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d.
Equal justice
56. Ethical issues surface in all parts of the justice system. Why are ethical standards so important in criminal justice?
a.
Agents of the criminal justice system have access to citizens’ most personal information, raising concerns of
privacy and confidentiality.
b.
Justice system personnel may work in an environment where moral ambiguity is widespread.
c.
Without ethical decision making, it is possible that individual civil rights and liberties would suffer.
d.
Ethical standards are important in the justice system for all these reasons.
57. Whichis considered the primary ethical concern of prosecutors?
a.
Discretion and morality
b.
Handling both the aggravating and mitigating circumstances of the crime.
c.
The adversarial system of justice in the United States.
d.
Their dual role as representative of the people and officer of the court.
58. Which courtroom work group member experiences the ethical concern of having obligations to his/her client and the
profession?
a.
Defense attorney
b.
Prosecutor
c.
Bail bondsman
d.
Judge
59. What percentage of incidents of sexual violence in prison involved staff-on-inmate sexual misconduct?
a.
75%
b.
10%
c.
20%
d.
40%
60. In which century did police agencies begin to appear in the United States?
a.
seventeenth
b.
eighteenth
c.
nineteenth
d.
sixteenth
61. Using evidence justice, what does the research say about school-based drug education programs?
a.
The track record of school-based drug education programs has proven to be highly effective.
b.
The track record of school-based drug education programs has proven to fail.
c.
The track record of school-based drug education programs has proven to be spotty at best.
d.
There has been no research on school-based drug education programs.
62. Which of the following is society’s instrument of social control?
a.
The Criminal Justice System
b.
Families Institutions
c.
The Educational System
d.
Religious Institutions
63. Which branch of government defines the law by determining what conduct is prohibited and establishes
criminal penalties for those who violate the law?
a.
Judicial
b.
Correctional
c.
Executive
d.
Legislative
64. Which branch of government interprets existing laws and determines whether they meet constitutional requirements?
a.
Correctional
b.
Executive
c.
Judicial
d.
Legislative
65. Which branch of government is responsible for the day-to-day operation of justice agencies?
a.
Correctional
b.
Legislative
c.
Judicial
d.
Judicial
66. Which branch of government oversees criminal justice practices and has the power to determine whether existing
operations fall within the bounds of the U.S. Constitution?
a.
Executive
b.
Legislative
c.
Judicial
d.
Correctional
67. Which component of the criminal justice system has the largest budgets?
a.
Police
b.
Judicial
c.
Executive
d.
Correctional
68. According to the criminal justice assembly line model, what is moved down the conveyor belt?
a.
Cases
b.
Detectives
c.
Laws
d.
Statutes
69. To what can the criminal justice process be compared?
a.
Catapult
b.
Funnel
c.
Slingshot
d.
Spiral
70. To what criminal punishment are people convicted of Level III crimes typically sentenced?
a.
Death penalty
b.
Fines
c.
Prison
d.
Probation
A local police department is noticing that there is an increase in the number of serious felonies that are being
committed. The department forms a task force to assess the extent of the problem. Officers from the detective
bureau, the vice squad, and the crime analysis division meet to discuss the problem and begin investigating these
crimes.
71. After investigating the crimes for over amonth, the task force is able to execute ten arrest warrants.Eight of
the offenders are apprehended and arrested. Who is responsible for formally charging the suspects with a specific criminal
act?
a.
Bailiff
b.
Defense attorney
c.
Judge
d.
Prosecutor
72. The task force determines that the most common crimes being committed are robberies and burglaries in whichthe
typical amount stolen from each home is approximately $10,000. The officers realize that they are dealing with
professionals. At which level on the criminal justice wedding cake do these crimes fall?
a.
Level I
b.
Level II
c.
Level III
d.
Level IV
73. One of the officers on the task force expresses his frustration with the criminals who are committing these crimes. He
believes that the police department needs to work aggressively to apprehend these offenders, and that society must be
protected from them through harsh punishment. What perspective is this officer promoting?
a.
Crime control
b.
Due process
c.
Nonintervention
d.
Rehabilitation
74. Another officer expresses that those committing these crimes are probably doing so as an expression of frustration and
anger created by social inequality. In his view, what is needed?
a.
Crime control
b.
Due process
c.
Nonintervention
d.
Rehabilitation
75. The_________________ is a federal agency that provided technical assistance and hundreds of millions of dollars in
aid to state and local justice agencies between 1969 and 1982.
76. The_________________ defines the law by determining what conduct is prohibited and establishes criminal penalties
for those who violate the law.
77. It currently costs federal, state, and local governments more than $___________ billion per year for civil and criminal
justice.
78. When prosecutors decide to take no further action after conducting a preliminary investigation of the legal matters of a
case it is referred to as a (n) ____________________.
79. The______________________ is the term used to describe the process through which large numbers of cases
are systematically filtered out of the formal criminal justice process.
80. The_____________________is comprised of the prosecutor, defense attorney, judge, and other court personnel who
function to streamline the process of justice through the extensive use of plea bargaining and other trial alternatives.
81. Millions of misdemeanors, such as disorderly conduct, shoplifting, public drunkenness, and minor assault comprise
Level________________of the criminal justice "wedding cake" which are handled by lower courts in an assembly-line
fashion.
82. Decriminalization, deinstitutionalization, and pretrial diversion are favored by those adhering to the _____ perspective
83. The goal of the______________________perspective is to enable the offender to appreciate the damage caused
to society and to the victim, to make amends, and to be reintegrated into the community.
84. Advocates of the______________________ perspective argue that the greatest concern of the justice system should
be providing fair and equitable treatment to those accused of crime.
85. _______________ uses scientific method to determine whether criminal justice programs actually reduce crime rates
and offender recidivism.
86. A society’s ability to control individual behavior in order to serve the best interests and welfare of the society as
awhole is known as ________________.
87. The purpose of the criminal__________________ is to gather enough evidence to identify a suspect and support
a legal arrest.
88. The ___________________________ is the principle that in order to make an arrest in a misdemeanor, the
arresting officer must have personally witnessed the crime being committed.
89. The____________________ is responsible for investigating alleged crimes, examining evidence, and
issuing indictments.
90. __________has provided a mechanism for the frustrated to vent their anger, for business leaders to maintain
their position of wealth and power, and for those outside the economic mainstream to take a shortcut to the American
dream.
Johnny was arrested for robbery. In his state robbery, is a second-degree felony, and Johnny can be sentenced to
up to 20 years in prison. Johnny has never been arrested before and is not familiar with the criminal justice
system.
91. If the arresting officer believes that sufficient evidence exists to charge Johnny with a crime to whom will the
case be turned over next?
A. Defense attorney
B. Judge
C. Jury
D. Prosecutor
92. At what stage will the prosecution file a charging document against Johnny before a lower trial court?
A. Investigation
B. Charging
C. Preliminary hearing
D. Plea bargaining
93. In some jurisdictions, the grand jury will determine whetherthere is sufficient evidence to support the
continued prosecution of a suspect. If the grand jury, in Johnny’s case, determines there is sufficient evidence they
will issue a true bill of:
A. attainder
B. certiorari
C. indictment
D. prosecution
94. Johnny was presented with the option of a reduction of his charges from a robbery to a burglary, and a sentence of 5
years in prison instead of 20. This is an example of a plea bargain. What percentage of criminal cases are settled with a
plea bargain?
A. 25
B. 50
C. 70
D. 90
In Florida, Chapter 782.04 of the Florida State Statutes explains the crime of murder. Section 1 of the statute
reads:782.04 Murder.—(1)(a) The unlawful killing of a human being:When perpetrated from a premeditated
design to effect the death of the person killed or any human being.
95. Which branch of government defined this law, determined that this is conduct that is prohibited, and established the
criminal penalties for those who violate this law?
A. Legislative
B. Judicial
C. Executive
D. Correctional
96. Which branch of government is responsible for enforcing this statue?
A. Legislative
B. Judicial
C. Executive
D. Police
97. Which agency in the criminal justice system is responsible for the adjudication of the case if Samantha has
been arrested and charged with thecrime of murder?
A. Police
B. Courts
C. Corrections
D. Legislature
98. How was crime present following the Civil War in the West?
99. Utilizing the concept of evidence-based justice discuss, which criminal justice programs are effective inreducing crime
rates and offender recidivism.
100. Describe the main components of the contemporary criminal justice system.
101. Discuss the steps in the formal criminal justice system.
102. Discuss the criminal justice system as an assembly-line model and the potential negative consequences of this on
society.
103. Compare and contrast the crime control perspective of criminal justice withthe due process perspective of criminal
justice.
104. List and discuss the levels of Walker’s “wedding cake” model of justice.
105. Discuss the nonintervention perspective and the restorative justice perspective on criminal justice.
106. Discuss the responsibilities of the three branches of government and how they impact the criminal justice system.
107. Discuss through the use of examples why ethics are important at each stage of the criminal justice system.
108. Discuss the scope of the contemporary criminal justice system.
109. Explain the five unifying principles associated with evidence-based justice and provide examples of each.
110. Discuss the attrition of criminal cases by explaining the criminal justice funnel.
