Which period was marked with tool industries including long slim blades and an
explosion of creative symbolic forms?
a. Lower Archaic
b. Contemporary Modern
c. Lower Paleolithic
d. Middle Paleolithic
e. Upper Paleolithic
All of the following are associated with social impact assessments in the U.S. except:
a. the purpose of the assessment is to determine whether the project will have a positive
or negative impact on the immediate community.
b. the social impact assessment is required in the U.S. for any projects using federal
funds.
c. the assessment is considered part of the environmental review process.
d. anthropologists do not frequently participate in social impact assessments.
e. the assessment should address how the impact will occur on the community.
Because Nayar women live with their dependent offspring and their brothers, they are
considered what type of family?
a. Conjugal
b. Affinal
c. Consanguineal
d. Nuclear
e. Patrilateral
Among Australian aborigines, the ancestors’ tracks on the earth are known in song as
a. dreamlines.
b. songlines.
c. little songs.
d. journey songs.
e. echoes.
Which of the following statements about the Nayar is correct?
a. When a Nayar girl reaches the age of menstruation, she leaves her home and goes to
live with her husband.
b. The Nayar girl’s brother is always considered the legal father and primary supporter
of her children.
c. The men with whom a Nayar woman enters into formalized sexual relationships
become obligated to support her and her children economically.
d. A man must give a Nayar girl gifts three times a year to formalize the sexual
relationship.
e. The Nayar women raise their female children, while the Nayar men raise the male
children.
In the current digital age, there are common associations based on virtual communities,
including Facebook, which has approximately how many subscribers worldwide?
a. 3 billion
b. 1 billion
c. 750 million
d. 500 million
e. 50 million
One of the largest desecrations of religious sites occurred during the Cultural
Revolution of the 1960s in China.
An alternative to the concept of national character is
a. modal personality.
b. core values.
c. stereotyping.
d. group personality.
e. independence training.
As modernization occurs, all of the following changes are likely to follow except:
a. increase in literacy.
b. decrease in the role of religion.
c. kinship plays a less significant role.
d. movement from commercial farming to subsistence production.
e. social mobility increases.
Which of the following statements is correct?
a. Yams are eaten at every meal once harvest season occurs.
b. A family gets all of its yams from the husband’s sister’s family.
c. Once harvested, yams are not usually eaten as daily food.
d. All men sponsor a yam competition as a puberty ritual.
e. Women are never allowed to handle or distribute yams.
As part of your job, you may study the frequency of blood types in human populations,
or watch the behavior of monkeys and apes, or dig for early hominid bones in East
Africa. You are a/an:
a. ethnologist.
b. primatologist.
c. ethnographer.
d. physical anthropologist.
e. cultural anthropologist.
Which of the following includes definitions and explanations of objects, spatial
orientation, and temporal orientation, as well as culturally defined values, ideals, and
standards that provide an individual with a normative orientation?
a. Vital self
b. Tabula rasa
c. Behavioral environment
d. Patterns of affect
e. Core values
Bands and tribes are both
a. centralized forms of leadership.
b. associated with early industrialism.
c. dependent on age groups for political organization
d. uncentralized and egalitarian.
e. hierarchical in social organization.
What is the “Gini Index”?
a. An index that measures the cost and profit of the largest megacorporations in the
world; this index calculates the value and cost of each corporation
b. An income inequality index that measures how much disparity in income exists
within a country
c. An index which calculates how much pollution is expelled per person within a
country
d. A way of measuring global caloric output and distribution of food as a way of
predicting malnutrition and obesity worldwide
e. An index that is used by the United Nations as a way of evaluating the political
situation in each country; those with higher numbers on the index are more prone to
human rights abuses
Experts predict that in the U.S., the population reaching elder status (senior citizens of
65 years and older) will grow to about _____ million by 2030.
a. 120
b. 100
c. 90
d. 70
e. 40
The Bakhtiari are pastoralist nomads who shepherd their herds throughout the Iran-Iraq
border area.
United Nations declared the period from 2003 to 2012 as the _____ Decade.
a. Technology
b. Communication
c. Paralanguage
d. Illiteracy
e. Literacy
Pluralistic societies have a tendency to fragment along the lines of which type of
differences?
a. Culinary
b. Linguistic
c. Institutional
d. Kinship
e. Economic
Why did the community of Mallku Khota protest so vigorously against the South
American Silver Association?
a. They were concerned that the mining operation would ruin their land
b. They were not allowed to have shares in the corporation and so could not benefit
from market success
c. They felt that the hiring processes of the corporation were discriminatory
d. They were opposed to foreign ownership of Bolivian corporations
e. They were not paying wages that equaled that of American workers
Detailed census records made in Roman Egypt show that brother-sister marriages
among members of the non-royal farming class were common. What light does this
shed on the incest taboo?
a. It proves that there is a biological basis for avoidance of inbreeding among humans.
b. It proves that incest is committed only among royalty and is done in order to preserve
the bloodlines.
c. It demonstrates that despite the human tendency to avoid inbreeding, it occasionally
occurs and may even be preferred.
d. It supports Freud’s psychoanalytic theory of the universality of the Oedipus complex.
e. It shows that humans are no different from chimpanzees.
Pirate gangs based out of Somalia are thought to be bankrolled and supplied with arms
and supplies by
a. stolen gold from Somalia.
b. stolen gems from Africa.
c. their families.
d. Tanzanian arms dealers.
e. Somali investors living overseas.
Which cultural group recognizes the eruv as a religious living space?
a. Fundamentalist Muslims
b. Orthodox Jews
c. Evangelical Baptists
d. Reformed Jews
e. Calvinists
Which tool would you not expect to find among horticulturalists?
a. Digging stick
b. Carrying containers
c. Axe
d. Plow
e. Hoe
A system of communication using sounds, gestures, or marks that are put together in
meaningful ways according to a set of share rules is called a(n)
a. signal set.
b. language.
c. code.
d. linguistic system.
e. analogue.
The most present threat to the Shuar people in the 1960s that precipitated cultural
changes was
a. disease.
b. imminent land loss.
c. gold mining.
d. drop in corn prices.
e. beginning of oil drilling on their lands.
Jane Goodall is best known for her conservation work among the mountain gorillas in
Rwanda.
“Culture at a distance” is an approach in anthropology that allowed the study of other
cultures through all of the following except:
a. interviews with immigrants.
b. foreign films and newspapers.
c. photographs.
d. on-location ethnographic fieldwork.
e. literature.
Which of the following statements is not an example of linguistic nationalism?
a. You are a Spanish-speaking person in the U.S., but want your children to use English
so they will fit in more easily with the surrounding society.
b. A national committee in France declares that certain widely used terms will no longer
be allowed to appear in public print because they are not French.
c. You live in Scotland and are so alarmed by the rapid decline in the number of people
speaking Gaelic that you start a school in which all subjects are taught in Gaelic.
d. The southern part of India declares itself a separate country called Tamiland (the land
of the people who speak Tamil) in defiance of India’s declaration of Hindi as the
national language
e. A country previously colonized by the British passes a law requiring everyone to
speak the native tongue; English is banned because of its association with colonial
domination.
A society is held together by a shared sense of identity and worldview. This collective
body of ideas allows a society to make sense of the world, its challenges, and
opportunities. It is known as
a. infrastructure.
b. cultural relativism.
c. superstructure.
d. religion.
e. structure.
The new term for salvage ethnography is
a. contemporary ethnography.
b. urgent anthropology.
c. critical anthropology.
d. fieldwork anthropology.
e. historical anthropology.
The group of primates that includes all living and extinct apes and humans is called
a. anthropoid.
b. hominid.
c. hominoid.
d. humanoid.
e. archaeopoid.
Another name for an ethnic psychosis is a
a. mental ethnic syndrome.
b. culture psychosis.
c. biomedicine.
d. culture-bound syndrome.
e. ethnic abnormality.
Food producers who specialize in animal husbandry, and who consider their way of life
to be ideal and central to defining their identities, are called
a. food foragers.
b. horticulturalists.
c. agriculturalists.
d. pastoralists.
e. industrialists.
Describe the concept of core values, and give an example.
Answer:Will vary
Progress is a term that is often used by anthropologists who are involved in applied
research working to improve the lives of indigenous peoples.
Economic behavior can be analyzed in purely economic terms without ignoring crucial
noneconomic considerations.
How are girls initiated into Mende society?
Answer:Will vary
Totemism is associated with clan organizations.
What occurred with humans during the Lower Paleolithic?
Answer:Will vary
Name the four fields (subdisciplines) of anthropology and briefly describe each one.
Answer:Will vary
Why is marriage a central concern of society?
Answer:Will vary
What is evolutionary medicine, and what can it contribute to our understanding of
human health today?
Answer:Will vary
Explain the difference between patrilateral parallel-cousin marriage and matrilineal
cross-cousin marriage.
Answer:Will vary
President Barack Obama’s mother worked extensively in Kenya and South Africa as an
anthropologist.
Since their appearance some 5,000 years ago, states have proven to be stable political
systems.
What is the role of ritual in religious belief systems?
Answer:Will vary
Discuss anthropologists’ theories regarding the origin of language.
Answer:Will vary
As one organizing factor in music, whether regular of irregular, rhythm may be more
important than tonality. Explain why this is so.
Answer:Will vary
What is ethnomusicology?
Answer:Will vary
The word “myth,” as used by anthropologists, means something that is widely believed
to be true but probably is not.
Without controlled use of fire, it is unlikely that early humans could have migrated to
most areas of Europe.