130. Identify and explain the various sections of a job description.
131. Discuss the different forms of employee teams.
132. Discuss the job characteristics that motivate employees.
133. Explain the characteristics of effective teams.
134. What are the pros and cons of telecommuting?
