True / False
1. The conditions of parole only regulate conduct that is viewed in a legal context.
a.
True
b.
False
2. In practice, revocations usually result from a single rule violation.
a.
True
b.
False
False
3. The typical length of re-confinement for a technical parole violation is consistent among all offenders.
a.
True
b.
False
False
4. Parole officers have little discretionary power over their clients.
a.
True
b.
False
False
5. When releases (parolees) come out of prison, their personal and material problems are staggering.
a.
True
b.
False
True
6. Nearly one-fourth of all parolees will fail in the first six months.
False
a.
True
b.
False
7. When people fail on parole, their parole is revoked and they return to prison to continue serving their
sentence.
a.
True
b.
False
True
8. Parole can be revoked for a new crime or a technical violation.
a.
True
b.
False
True
9. Parole supervision varies from state to state.
a.
True
b.
False
True
10. Finding employment after release is relatively easy.
a.
True
b.
False
False
11. The effectiveness of parole supervision has been found to be strong in regard to the reduction of recidivism.
a.
True
b.
False
False
True
12. Residential programs serve offenders when they are first released from prison.
a.
True
b.
False
True
13. Most U.S. states have specific parole guidelines in regard to those who reoffend.
a.
True
b.
False
False
supervision.
14. For parolees, a “clean start” is usually an easy process once a plan is in place.
a.
True
b.
False
False
supervision.
15. Most parole revocations occur only when the parolee is arrested on a serious charge or cannot be located by the
officer.
a.
True
b.
False
True
supervision.
16. Parole officers are usually asked to play two roles: a cop and a judge.
a.
True
b.
False
False
17. The underlying goal of the halfway house is to provide a period of adjustment that allows the offender to become
reconnected to the outside world while still being maintained in a structured environment.
a.
True
b.
False
18. Originally, parole officers worked directly for the:
a.
commissioner.
b.
warden.
c.
governor.
d.
parole board.
d
19. An emphasis on is what matters most in the philosophy of a parole agency.
a.
control
b.
policy
c.
rehabilitation
d.
reintegration
a
20. Parole officers are often portrayed as having absolute over their clients.
a.
control
b.
movement
c.
authority
d.
power
d
21. The word best used to describe the action taken against people who fail on parole is:
a.
suspended.
b.
terminated.
c.
revoked.
True
d.
monitored.
22. Parole is often viewed as a:
a.
privilege.
b.
right.
c.
duty.
d.
grace.
23. Which of the following is most likely to lead to parole revocation?
a.
a dirty drug test
b.
loss of a job
c.
an arrest for a new crime
d.
all of these
24. Requirements and rules designed to aid readjustment to society and control parolee movement are called:
a.
conditional requirements.
b.
technical conditions.
c.
release conditions.
d.
conditions of release.
25. Residential centers tend to be the local community.
a.
unpopular with
b.
welcome in
c.
generators of crime in
d.
financial boons to
26. Three forces influence the newly released offender’s adjustment to free society. They include the parole
board, the parole bureaucracy, and the experiences of the:
a.
offender.
b.
victim.
c.
rehabilitation.
d.
community.
27. Research has shown that postrelease supervision is in its effectiveness.
a.
excellent
b.
poor
c.
limited
d.
none of these
28. NIMBY stands for:
a.
no inmate by me.
b.
never in my best.
c.
not in my backyard.
d.
no inmate may buy time.
29. Which of the following is NOT a high-priority need for many offenders released from prison?
a.
marriage/home life
b.
education
c.
money
d.
job
30. One major worry for the public that concerns parolees is:
a.
homelessness.
b.
violence on release.
c.
lying on employment applications.
d.
civil disability.
31. When parole officers play the role of , they can restrict many aspects of the parolee’s life and initiate
revocation for violations.
a.
cop
b.
social worker
c.
welfare worker
d.
paternal officer
32. When offenders work and live at home during the week and then return to the prison for the weekend, it is:
a.
a group housing program.
b.
a work furlough.
c.
a reentry approach.
d.
a training program.
33. Offenders released under supervisory conditions experience returns to prison for new crimes than
those who leave without required supervision.
a.
comparable
b.
more
c.
fewer
d.
corresponding
34. The vast majority of offenders released from prison remain:
a.
under correctional authority for some time.
b.
criminally active.
c.
drug free.
d.
employed.
35. A parolee may be required to:
a.
abstain from alcohol.
b.
keep away from certain people.
c.
maintain good work habits.
d.
all of these.
36. Today, parole boards release approximately of all inmates up for parole.
a.
25 percent
b.
40 percent
c.
50 percent
d.
65 percent
37. Most parole failures occur:
a.
long after release.
b.
soon after release.
c.
after one year.
d.
before release.
38. Residential programs normally house between 10 and offenders at any one time.
a.
12
b.
15
c.
25
d.
50
39. Parolees are often required to gain an education, have money, and have a as part of their conditions of
release.
a.
family
b.
child
c.
job
d.
church
40. Parole officer caseloads average:
a.
36 cases per officer.
b.
50 cases per officer.
c.
66 cases per officer.
d.
80 cases per officer.
41. It is estimated that roughly ____ Americans cannot vote due to their felony convictions.
a.
1 million
b.
2 million
c.
3 million
d.
5 million
42. Thirteen percent of cannot vote due to their prior felony convictions:
a.
white men
b.
black men
c.
adult males
d.
Latino males
43. _____________ refers to a legal process that results in the removal of a conviction from official records.
a.
Pardon
b.
Dismissal
c.
Expungement
d.
Rejoinder
c
The Offender’s Experience of Postrelease Life
society handles this problem.
44. In both _____________ and ______________, offenders released under supervision have fewer returns to prison for
new crimes than do those who leave without supervision.
a.
France; Germany
b.
Germany; the United States
c.
Canada; France
d.
the United States; Canada
d
The Offender’s Experience of Postrelease Life
ACOR.CLEA.16.16.06 – Identify the major problems that parolees confront.
45. Which of the following is NOT one of the most serious unmet personal needs of parolees?
a.
homelessness
b.
history of drug and alcohol abuse
c.
diet
d.
mental health disorder
c
The Offender’s Experience of Postrelease Life
society handles this problem.
46. All of the following can be classified as civil disabilities that offenders face once released from prison, except for:
a.
the right to remain silent.
b.
the right to own and possess a firearm
c.
the right to hold public office.
d.
the right to vote
a
The Offender’s Experience of Postrelease Life
society handles this problem.
47. The effectiveness of corrections is usually measured by rates of:
a.
therapy involvement .
b.
recidivism.
c.
incarceration rates.
d.
program completion.
Numeric Response
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. When an ex–offender’s poor decision making makes adjustment problems worse
b. Handle problems with recently released offenders
c. Legal barrier to reentry
d. A small group living facility for offenders
e. The removal of a conviction
f. Violating conditions of parole
g. Act of clemency
h. Criterion for deciding whether evidence is strong enough to uphold an arrest
i. Originated in Wisconsin in 1913
j. Regulate non-criminal behavior
48. Community correctional center
d
ACOR.CLEA.16.16.08 – Describe the effectiveness of postrelease supervision.
49. Reentry courts
b
See throughout the chapter.
b
Postrelease Supervision
ACOR.CLEA.16.16.08 – Describe the effectiveness of postrelease supervision.
50. Expungement
51. Civil disability
52. Relapse process
53. Work release center
54. Probable cause
55. Technical violations
56. Conditions of release
57. Pardon
58. regulate parolee conduct that is not criminal but is thought to be linked to the possibility of future
criminality.
59. If parole is a privilege, then its process is not subject to due process or rules of evidence.
60. When a technical violation occurs, a revocation proceeding is required by the Supreme Court.
61. Three factors influence the offender’s adjustment into society, including the parole officer, the parole
bureaucracy, and the experiences of the .
62. Parole officers have to manage a heavier than is feasible in the available time and respond to
philosophies and policies.
63. The , the parole bureaucracy, and the experiences of the offender are the three forces that
influence a newly released offender’s adjustment to society.
64. About of all released offenders return to prison within three years.
65. Parolees are released from prison on condition that they follow rules designed both to aid their readjustment
to society and to .
66. The broad discretionary ________ of the parole officer is disappearing.
67. An executive act of clemency that effectively excuses the offender from suffering the consequences of
conviction is known as a .
68. Parole can be revoked for two reasons: (1) committing a new crime and (2) a ________________ violation.
69. Parole is deemed a _____________, not a guaranteed right, and thus its revocation is not subject to due process or
rules of evidence.
70. One of the greatest problems facing corrections today is __________________, referring to when people who have
been released from prison end up returning again for a new offense.
71. Three forces influence the newly released offender’s adjustment to society: the parole bureaucracy, the offender’s
experience, and the _____________.
72. The parole officer’s style has been referred to as one of the two ______________ conditions of supervision.
73. ___________ _______________ are often referred to as community correctional centers.
74. ______________ refers to an official action by the executive branch of the state or federal government formally
excusing an offense and absolving the offender of the consequences of the crime.
75. Define and explain both community supervision and revocation of community supervision. Next, list and
explain the two distinct ways parole could be revoked. Are there any inherent problems with these ways of
revocation? Be sure to fully explain your answer.
76. Imagine that you have just been released from prison after having served a period of five years. What are the
first things you will do? What problems do you expect to face upon your reentry into the community? Will it
likely be based on your family, work, or financial position that you will return to prison based on committing
additional crimes?
77. Discuss your opinion as to whether or not neighborhood notification laws for released sex offenders would
increase public safety. Do these laws make it harder for sex offenders to succeed? Why or why not? Does your
state have a current notification process? If so, what it is?
78. Define civil disability. List and explain at least three civil disabilities convicts face upon release. How does
each of these disabilities influence the possible success of a released prisoner? Which do you think is the most
difficult to overcome and why? In your opinion, if an offender has paid their debt, should they not be made
whole again as a citizen with all of their rights restored? Be sure to fully defend your stance.