Chapter 13: Nutrients That Provide Energy (Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins)
1. The basal metabolic rate (BMR) refers to the calories an individual burns during physical activity.
a. True
b. False
2. Calorie-wise, swimming for 20 minutes would justify eating a large candy bar or ice cream cone.
a. True
b. False
3. Carbohydrates should satisfy the majority of an adult’s and child’s energy needs.
a. True
b. False
4. Starch, lactose, and sucrose must all be digested before the body is able to use them as an energy source.
a. True
b. False
5. A child who is not receiving an adequate source of energy from fat and carbohydrates will use protein for energy.
a. True
b. False
6. Cellulose does not qualify as a nutrient but deserves to be given serious consideration in planning a healthy diet.
a. True
b. False
7. An infant’s high-for-size energy needs are due to rapid growth.
a. True
b. False
8. Fats yield more than twice as many calories per gram than do proteins or carbohydrates.
a. True
b. False
9. Eating more fruit is an effective way to eliminate sugar from your diet.
a. True
b. False
10. Unsaturated fats are found primarily in animal-source foods.
a. True
b. False
11. All the following nutrient classes supply direct energy EXCEPT:
a. vitamins b. carbohydrates
c. proteins d. fats
12. Carbohydrates are stored in the body in the form of:
a. glycogen
b. lactose
c. sucrose
d. fatty acids
13. The most concentrated source of energy is provided by:
a. carbohydrates b. water
c. proteins d. fats
14. Sugars, starches, and some fibers are classified as:
a. vitamins b. carbohydrates
c. proteins d. fats
15. When carbohydrates are completely digested, the end products are:
a. amino acids b. fats
c. simple sugars d. fiber
16. If 50 percent of 1,800 calories is derived from carbohydrates, the diet contains of carbohydrates.
a. 200 grams b. 300 grams
c. 225 grams d. 180 grams
17. Which of the following factors accounts for the most variation in meeting a child’s total caloric needs?
a. gender
b. physical activity
c. basal metabolic rate
d. age
18. The food combination that contains the most fat is:
a. butter, milk, and olive oil
b. bread, vegetables, and meat
c. meat, milk, and eggs
d. bread, vegetables, milk, and cheese
19. The fats found in beef, lamb, poultry, and butter contain high amounts of:
a. saturated fat and cholesterol
b. polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)
c. triglycerides and cholesterol
d. unsaturated fats and cholesterol
20. Which of the following statements about fat is true?
a. children younger than two years need dietary fat for healthy growth
b. all fats are bad and should be eliminated from the adult diet
c. fats yield 4 calories per gram
d. all fats contain cholesterol
21. The thermic energy of food represents the amount of energy required to food.
a. digest b. absorb
c. metabolize d. all answers are correct
22. An overweight child should:
a. be placed on a calorie-restricted diet
b. participate in more physical activity
c. be punished for over-eating
d. not be a cause for concern as he or she will gradually outgrow this condition
23. Which of the following foods would contribute fats that are primarily unsaturated?
a. hot dogs, hamburgers, and cold cuts
b. cheese slices, fish sticks, and ice cream
c. pepperoni pizza, spaghetti and meatballs
d. black bean burrito and peanut butter
24. The amount of energy in a food is called:
a. thermic energy
b. fat
c. calories
d. gylcerol
25. Foods that would contribute the most dietary cholesterol include:
a. breads, cereals, and vegetable oils
b. dried beans and starchy vegetables
c. poultry, cheese, and milk
d. fresh fruits and breads
26. Nutrients vary in their energy value; the per gram caloric value for carbohydrates and proteins is
____________________ and for fat is ____________________.
27. Basal metabolic energy needs are determined by activities.
28. A child’s basal metabolic needs are than the energy required for voluntary physical
activity.
29. ____________________ is the least sweet sugar, and ____________________ is the sweetest of all sugars.
30. The form of carbohydrate that circulates in the blood stream (blood sugar) is called .
31. is a complex carbohydrate found in fruits and vegetables that humans are not able to
digest.
32. Individuals are encouraged to limit their intake of animal-source foods because they tend to be high in
fats and may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
33. Cholesterol is found only in -source foods.
34. Proteins must be broken down into ____________________ ____________________ before they can be used
for tissue growth and repair.
35. Plant-source oils that have been converted to a solid or semisolid form are called fats.
36. Why is it important not to restrict fat in an infant’s or toddler’s diet?
37. What benefits are associated with increasing a child’s level of physical activity?
38. Why should a child who has the genetic disease PKU not be given foods that contain aspartame, a commonly used
artificial low-calorie sweetener?
39. Why should a child younger than two-years not be given skim milk?
40. What benefits does the lactose in breast milk and formula offer for the young infant?
41. Compare the energy needs of a 45-pound, four-year-old child with the energy needs of his 120-pound mother.
Explain why the child’s energy need is greater than that of his mother’s?