The newborn’s capacity to imitate
A)has primarily been observed in Western cultures.
B)disappears by two weeks of age.
C)has been demonstrated in many ethnic groups and cultures.
D)is limited to tongue protrusions.
Andre received a combined Apgar score of 5. This means that Andre
A)is in good physical condition.
B)needs assistance in establishing breathing and other vital signs.
C)is in serious danger and should receive emergency medical attention.
D)was in danger at birth, but quickly recovered and is now in good physical condition.
By age 3, children with a history of parental criticism
A)give up easily when faced with challenges.
B)are usually nonemotional after failing.
C)are nonetheless enthusiastic and highly motivated.
D)seek approval and anticipate it.
Compared to their elementary school teachers, students say middle school teachers
A)care less about them.
B)are friendlier.
C)care more about them.
D)grade more fairly.
Studies involving genetic influences on sexual orientation indicate that
A)male homosexuality tends to be more common on the paternal than on the maternal side
of families.
B)fraternal twins are more likely than identical twins to share a homosexual orientation.
C)adoptive relatives are just as likely as biological relatives to share a homosexual
orientation.
D)gay brothers often have an identical segment of DNA on the X chromosome.
Research on both first- and second-language learning reveals
A)a biologically based timeframe for optimum language development.
B)that second-language processing is more lateralized in younger than in older learners.
C)that language development is optimal after brain lateralization has occurred.
D)that the right hemisphere of the brain is biased for language processing.
Researchers who followed a large, representative sample of U.S. youths from ages 9 to 17
found that
A)daily free-time physical activity declined with age, more so for girls than boys.
B)at every age, a majority of participants engaged in regular exercise outside of school
hours.
C)daily free-time physical activity increased for both sexes until age 13, then declined.
D)throughout adolescence, girls exceeded boys in regular daily exercise.
Kyle enjoys construction and carpentry. Which of the following personality types best
describes him?
A)conventional
B)enterprising
C)investigative
D)realistic
A recent study that tracked changes in students’ academic orientation in math classes from
seventh to eighth grade showed that those who entered classes that emphasized
competition and public comparison of students
A)reported that school was more interesting and challenging..
B)showed increased perseverance and improved study habits.
C)showed declines in motivation and self-regulation.
D)displayed increased attendance and achievement.
Owen applies logic more effectively to ideas he doubts than to ideas he favors. Owen is
showing evidence of
A)scientific reasoning skills.
B)metacognitive understanding.
C)propositional thought.
D)a self-serving bias.
Serious antisocial activity is most likely among teenagers who
A)express sadness and feeling low.
B)engage in corumination with their friends.
C)are withdrawn and unable to meet their own standards.
D)combine physical and relational hostility.
Eleven-year-old Nathan first grasped conservation of number, followed by length,
liquid, mass, and then weight. This limitation of concrete operational thinking is known
as
A)transitive inference.
B)continuum of acquisition.
C)adaptability.
D)conservation of thought.
Natalie and James are fraternal twins. Their parents should expect that James will reach
puberty __________ Natalie.
A)at the same time as
B)slightly later than
C)two years later than
D)two years earlier than
Which of the following children is most likely to have a sense of industry?
A)Erika, who has an overly high self-concept
B)Tak, who gets along with older children, but does not cooperate with agemates
C)Thayer, who has a positive but realistic self-concept
D)Kumi, who has little confidence in her abilities
The rise in fear after 6 months
A)keeps newly mobile babies’ enthusiasm for exploration in check.
B)enables the infant to overcome obstacles.
C)prevents the child from displaying the social smile.
D)gives the infant a sense of shame and doubt.
Professor Story is interested in studying the strategies children use to acquire new
knowledge in reading. The best design for Professor Story to use would be the
__________ design.
A)longitudinal
B)microgenetic
C)cross-sectional
D)sequential
More than 90 percent of U.S. young people
A)who drop out of school do not return.
B)who drop out of school are unemployed.
C)complete high school by age 24.
D)earn a college degree.
When college students tackle challenging, ill-structured problems,
A)it is best if the professor leads students through the problem step-by-step.
B)interaction among individuals who are roughly equal in authority and knowledge is
beneficial.
C)students do their best work alone so they can focus on understanding the purpose of the
problem.
D)the most successful solutions are developed by groups headed by a student expert.
Brianna was born seven weeks premature. She has respiratory distress syndrome. Her
parents can expect the hospital to use
A)a head-cooling device.
B)whole-body cooling.
C)a mechanical respirator.
D)”kangaroo care.”