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66. An overall impression of a person or situation based on one attribute, either favorable or unfavorable, is an example
of:
a.
projection.
b.
the halo effect.
c.
perceptual defense.
d.
stereotyping.
e.
attribution.
67. Josh evaluates Kandi's performance and gives her an “outstanding” based on his knowledge that she came to work
everyday earlier than anyone else and therefore she is extremely hardworking. Josh is making which of these errors in
perceptual judgment?
a.
Perceptual defense
b.
Projection
c.
Stereotyping
d.
The halo effect
e.
Figure-ground
68. The tendancy to overestimate the contribution of internal factors is part of which perceptual bias?
a.
Projection
b.
Self-serving bias
c.
The halo effect
d.
Figure ground
e.
Selective perception
69. The tendancy to overestimate the contribution of external factors is part of which perceptual bias?
a.
Projection
b.
The fundamental attribution error
c.
The halo effect
d.
Figure ground
e.
Selective perception
70. Blaming the teacher for a poor grade on an exam, and taking credit for good grades could be an example of which
perceptual bias?
a.
perceptual distortion.
b.
closure activity.
c.
the fundamental attribution error.
d.
stereotyping.
e.
perceptual grouping.
71. Frank regretfully missed an important deadline at work. His boss, George, thinks to himself, “Frank missed that
deadline because he is lazy; I really need to crack down on him more.” This is an example of what kind of attribution?
a.
External attribution
b.
Internal attribution
c.
Horizontal attribution
d.
Vertical attribution
e.
Skewed attribution
72. The tendency to overestimate the contribution of internal factors to one's successes and the contribution of external
factors to one's failures is a result of:
a.
self-serving bias.
b.
openness to experience.
c.
over stability.
d.
emotional plateau.
e.
Machiavellianism.
73. _____ refers to the set of characteristics that underlie a relatively stable pattern of behavior in response to ideas,
objects, or people in the environment.
a.
Dissonance
b.
Personality
c.
Halo effect
d.
Attitude
e.
Perception
74. The Big Five personality factors includes all of these EXCEPT:
a.
extroversion.
b.
conscientiousness.
c.
emotional stability.
d.
locus of control.
e.
agreeableness.
75. Bernice is a talkative, assertive, and sociable individual who is very comfortable with interpersonal relationships.
Which of the following is applicable to Bernice?
a.
Machiavellianism
b.
Conscientiousness
c.
Agreeableness
d.
Emotional stability
e.
Extroversion
76. Jay is a trusting and forgiving individual who gets along with others because of being good-natured and cooperative.
This describes which of the Big Five personality factors?
a.
Agreeableness
b.
Conscientiousness
c.
Emotional stability
d.
Openness to experience
e.
Extroversion
77. Which of the following refers to the degree to which a person is focused on a few goals, thus behaving in ways that
are responsible, dependable, persistent, and achievement oriented?
a.
Agreeableness
b.
Conscientiousness
c.
Emotional stability
d.
Openness to experience
e.
Extroversion
78. If Ben is tense, nervous, depressed and insecure, he would tend to be rated as low on which of these factors?
a.
Agreeableness
b.
Conscientiousness
c.
Emotional stability
d.
Openness to experience
e.
Extroversion
79. Canyon River, Inc. is looking for an individual who has a broad range of interests and is imaginative, creative,
artistically sensitive, and willing to consider new ideas. Which of these factors are they emphasizing in their search?
a.
Agreeableness
b.
Conscientiousness
c.
Emotional stability
d.
Openness to experience
e.
Extroversion
80. Traits of _____seem to be particularly important in today's collaborative organizations.
a.
likability
b.
agreeableness
c.
friendliness
d.
openness
e.
sociability
81. Which of the following refers to the tendency to place the primary responsibility for one's success or failure either
within oneself or on outside forces?
a.
Machiavellianism
b.
Emotional stability
c.
Locus of control
d.
Authoritarianism
e.
Extroversion
82. Individuals who believe that they control their own destiny are described as having a:
a.
high external locus of control.
b.
high Mach personality.
c.
low introversion characteristic.
d.
high internal locus of control.
e.
low Mach personality.
83. Jason has been unemployed for three months. When his wife asked him why he was not looking for a job, Jason
responded, "If I am lucky, I will get my old job back." Jason would be considered as having a(n):
a.
external locus of control.
b.
high conscientiousness.
c.
sensation and intuition type personality.
d.
internal locus of control.
e.
high Mach attitude.
84. People with an external locus of control are:
a.
more achievement oriented.
b.
better able to handle complex information and problem solving.
c.
more independent.
d.
easier to motivate.
e.
easier to lead.
85. Which of the following terms is the belief that power and status differences should exist within the organization?
a.
Extroversion
b.
Machiavellianism
c.
Authoritarianism
d.
Perceptual distortion
e.
Locus of control
86. Individuals high on authoritarianism have problems with:
a.
power and toughness.
b.
use of subjective feelings.
c.
sticking to conventional values.
d.
obeying recognized authority above them.
e.
critically judging others.
87. Rachel is described by her colleagues as pragmatic, super-competitive, and more likely to persuade than be persuaded.
She fits which personality category most closely?
a.
High Mach
b.
Low Mach
c.
High Feeling
d.
Low Feeling
e.
Moderate Thinking
88. Which of the following is defined as the tendency to direct much of one's behavior toward the acquisition of power
and the manipulation of others for personal gain?
a.
Authoritarianism
b.
External locus of control
c.
Introversion characteristic
d.
Machiavellianism
e.
Organizational citizenship
89. _____type people, according to Jung, would rather work with known facts and hard data and prefer routine and order
in gathering information.
a.
Feeling
b.
Gut-feel
c.
Intuitive
d.
Sensation
e.
Affective
90. Research shows that _____are predisposed to being pragmatic, capable of lying to achieve personal goals, more likely
to win in win-lose situations, and more likely to persuade than be persuaded.
a.
high introverted individuals
b.
high authoritarians
c.
high Machs
d.
low extroverted individuals
e.
low Machs
91. Which of these styles, according to Jung, avoids specifics, decentralizes decision-making and develops few rules and
regulations?
a.
Intuitive-feeling
b.
Sensation-thinking
c.
Intuitive-thinking
d.
Sensation-feeling
e.
None of these.
92. Maliah bases her judgments on impersonal analysis. To resolve problems at work, she uses reason and logic rather
than personal values or emotional aspects of the situation. In gathering information, Maliah prefers routine and order.
Based on this information, Maliah ranks highly in which Myers-Briggs category?
a.
Judging-Perceiving
b.
Intuitive-Thinking
c.
Sensation-Thinking
d.
Sensation-Feeling
e.
Intuitive-Feeling
93. Which of these styles would likely be appropriate for a counseling job?
a.
Intuitive-feeling
b.
Sensation-thinking
c.
Intuitive-thinking
d.
Sensation-feeling
e.
None of these.
94. A widely used personality test that measures how people differ on all four of Jung's sets of paired opposites is the
______.
a.
Keirsey personality test
b.
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
c.
Eysenck Personality Test
d.
Enneagram Personality Type Detector
e.
Oxford Capacity Analysis
95. When managers who express positive emotions such as happiness, enthusiasm, and appreciation trigger these same
positive emotions in employees, _____is happening.
a.
Perceptual selectivity
b.
Cognitive dissonance
c.
Contagious feeling
d.
Self-efficacy
e.
Emotion contagion
96. Managing emotion is a basic component of emotional intelligence. Which of the following best describes managing
emotions?
a.
It is the basis for all the other components; being aware of what you are feeling.
b.
It is the ability to balance one's moods so that worry, anxiety, fear, or anger do not cloud thinking.
c.
It is the ability to be hopeful and to persist in the face of obstacles.
d.
It is the ability to be able to put yourself in someone else's shoes.
e.
It is the ability to connect to others and build positive relationships.
97. A high degree of _____means you can accurately assess your own strengths and limitations and have a healthy sense
of self-confidence.
a.
self-management
b.
social cohesiveness
c.
social awareness
d.
relationship management
e.
self-awareness
98. All of the following are things bad bosses do to create stress for their subordinates EXCEPT:
a.
Bully and harass people to keep them on their toes.
b.
Create perpetual doubt about how well employees are performing.
c.
Fail to give people credit for their contributions and achievements.
d.
Impose unreasonable demands and overwhelming workloads.
e.
Tell people exactly what is expected of them.
