Gargiulo, Special Education in Contemporary Society 5th Edition
Multiple Choice
1. Which amendment includes the equal protection clause?
A) First Amendment
B) Fourth Amendment
C) Eleventh Amendment
D) Fourteenth Amendment
2. What landmark case declared segregation unlawful and laid the groundwork for increasing
educational access for students with disabilities?
A) Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas
B) Smith v. Board of Education of Philadelphia
C) Diana v. State Board of Education
D) Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
3.Select the public law that was the “bill of rights” for children with exceptionalities and their
families.
A) PL 90-112
B) PL 94-142
C) PL 98-192
D) PL 94-132
4. What philosophy supports the belief that all children, regardless of the severity of their
disability, must be provided an education appropriate to their unique needs at no cost to the
parent/guardian?
A) Equal opportunity
B) Integration
C) Least restrictive environment
D) Zero reject
5. PL 99-457 extended the scope of educational services provided by PL 94-142 to support
which population?
A) High school students
B) Middle school students
C) Elementary students
D) Children ages birth to 5 years of age
6. What type of plan is developed for students ages birth to 2 years who are experiencing a
developmental delay or have a high probability of a developmental delay?
A) Individualized education program
B) Individualized assistance plan
C) Educational assistance plan
D) Individualized family service plan
7. What did PL 101-476 rename PL 94-142?
A) No Child Left Behind
B) Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act
C) Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
D) Americans with Disabilities Act
8. PL 101-476 identified what disability/disabilities as distinct categories?
A) Traumatic brain injury
B) Autism
C) All of the above
D) None of the above
9. What model does Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 employ?
A) Diagnostic
B) Functional
C) Categorical
D) Rehabilitative
10. The achievement of which students are the focus of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB)
Act?
A) Students with disabilities
B) Students without disabilities
C) All students
D) Preschool students
11. Select the measure of emphasis used to determine a school’s progress of meeting mandates
of the No Child Left Behind Act.
A) Standardized tests
B) Semester grades
C) Class averages
D) Benchmark scores
12. What procedure for identifying students with a disability did IDEA 2004 provide as an
alternative to the discrepancy model?
A) Child find
B) Response to intervention
C) Mainstreaming
D) Least restrictive environment
13. The age restriction stipulated by Section 504 is
A) The same as IDEA age restrictions
B) Ages 6 to 18 years
C) Ages birth to 26 years
D) There is no age restriction
14. What should occur before initiating a referral for special education services?
A) Nine weeks from the first recognition of a potential disability
B) Provision of accommodations and modifications
C) Related service provision
D) Prereferral interventions
15. What is the IDEA-mandated process of screening and identification of individuals
suspected of having a disability?
A) Brigance
B) Child seek
C) Child find
D) SCOPE
16. What is a written request to evaluate a student to determine whether or not the child has a
disability?
A) Request for assistance
B) Referral
C) Eligibility determination
D) Manifestation determination
17. Select the first step in determining whether or not a student has a disability.
A) Collect preliminary assessment data using standardized protocols.
B) Secure parent permission for student evaluation.
C) Implement instruction in alternate educational settings to assess learning impact.
D) Provide accommodations and modifications to assess learning impact.
18. Standardized tests linked to interindividual differences are called
A) Criterion-referenced tests
B) Norm-referenced tests
C) Curriculum-based measurements
D) Mastery-based assessments
19. Standardized tests linked to intraindividual differences are called
A) Criterion-referenced tests
B) Norm-referenced tests
C) Curriculum-based measurements
D) Mastery-based assessments
20. When must an individualized education program be developed following the determination
of a disability?
A) 14 days
B) 30 days
C) 60 days
D) 90 days
21. According to IDEA 2004, at what age is a statement of needed transition services required?
A) 12
B) 14
C) 16
D) 18
22. What provides direction for the delivery of early intervention services for infants and
toddlers who are at risk or disabled?
A) Early intervention assistance team
B) Individualized education team
C) Individualized family service plan
D) Preschool planning service team
23. How often is an individualized family service plan reviewed?
A) 60 days
B) 3 months
C) 6 months
D) Annually
24. IDEA mandates that services be provided to students in what setting?
A) Least restrictive environment
B) Most appropriate environment
C) Best available setting
D) None of the above
25. Select the educational setting that is least restrictive.
A) Separate school
B) Separate setting
C) Resource room
D) Regular class
26. What key feature is often overlooked when considering service delivery options?
A) Instructor personality
B) Temporary nature of placement
C) Financial cost of delivery options
D) Age of student
27. When determining the least restrictive environment for service delivery, what is this
decision based on?
A) Student’s identified disability
B) Teacher certification
C) Space and budget allocations
D) Student’s educational need
28. What is the concept of a partnership between general and special education resulting in a
coordinated delivery system?
A) Least restrictive environment
B) Regular education initiative
C) Full inclusion
D) Equal access for all students
29. What is the belief that all students should be taught exclusively in general education
classrooms at neighborhood schools?
A) Least restrictive environment
B) Regular education initiative
C) Full inclusion
D) Equal access for all students
30. Which major political movement helped secure equal educational rights for children with
disabilities?
A) Cuban missile crisis
B) Civil rights movement
C) Securities and Liberty Act of 1962
D) The women’s rights movement
31. All of the following are key court cases for influencing special education except
A) Roe v. Wade
B) Lau v. Nichols
C) Larry P. v. Riles
D) Wyatt v. Stickney
32. As a result of the reauthorizations of IDEA, all of the following stipulations are true except
A) Student and parent rights have been clarified
B) Discipline procedures have been articulated
C) Services for individuals with disabilities have been extended through age 23
D) Individual transition plans (ITPs) are required for students with an IEP by age 16
33. The right to receive written notification (in parents’ native language) of proposed changes
to their child’s educational classification or placement is a part of which component of PL
94-142?
A) Individualized education program
B) Nondiscriminatory assessment
C) The least restrictive environment
D) Procedural due process
34. Which of the following is a civil rights law?
A) PL 94-142
B) PL 99-457
C) PL 101-476
D) PL 93-112
35. Under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, all of the following would be
considered “major life activities” except
A) Driving
B) Seeing
C) Learning
D) Walking
36. Which is a stipulation of NCLB 2001?
A) Annual testing of students K–8 is required
B) Special education students were excluded from testing
C) Schools experiencing difficulty attaining annual yearly progress (AYP) will be
provided with technical and financial assistance
D) Teachers can change schools if their school is not attaining AYP
37. A mandatory ________ _______ is now required prior to proceeding with a due process
hearing.
A) Waiting period
B) Resolution session
C) Suspension hearing
D) Time out
38. Differences between pupils are an example of
A) Intraindividual differences
B) Intermediate differences
C) Exceptional differences
D) Interindividual differences
39. Which of the following is an example of intraindividual differences?
A) John is a terrific artist, but he has trouble doing pull-ups.
B) Ceasar is taller than his classmates.
C) Alice is the fastest reader in the class.
D) Lebron consistently receives the highest scores in math.
40. How long after eligibility for special education services is determined until an IEP must be
developed?
A) 10 days
B) 15 days
C) 30 days
D) 1 year
41. Which of the following would be considered assessment accommodations?
A) Extended time
B) Use of special equipment
C) Frequent breaks
D) All of the above
42. According to which of the following should students with disabilities be served within the
full inclusion model?
A) Functional ability
B) Parental selection
C) Chronological age
D) Educational age
43. Sources of student assessment information may include which of the following:
A) Observation
B) Interview
C) Work samples
D) All of the above
44. According to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004, an
individualized education program must include a statement of the student’s present levels
of educational and functional _______________.
A) Development
B) Performance
C) Satisfaction
D) None of the above
45. _____ percent of the referrals for special education services result in placement.
A) Twenty-five
B) Fifty
C) Seventy-five
D) Ninety
46. _______________ is the generic term for the process of gathering information for the
purpose of making decisions.
A) Response to intervention
B) Discrepancy model
C) Instruction
D) Assessment
47. Goals in an individualized family service plan are based on the ____________ of the
family.
A) Priorities
B) Demonstrated needs
C) Developmental stage
D) Income
48. The language contained in IDEA 2004 concerning who is considered a “highly qualified”
special educator is complementary to the standards promulgated in __________________.
A) Public Law 101-476 (1990 Amendments to PL-94-142)
B) No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) of 2001
C) Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
D) Americans with Disabilities Act (Public Law 101-336)
49. Which act employs a functional rather than a categorical model for determining a
disability?
A) Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments of 2008 (Public Law 110-325)
B) No Child Left Behind Act of 2001
C) Public Law 10-17 (1997 Amendments to IDEA)
D) Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
50. Which of the following is not a major component under IDEA (Public Law 94-142)?
A) Free appropriate public education (FAPE)
B) Individualized family service plan (IFSP)
C) Least restrictive environment (LRE)
D) Individualized education program (IEP)
51. The U.S. Supreme Court held in ______________that catheterization qualified as a related
service under PL 94-142.
A) Smith v. Robinson, 1984
B) Honig v. Doe, 1988
C) Tatro v. State of Texas, 1980
D) Armstrong v. Kline, 1980
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52. The current focus on exposing an individual with special needs to the general
education curriculum is clearly evident in a recent initiative known as
A) Regular education initiative
B) Common Core State Standards
C) Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments
D) Section 504
53. Which of the following is not a stipulation of IDEA 2004?
A) Multiyear IEPs are permissible
B) All students are required to participate in state- and district-wide assessments with
accommodations or alternate assessment as stipulated in the IEP
C) Eliminates the use of short-term Objective:s except for students evaluated via the
alternate assessment
D) Autism and traumatic brain injury identified as discrete disability categories
54. Instructional or behavioral strategies introduced by a general education teacher to
assist a struggling student are
A) Informal assessments
B) Prereferral interventions
C) Portfolios
D) Student work samples
55. Which of the following components of an individual family service plan is not also
a component of the IEP?
A) Statement of family resources, priorities, and concerns
B) Present levels of performance
C) Statement of measurable goals
D) Date of initiation of services