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35. According to the path-goal theory
ofleadership,
which of the following leadership styles involves consulting
with
subordinates about
decisions?
a. Directive
leadership
b. Supportive leadership
c. Achievement-oriented
leadership
d. Participative
leadership
36. According to the path-goal theory
ofleadership,
which of the following leadership styles stresses
high-quality
performance
and
improvement over current
performance?
a. Participative
leadership
b. Directive
leadership
c. Achievement-oriented
leadership
d. Supportive leadership
37. In the context of the path-goal theory
ofleadership,
which of the following statements is true of
supportive
leadership?
a.
It
involves setting clear and challenging goals for
subordinates.
b.
It
involves consulting with subordinates about decisions.
c.
It
involves telling subordinates exactly what they are supposed to
do.
d. It involves showing concern for subordinates' wellbeing and personal
needs.
38. According to the path-goal theory
ofleadership,
the personal characteristics of followers, which is a
situational contingency, includes factors such as .
a. the degree of task
structure
b. the work
group
c. motivation
d. formality
39. According to the path-goal theory of leadership, when a subordinate is unchallenged by a task, a(n) is used
to
set higher
goals.
a. supportive leadership
behavior
b. empowering leadership
behavior
c. directive leadership
behavior
d. achievement-oriented leadership
behavior
40. According to the path-goal theory
ofleadership,
which of the following situational contingencies consists of
the
educational level of subordinates and the quality of relationships among
them?
a. Human relations skills
b. Task
structures
c. Formal authority
systems
d. Work-group
characteristics
41. Which of the following statements is true of the Vroorn-Jago contingency model
ofleadership?
a.
It
made the assumption that new leaders could take over as situations
change.
b.
It
states that the leader's responsibility is to increase
subordinates'
motivation to attain personal and
organizational goals.
c.
It
discusses the extent to which the leader's style is
relationship-oriented
or task
oriented.
d.
It
tells the leader precisely the correct amount of participation by subordinates to use in making a
particular
decision.
42. According to the Vroorn-Jago contingency model
ofleadership,
which of the
following
activities refers to delegation in decision
making?
a. A leader permits the group to make a decision within prescribed
limits.
b. A leader presents a problem to the group in a
meeting.
c. A leader makes a decision alone and announces it to the
group.
d. A leader presents a problem to the group members, gets their suggestions, and then makes the
decision.
43. According to the Vroom-Jago contingency model
ofleadership,
i
f
subordinates have a high level of expertise
in
relation to a problem, .
a. the leader should not allow the group to make the decision
alone.
b. the leader has to be actively involved in decision
making.
c. more responsibility for the decision can be delegated to
them.
d. subordinates will have low commitment to the
decision.
44. In the context of using substitutes for leadership, which of the following factors tends to substitute for leader
task
orientation?
a. Love-based
motivation
b. Socialization
c. Forrnalized mles
d. Creative and ill-defmed
tasks
45. The fundamental assumption of substitutes- for- leadership researchers is
that:
a. when a task is highly satisfying and enjoyable, the leader should show acceptance and compassion as it is
not
provided by the
task.
b. effective leadership is the ability to recognize and provide the support not already provided by task, group, and
organization.
c. substitutes for leadership cannot be designed into organizations in ways to complement existing leadership.
d. when a task is highly structured and routine, the leader should provide clarification of task objectives
and
responsibilities as it is not provided by the
task.
46. refers to a theory meaning one thing depends on other
things.
47. The to leadership seek to delineate the characteristics of situations and followers and examine the
leadership
styles that can be used
effectively.
48. According to the situational theory of leadership, a leader following the encourages participation,
consults
with followers, and facilitates decision
making.
49. The point of Hersey and Blanchard's situational theory
ofleadership
is that subordinates vary in .
50. was designed to enable leaders to diagnose both leadership style and organizational
situation.
51. According to Fiedler's contingency model of leadership, is the extent to which the leader has formal
authority
over
subordinates.
52. According to the
of
leadership, the leader's responsibility is to increase subordinates' motivation to attain
personal
and organizational goals.
53. The Vroom-Jago model of leadership focuses specifically on varying degrees of
leadership.
54. A(n) for leadership, which is a situational variable, makes the leadership style unnecessary or
redundant.
55. A(n)
,which
is a situational characteristic, counteracts the leadership style and prevents the leader
from
displaying certain behaviors.
56. Explain the four leadership styles based on the situational theory of leadership developed by Hersey and
Blanchard.
57. Briefly describe Fiedler's contingency model
ofleadership.
58. According to the path-goal theory of leadership, how does a leader tailor rewards to a
situation?
59. Describe the Vroom-Jago contingency model of leadership.
60. Explain the aspect of substitutes and neutralizers for
leadership.
61. A leadership style that works in one situation might not work in another situation. There is no one best way
of
leadership.
Discuss.
62. New research has continued to improve Fiedler's model of leadership, and it is still considered an
important
contribution
to
leadership studies. However, its major impact may have been to stir other researchers to consider situational
factors
more seriously.
Discuss.
63. Leaders should adopt a style with which to complement the organizational situation.
Discuss.
