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1. Organizational change refers to the adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization.
a.
True
b.
False
2. Productive innovation refers to innovations in products, services, or processes that radically change an industry’s rules
of the game for producers and consumers.
a.
True
b.
False
3. If organizations don’t successfully change and innovate, they die.
a.
True
b.
False
4. An ambidextrous approach means incorporating structures and processes that are appropriate for both the creative
impulse and for the systematic implementation of innovations.
a.
True
b.
False
5. Technology change involves the hierarchy of authority, goals, administrative procedures, and managerial systems.
a.
True
b.
False
6. A product change is a change in the organization's product or service outputs.
a.
True
b.
False
7. Exploration is the aspect of product and technology innovation that involves creating mechanisms to make sure new
ideas are carried forward, accepted, and implemented.
a.
True
b.
False
8. Creativity is the generation of novel ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for the
organization.
a.
True
b.
False
9. Confrontation, authoritarianism, and disciplined exploration are characteristics of the creative individuals.
a.
True
b.
False
10. Research shows that managers in creative companies avoid risk and experimentation.
a.
True
b.
False
11. The acceptance of mistakes, the freedom to discuss ideas, and the assignment of nonspecialists to problems are
characteristics of creative organizations or departments.
a.
True
b.
False
12. An idea incubator is in-house program that provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the
organization can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics.
a.
True
b.
False
13. The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves designing the organization to encourage
creativity and the initiation of new ideas is known as cooperation.
a.
True
b.
False
14. The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves creating conditions and systems to
facilitate internal and external coordination and knowledge sharing is known as exploration.
a.
True
b.
False
15. The horizontal linkage model is increasingly important in high pressure business environments that require rapidly
developing and commercializing products and services.
a.
True
b.
False
16. An approach to innovation that emphasizes shared development of innovations among several departments is referred
to as the horizontal linkage model.
a.
True
b.
False
17. A fast-cycle team is a multifunctional, and sometimes multinational, team that works under stringent timelines and is
provided with high levels of resources and empowerment to accomplish an accelerated product development project.
a.
True
b.
False
18. An open team is a multifunctional, and sometimes multinational, team that works under stringent timelines and is
provided with high levels of resources and empowerment to accomplish an accelerated product development project.
a.
True
b.
False
19. The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves managers putting in place processes and
structures to ensure that new ideas are carried forward for acceptance and implementation is known as entrepreneurship.
a.
True
b.
False
20. A person who sees the need for and champions productive change within the organization is called an idea champion.
a.
True
b.
False
21. Centralization and short time horizon are primarily used by creative organizations.
a.
True
b.
False
22. Skunkworks are a separate small, informal, highly autonomous, and often secretive group that focuses on
breakthrough ideas for the business.
a.
True
b.
False
23. A unit that is separate from the mainstream of the organization and is responsible for developing and initiating
innovations is called a new-venture team.
a.
True
b.
False
24. People change starts with training everyone in the organization.
a.
True
b.
False
25. Culture change pertains to the whole organization.
a.
True
b.
False
26. Culture change refers to a major shift in the norms, values, attitudes, and mindset of the entire organization.
a.
True
b.
False
27. Two specific tools that can smooth the change process include organizational development and programs for training
and development.
a.
True
b.
False
28. Training is one of the most frequently used approaches to changing people's mindsets.
a.
True
b.
False
29. Organizational development involves the application of behavioral science techniques to improve an organization's
effectiveness and success.
a.
True
b.
False
30. Mergers/acquisitions, organizational decline, and conflict management are the three types of current problems that
organizational development managers face.
a.
True
b.
False
31. Three of the most popular and effective OD activities are team building, survey feedback, and large-group
interventions.
a.
True
b.
False
32. The idea in the large group intervention is to get a sample of people who may have an interest in the organization,
gather perspectives from the selected parts of the system, and allow the sample to create a collective future.
a.
True
b.
False
33. Survey feedback enhances the cohesiveness and success of organizational groups and teams.
a.
True
b.
False
34. The traditional organization development model focuses on the entire system and learning takes place throughout the
whole organization.
a.
True
b.
False
35. Refreezing is the reinforcement stage of organization development in which individuals acquire a desired new skill or
attitude and are rewarded for it by the organization.
a.
True
b.
False
36. The three distinct steps for achieving behavioral and attitudinal change with organizational development are planning,
changing,and stabilizing.
a.
True
b.
False
37. A change agent is an OD specialist who contracts with an organization to facilitate change.
a.
True
b.
False
38. In the unfreezing step, participants must be made aware of problems and be willing to change.
a.
True
b.
False
39. After the need for change has been perceived, the next part of the change process is implementing change.
a.
True
b.
False
40. Managers and employees that are most involved in an innovation or potential change are often those that seem to
prefer the status quo.
a.
True
b.
False
41. Reasons employees resist change include self-interest, lack of understanding and trust, uncertainty, and different
assessments and goals.
a.
True
b.
False
42. Lack of understanding or trust are common reasons for resistance to change.
a.
True
b.
False
43. Change, according to Kurt Lewin, is a result of the competition between forced and unforced fields.
a.
True
b.
False
44. Forces for organizational change exist both in the external environment and within the organization.
a.
True
b.
False
45. Large cost savings from reduced inventories and labor savings by needing fewer workers to handle inventory can be
driving forces associated with the implementation of just-in-time inventory control systems.
a.
True
b.
False
46. The communication and education approach for overcoming resistance to change should be used when the change is
technical and the users need accurate information and analysis to understand change.
a.
True
b.
False
47. Two possible tactics for overcoming resistance to change are coercion and negotiation.
a.
True
b.
False
48. When a change involves multiple departments, top management support is especially important.
a.
True
b.
False
49. The disparity between existing and desired performance levels is the need for change.
a.
True
b.
False
50. A performance gap is a disparity between the performance of the company when compared with a competitor.
a.
True
b.
False
51. The adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization is known as organizational _____.
a.
change.
b.
development.
c.
structure.
d.
intervention.
e.
responsibility.
52. An example of an organizational would be:
a.
the switch to a new production method.
b.
the decision to offer a new product line.
c.
the introductions of a new pay for performance system.
d.
all of these.
e.
the switch to a new production method or the decision to offer a new product line.
53. For the compact disc industry, the advent of MP3 technology can best be described as what type of innovation?
a.
Disruptive innovation
b.
Service innovation
c.
Productive innovation
d.
Restructuring innovation
e.
Reverse innovation
54. _____ refers to innovations in products, services, or processes that radically change an industry’s rules of the game for
producers and consumers.
a.
Restructuring innovation
b.
Trickle up innovation
c.
Productive innovation
d.
Disruptive innovation
e.
Reverse innovation
55. Successful change requires that organizations be capable of both creating and implementing ideas, which means the
organization must learn to be _____.
a.
cordial
b.
rightsized
c.
ambidextrous
d.
compliant
e.
intra-focused
56. The generation of novel ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for the organization is called
_____.
a.
a search initiative
b.
creativity
c.
an ideal champion
d.
a great idea
e.
strategic analysis
57. Which of the following refers to the generation of novel solutions to perceived problems?
a.
Problem solving
b.
Organizational development
c.
Creativity
d.
Brainstorming
e.
Perceived solution
58. The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves designing the organization to encourage
creativity and the initiation of new ideas is known as _____.
a.
exploration
b.
cooperation
c.
entrepreneurship
d.
idea incubator
e.
horizontal linkage
59. _____ change is a change in the organization's product or service outputs.
a.
Technology
b.
Product
c.
Entrepreneurship
d.
Creative
e.
Incremental
60. Which of the following is a change in the manner in which an organization does its work?
a.
Technology
b.
Product
c.
Entrepreneurship
d.
Creativity
e.
Incremental
61. A _____ change is related to the organization production process.
a.
new product
b.
technological
c.
structural
d.
culture/people
e.
competitive
62. All of the following are critical innovation strategies for changing products and technologies EXCEPT _____.
a.
exploration
b.
cooperation
c.
innovation roles
d.
risk propensity
e.
all of these are critical innovation strategies
63. All of the following are characteristics of creative individuals EXCEPT _____.
a.
originality
b.
playfulness
c.
curiosity
d.
rationality
e.
open-mindedness
64. Artful Innovations Inc. operates with open channels of communication and an established suggestion system that
encourages brainstorming and freewheeling discussions. Artful Innovations can best be described as a(n)_____ type of
organization.
a.
experimental organization
b.
cooperative organization
c.
entrepreneurial organization
d.
disruptive organization
e.
creative organization
65. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a creative individual?
a.
Conceptual fluency
b.
Undisciplined exploration
c.
Persistence and focused approach
d.
Authorization and dependent
e.
All of these are characteristic of a creative individual
