The United States has experienced a(n) __________ in divorces over the past fifteen years,
largely due to __________.
A)increase; increases in family size
B)increase; heightened economic stress
C)decline; improved economic stability
D)decline; a rise in the age at first marriage
At birth, Megan weighed 9.5 pounds. Research shows that she is at an increased risk of
__________ in adulthood.
A)diabetes
B)lung cancer
C)breast cancer
D)stroke
Rewarding children for __________ leads to greater liking for physical activity.
A)time spent exercising
B)reducing sedentary time
C)eating smaller portions
D)documenting caloric intake
Research that combines a(n) __________ strategy with a __________ approach, with the
aim of augmenting development, is becoming increasingly common because it permits
both correlational and causal inferences.
A)longitudinal; sequential
B)experimental; longitudinal
C)cross-sectional; microgenetic
D)correlational; experimental
Research reveals that deaf children
A)reared in language-deficient environments do not develop any language skills.
B) whose parents discourage signing are more likely than signing children to develop a
rich language environment.
C)can generate an intricate natural language, even when reared in language-deficient
environments.
D)of hearing parents are more cognitively advanced than deaf children of deaf parents.
Children experience a somewhat higher rate of illness during the first two years of
elementary school than later, because of
A)exposure to sick children and a immune system that is still developing.
B)a lack of immunizations required for school entry.
C)poor hygiene and a lack of preventative measures in schools.
D)increased contact with unfamiliar foods in school lunches.
Most U.S. adults plan to have
A)no children.
B)one child.
C)no more than two children.
D)at least three children.
Follow-up research on deferred imitation demonstrates that older infants and toddlers
A)are more likely to imitate accidental behaviors than purposeful behaviors.
B)can imitate rationally, by inferring others’ intentions.
C)do not yet use intentional means-end action sequences.
D)cannot yet imitate actions that an adult produces.
A 10-year-old’s reaction time is __________ a 5-year-old’s.
A)half as fast as
B)about equal to
C)twice as fast as
D)five times as fast as
Current evidence on bonding shows that
A)the human parent-infant relationship depends on what happens during a sensitive period
immediately after birth.
B)the human parent-infant relationship does not depend on a precise, early period of
togetherness.
C)skin-to-skin contact between parent and baby is vital for the parent to feel affection and
concern for the infant.
D)adoptive parents have difficulty developing warm relationships when the infant enters
the family months after birth.
During the __________ phase of the __________ period of vocational development, an
individual typically gathers more information about possibilities that blend with his or her
personal characteristics.
A)exploration; fantasy
B)exploration; tentative
C)crystallization; realistic
D)exploration; realistic
Charlene believes that her daughter’s ability to think in complex ways is largely the result
of a built-in timetable of growth. Charlene’s view emphasizes
A)nurture.
B)nature.
C)plasticity.
D)early experiences.
Ten percent of U.S. school-age children suffer from nocturnal enuresis, which refers to
A)nightmares.
B)bedwetting during the night.
C)a brief period when breathing stops temporarily.
D)fear of the dark.
As teenagers become certain that others are observing and thinking about them, they
develop a feeling that they are special and unique. This aspect of adolescent thought is
called
A)propositional reasoning.
B)the imaginary audience.
C)the personal fable.
D)role assessment.
According to Rothbart, individuals differ not just in their reactivity on each dimension but
also in
A)effortful control.
B)self-concept.
C)goodness of fit.
D)interactional synchrony.