Multiple Choice
1. A child who can tell his or her first name, hold up fingers to indicate his or her age,
answer “where” questions, and use short sentences such as “Me want milk” is
demonstrating the developmental milestones of a typically developing
A) 1-year-old
B) 2-year-old
C) 3-year-old
D) 4-year-old
2. The component of language that deals with rules of putting words together to form
phrases and sentences is called
A) Morphology
B) Phonology
C) Pragmatics
D) Syntax
3. A student who says, “I saw the mouses run out of the hole” is having difficulty with what
component of language?
A) Semantics
B) Phonology
C) Pragmatics
D) Morphology
4. A child says, “That apple is weally wed.” The child is having difficulty with what
component of language?
A) Semantics
B) Phonology
C) Pragmatics
D) Syntax
5. A father feeds his child green beans for lunch. After taking a bite, the child frowns, spits
the beans out, and pushes the next spoonful of beans away. This child is
A) Using morphological rules
B) Using nonlinguistic communication behaviors
C) Experiencing message distortion
D) Interpreting a communication message
6. A mild to moderate speech and language disorder
A) Is so subtle that it usually affects students’ lives inconsequentially
B) Is experienced only by a small percentage of students
C) Most often occurs secondary to pervasive cognitive disabilities
D) May have a profound effect on all aspects of a student’s life
7. The label used by the Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act (PL
108-446) for a student’s difficulty with communication is
A) Speech and language impairment
B) Communication disorder
C) Speech and language delay
D) Communication impairment
8. A 7-year-old boy with a speech impairment makes the following statement to his mother:
“I hur my han when I wan into the fence.” The boy was attempting to say ,“I hurt my
hand when I ran into the fence.” This child is demonstrating the speech production errors
of
A) Addition and substitution
B) Addition and omission
C) Substitution and distortion
D) Substitution and omission
9. A 12-year-old student who says “I-I-I-I want i-i-i-ice c-c-c-cream” is exhibiting
A) A voice disorder
B) Cluttering
C) Apraxia of speech
D) A fluency disorder
10. A child with a severe articulation disorder
A) Has speech that cannot be understood most of the time by most people
B) Has speech that cannot be understood except by family members
C) Can produce sounds but only pronounces them correctly some of the time
D) Can produce sounds but only pronounces them correctly when the child thinks he
or she is alone
11. All sounds in the English language are mastered by children by the time they reach
A) 6 years of age
B) 7 years of age
C) 8 years of age
D) 9 years of age
12. Which of the following is not associated with stuttering?
A) More males than females stutter.
B) Children who are twins are more likely to stutter.
C) Stuttering has been linked to psychological trauma.
D) Stuttering is the most common fluency disorder.
13. Alexander comes to school on the first day and speaks to the teacher, Ms. Milan. She
thinks he sounds like he is holding his nose when he speaks. Ms. Milan alerts the
speech-language pathologist, who says the student may have
A) Vocal nodules
B) A phonation disorder
C) Hyponasality
D) Hypernasality
14. The characteristic(s) of a phonation disorder include(s)
A) Too little or too much air passing through the nasal passage
B) Hoarseness, breathiness, and huskiness
C) An inability to make intelligible speech sounds
D) A disruption in the fluency of speech
15. Ariel approaches another group of children who are talking about the baseball game. She
stands very close to the children, gets close to their faces, and says, “I have two cats at
my house.” The children acknowledge her, back away a bit, and continue the
conversation about the ballgame. Ariel interrupts again, moves closer to the children, and
says, “My Siamese cat and my Persian cat belong to me, not my brother.” In what
component of language does Ariel most likely have a deficit?
A) Syntax
B) Morphology
C) Pragmatics
D) Semantics
16. A child with normal hearing who has difficulty paying attention while listening, paying
attention to the teacher when background noise is in the classroom, remembering
information presented orally, and discriminating between similar sounding words may be
demonstrating
A) A syntactic disorder
B) Aphasia
C) Apraxia of speech
D) A central auditory processing disorder
17. Approximately what percentage of preschoolers (i.e., 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds) receiving
special education have a speech and language disorder?
A) 10%
B) 30%
C) 46%
D) 75%
18. A child who was in a car accident and received head trauma developed a speech and
language problem following the accident. How would the etiology of this child’s
communication disorder be classified?
A) Aphasic
B) Developmental
C) Congenital
D) Acquired
19. Abnormalities in respiration, phonation and vocal resonance can influence which of the
following?
A) Articulation
B) Voice quality
C) Fluency
D) All of the above
20. A student with aphasia exhibits
A) Additions of speech sounds in words (e.g., likes for like)
B) Breathiness
C) An impairment of language function
D) An inability to position speech muscles to produce speech sounds
21. Which of the following scenarios is an example of a student demonstrating receptive
language?
A) The teacher tells Bob to go get a marker and bring it to her. Bob gets the marker
and takes it to the teacher.
B) Bob holds up a marker and says to the teacher, “I have a marker.”
C) The teacher tells Bob to go get a marker and bring it to her. Bob walks to the sink.
D) Bob holds up a marker and says to the teacher, “Me marker.”
22. Some of the earliest sounds to emerge in young children’s speech include
A) zh, v, z, s
B) k, g, d, t
C) p, m, h, n, w
D) ng, f, y, r, l
23. Which of the following would not be a characteristic of an expressive language disorder?
A) Difficulty formulating questions
B) Difficulty following oral directions
C) Difficulty with correct grammar usage
D) Difficulty developing vocabulary
24. When conducting an assessment of a student’s speech and language, which of the
following is conducted using a formal measure?
A) Observation of prelinguistic behaviors
B) Conversational language sample
C) Articulation test
D) Parent interview
25. If a child’s screening assessment determines that there is a possibility of a communication
disability, the next step in the assessment process is to
A) Make a referral
B) Conduct a second screening
C) Determine eligibility
D) Plan the child’s program
26. What is an appropriate educational strategy to use if a teacher wants to develop functional
language skills for a student with central auditory processing disorder?
A) Do auditory discrimination exercises (the student identifies the difference between
words such as these and please)
B) Have the student repeat oral directions after the teacher gives them
C) Have the student practice repeating sounds heard in a sequence
D) Have the student locate a sound the teacher makes in a room
27. Most students with speech and language impairments are served in
A) General education classrooms
B) Special classes targeted for students with speech-language impairments
C) Resource rooms
D) Speech therapy classrooms
28. Early intervention with young children with speech and language impairments is critical
because
A) The younger the child, the more successful the outcomes of the intervention.
B) Some interventions have been shown to be effective only with children younger
than 5 years.
C) Young children need intensive interventions in self-contained settings.
D) Federal legislation mandates young children receive early intervention services by
a speech-language pathologist.
29. Children with speech and language impairments who are second-language learners are
difficult to identify because
A) Parents are reluctant to have their children tested.
B) Reliable and valid tests used for identification are limited.
C) To be valid, tests must be conducted in the child’s second language.
D) Communication behaviors emerge at different ages in different cultures.
30. A low-tech augmentative or alternative communication device includes the use of
A) Picture symbols
B) The selection of words to generate speech
C) iPods or iPads
D) Concrete choices
31. By kindergarten, most children have a vocabulary of how many words?
A) 2,000
B) 500
C) 1,000
D) 4,000
32. “A rule–based method of communication” best sums up the definition of which of the
following terms?
A) Speech
B) Communication
C) Language
D) Phonology
33. At what age, typically, can a child tell a story?
A) 5–6
B) 8–9
C) 1–2
D) 3–4
34. Language form comprises all of the following elements except
A) Syntax
B) Phonology
C) Semantics
D) Morphology
35. Which of the following is not an example of nonlinguistic communication?
A) Rolling your eyes
B) Keyboarding
C) Nodding your head
D) Gesturing
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36. Which of the following is an example of an articulation disorder?
A) Phonation
B) Resonance
C) Stuttering
D) Distortions
37. All of the following are organs that are used in the production of speech except
A) Amygdala
B) Epiglottis
C) Uvula
D) Frenum
38. A student with a significant deficit in speech production would have which type of
disorder?
A) Phonological
B) Voice
C) Semantic
D) Syntactical
39. A cleft palate is an example of which etiological classification?
A) Functional
B) Phonological
C) Organic
D) Traumatic
40. All of the following are characteristics of children who have receptive language problems
except problems
A) With vocabulary
B) Following directions
C) Understanding figurative language
D) Responding to questions appropriately
41. Care must be taken that normative data account for individual and cultural differences
that affect language acquisition. One way to do this is through a language sample. This
type of assessment can be described as which one of the following?
A) Formal
B) Evaluative
C) Critical
D) Informal
42. The ____________ of language includes the rules governing how words are formed from
meaningful units.
A) Syntax
B) Phonology
C) Morphology
D) Semantics
43. The three basic types of speech impairments are _______, _______, and _______.
A) Articulation disorders, voice disorders, fluency disorders
B) Aphasia, apraxia, articulation
C) Resonance, phonation, nasality
D) Central auditory processing disorder, developmental delay, receptive disorder
44. Speech and language problems resulting from a child contracting meningitis are an
example of a(n) _______ communication disorder.
A) Preventable
B) Developmental
C) Congenital
D) Acquired
45. Students with expressive language problems may have difficulty ________.
A) Producing age-appropriate vocabulary
B) Following oral directions
C) Responding to questions appropriately
D) Understanding humor
46. Aphasia is ________.
A) Impairment in positioning the speech muscles
B) Inability to hear speech sounds
C) Errors in the production of speech sounds
D) Loss or impairment of language function
Objective: 11.5: Distinguish between functional and organic causes of speech and language
impairments.
47. Sign language and communication boards are examples of
A) Augmentative communication devices
B) Alternative communication devices
C) AAC[AQ: Please define “AAC”]
D) All of the above
48. A child has a vocabulary of approximately 1,000 words around __________ years of age.
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
49. ___________ is the exchange of ideas, information, thoughts, and feelings.
A) Speech
B) Vocabulary
C) Communication
D) Language
50. Articulation disorders include all of the following except
A) Substitutions
B) Repetitions
C) Omissions
D) Additions