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66. Jackie, a new employee of yours, strikes you as curious, open-minded, and receptive to new ideas. Keep your eye on
Jackie, for she may very well be:
a.
an outstanding performer.
b.
an individual with a high need for achievement.
c.
a satisfied employee.
d.
a creative individual.
e.
none of these.
67. Creative organizations:
a.
are characterized by an unusually high number of routine jobs.
b.
are loosely structured.
c.
have little ambiguity.
d.
have too many layers of management.
e.
use a centralized decision making approach.
68. According to BusinessWeek, in 2012, _____ was ranked as the World's Most Innovative Company.
a.
Apple
b.
Nintendo
c.
Nokia
d.
Sony
e.
Procter & Gamble
69. Which of the following provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the company can be developed
without interference from company bureaucracy or politics?
a.
An idea champion
b.
A sponsor
c.
A new-venture team
d.
An idea incubator
e.
An inventor
70. According to BusinessWeek and Boston Consulting Group, 72% of top executives reported that _____ is a top
priority.
a.
planning
b.
competition
c.
organization
d.
cooperation
e.
innovation
71. The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves creating conditions and systems to
facilitate internal and external coordination and knowledge sharing is known as _____.
a.
exploration
b.
cooperation
c.
entrepreneurship
d.
idea incubator
e.
horizontal linkage
72. Shared development of innovations among several departments is emphasized by the _____ approach to innovation
a.
vertical
b.
horizontal linkage model
c.
top down
d.
bottom-up
e.
diagonal
73. The horizontal linkage model is best applied to a:
a.
low pressure environment.
b.
stable environment.
c.
environment that requires speed.
d.
customer service environment.
e.
manufacturing environment.
74. Innovation requires the coordination that occurs with the _____ .
a.
top-down approach
b.
bottom-up approach
c.
horizontal linkage model
d.
time-based approach
e.
vertical approach
75. Today's most successful companies are including _____ directly in the product and service development process.
a.
employees
b.
internal buyers
c.
competitors
d.
customers
e.
all of these
76. Which of the following means extending the search for and commercializing new ideas beyond the boundaries of the
organization and even beyond the boundaries of the industry?
a.
An idea champion
b.
Open innovation
c.
A new-venture team
d.
An idea incubator
e.
An inventor
77. Cooltown University recently invited members of its social network group to enter a contest on YouTune to design the
best video promoting the university. This is an example of what innovative approach?
a.
Social group innovation
b.
Network innovation
c.
Techsourcing
d.
Crowdsourcing
e.
Insourcing
78. The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves managers putting in place processes and
structures to ensure that new ideas are carried forward for acceptance and implementation is known as _____.
a.
exploration
b.
cooperation
c.
innovation roles
d.
idea incubator
e.
horizontal linkage
79. Which of the following is a person who sees the need for and fights for productive change in an organization?
a.
A creative individual
b.
A catalyst
c.
An idea champion
d.
A sponsor
e.
A critic
80. Which of the following describes a person who is passionately committed to a new product of idea despite rejection by
others?
a.
An idea champion
b.
A sponsor
c.
A new-venture team
d.
A skunkwork
e.
An investor
81. Ashley has average technical skills but her real strengths lay in visualizing the benefits of other's ideas and in finding
financial and political support for these ideas. Ashley is an excellent example of a(n) _____.
a.
critic.
b.
sponsor.
c.
idea champion.
d.
inventor.
e.
bureaucrat.
82. Which of the following is(are) important role(s) to be played during the process of organizational change?
a.
The idea champion
b.
The critic
c.
The sponsor
d.
Inventor
e.
All of these
83. All of the following are characteristics of creative organizations EXCEPT_____.
a.
use of teams
b.
risk taking norms
c.
centralization
d.
long term horizon.
e.
loose controls
84. John has tremendous technical skills and frequently comes up with valuable ideas. However, he has clueless about
how to promote it within the organization. John is a good example of a(n)_____ .
a.
inventor.
b.
idea champion.
c.
sponsor.
d.
critic.
e.
an in-transition employee.
85. “The Brain” is a permanent secret group within one of the nation’s largest auto manufacturers. Members of this elite
group focus intently on developing new and innovative automobile technologies. “The Brain” can best be described as
what type of group or team?
a.
Cross-functional team
b.
Fast-cycle team
c.
Brainstorming team
d.
Skunkwork
e.
New-venture team
86. Vivian, as a vice-president of marketing, whihc is far removed from the research and development department.
However, she keeps a close eye on what is happening in R & D and tries to support good ideas whenever she can by
removing unnecessary organizational obstacles. Vivian is a good example of a(n)_____.
a.
inventor
b.
sponsor
c.
critic
d.
idea champion
e.
none of these
87. The role of the _____ is to prevent people in other roles from adopting a bad idea.
a.
critic
b.
inventor
c.
sponsor
d.
ombudsman
e.
obstructionist
88. The _____ is a unit separate from the rest of the organization responsible for the development of a major innovation.
a.
new product group
b.
matrix group
c.
new-venture team
d.
vertical group
e.
change team
89. Which variation of new venture teams is described as a small separate, informal, highly autonomous, and often
selective group that focuses on breakthrough ideas for the business?
a.
An idea champion
b.
A sponsor
c.
A new-venture team
d.
A skunkwork
e.
An inventor
90. A fund providing resources from which individuals and groups draw to develop new ideas, products, or businesses is
referred to as a _____.
a.
personal fund
b.
development fund
c.
new-venture fund
d.
change fund
e.
mutual fund
91. _____ refers to a change in the attitudes and behaviors of a few employees in the organization.
a.
Organization change
b.
Organization development
c.
People change
d.
Culture change
e.
Artifact change
92. Which of the following refers to a major shift in the norms, values, attitudes, and mindset of the entire organization?
a.
Organization change
b.
Organization development
c.
People change
d.
Culture change
e.
Artifact change
93. Jurgen is one of several middle managers sent to a training course on leadership skills. Through this effort, the
organization is attempting:
a.
organization change
b.
organization development
c.
people change
d.
culture change
e.
artifact change
94. Which of the following is defined by the text as the application of behavioral science knowledge to improve an
organization's health and effectiveness through its ability to cope with environmental changes, improve internal
relationships, and increase problem-solving capabilities?
a.
Conflict management
b.
Organizational revitalization
c.
Organizational development
d.
Organizational linkage
e.
Horizontal linkage
95. Organizational development can help managers address problems such as merger/acquisitions, conflict management,
and _____ .
a.
cultural changes
b.
force field analysis
c.
organizational productivity
d.
organizational decline/revitalization
e.
none of these
96. _____ is NOT a type of current problem that organizational development can help address.
a.
Mergers
b.
Acquisitions
c.
Diversification
d.
Organizational decline
e.
Conflict management
97. Left-Right Industries employs a diverse set of individuals with strong personalities. Unfortunately, this means that
there is a great deal of interpersonal disagreement among employees. What organizational tool would work best in this
circumstance to manage conflict?
a.
Organizational development
b.
Skunkwork
c.
Telecommuting
d.
Downsizing
e.
Small-group innovation
98. High-Low Productions recently appointed 75 employees and external stakeholders to a temporary group that would
discuss problems and opportunities, and would gather perspectives on changes that need to take place within the company.
High-Low Productions is utilizing which organizational change tool?
a.
Organizational development
b.
Skunkwork
c.
Telecommuting
d.
Focus group
e.
Large-group intervention
99. There are many organizational development activities, which are effective in solving many different problems. _____
enhances the cohesiveness and success of organizational groups.
a.
Team building
b.
Survey feedback
c.
Intergroup activities
d.
Process-Consultation activities
e.
Symbolic management
100. Which of the following is a characteristic of the large-group intervention model?
a.
Results in incremental change
b.
Learning for the small group
c.
Addresses the entire system
d.
Gradual time frame
e.
Limited distribution
101. Which of the following is an OD intervention technique in which questionnaires on organizational climate and other
factors are distributed among employees and the results reported back to them by a change agent?
a.
Team building activities
b.
Survey feedback activities
c.
Intergroup activities
d.
Process-consolidation activities
e.
Symbiotic leadership activities
102. _____ is an approach that brings together participants from all parts of the organization to discuss problems or
opportunities and plan for major change.
a.
Virtual-group intervention
b.
Traditional organization development
c.
Multi-unit intervention
d.
Strategic planning committee
e.
Large-group intervention
103. Which of the following is the reinforcement stage of organization development in which individuals acquire a
desired new skill or attitude and are rewarded for it by the organization?
a.
Refreezing
b.
Restating
c.
Unfreezing
d.
Changing
e.
Jumping
104. Which of the following is the intervention stage of organization development in which individuals experiment with
new workplace behavior?
a.
Refreezing
b.
Restating
c.
Unfreezing
d.
Changing
e.
Jumping
105. A step in the diagnosis stage of organizational development in which participants are made aware of problems is
referred to as _____,
a.
change agent
b.
changing
c.
refreezing
d.
unfreezing
e.
exercising
106. Organizational development specialists identify three distinct steps for achieving behavioral and attitudinal changes.
These are
a.
freezing, changing, and intervention.
b.
unfreezing, change agent, and freezing.
c.
unfreezing, changing, and refreezing.
d.
intervention, refreezing, and change agent.
e.
none of these.
107. At which stage of the change process do managers evaluate problems and opportunities?
a.
Monitor forces for change
b.
Need for change
c.
Initiate change
d.
Implement change
e.
Internal forces
108. _____ indicates a disparity between existing and desired performance levels.
a.
Environmental opportunity
b.
Need for change
c.
Behavioral occurrence
d.
Critical incident
e.
Organizational structural imbalance
109. The final step to be managed in the change process is:
a.
freezing
b.
implementation
c.
intervention
d.
planning change
e.
envisioning change
110. Kyle is seeing, on a regular basis, a difference between current and expected performance levels. She should begin:
a.
to gather more data.
b.
to implement change.
c.
to perceive a need for change.
d.
to change the reward system.
e.
all of these.
111. Recently, a high level manager at Trophy Trinkets noted a rise in customer satisfaction complaints. This rise is
inconsistent with Trophy's goals in this area. This manager has identified:
a.
a need for change.
b.
a critical incident.
c.
a behavioral occurrence.
d.
an environmental opportunity.
e.
a SWOT analysis.
112. Cyrus's Resort has proposed some major structural changes within their organization. Some of the employees fear
that they will lose power with the changes. They begin voicing resistance to the changes. What barrier to change are they
exhibiting?
a.
Disagreements about the benefits
b.
Self interests
c.
A lack of understanding and trust
d.
Uncertainty
e.
Goals and rewards
113. _____ is the lack of information about future events.
a.
Uncertainty
b.
Risk
c.
Worry
d.
Stress
e.
Change resistance
114. After every quarterly board meeting, Bernice's Bracelets, Inc. announces big changes. They usually do not follow
through on these changes. What is causing this lack of enthusiasm?
a.
Disagreements about the benefits
b.
Self interests
c.
A lack of trust
d.
Goals and assessments
e.
Competitors
115. You are the production manager for Connor's Construction, Inc. You decide to change the production procedure to
increase efficiency. One of your long-time foremen is resisting the change, insisting that the idea won't work. Which of
the following obstacle is he exhibiting?
a.
Different assessment and goals
b.
Uncertainty about the future
c.
A lack of trust
d.
All of these
e.
Uncertainty about the future and a lack of trust only
116. Beth's Barnyard, Inc. has decided to restructure the entire organization. You hold a meeting with your employees to
notify them of the change. You do not give them any detailed information. Which of the barriers to change would you
expect your employees to exhibit?
a.
Disagreements about the benefits
b.
Uncertainty about the future
c.
A lack of trust
d.
Fear of organizational loss
e.
All of these
117. What is force field analysis?
a.
The analysis of the forces that drive customers to a certain organization
b.
The analysis of the forces that drive the organization of a company
c.
The process of determining which forces drive and which resist a proposed change
d.
The process by which an organization forces changes to occur
e.
none of these
