Television programs with __________ are associated with improved executive function,
greater recall of program content, gains in vocabulary and reading skills, and more
elaborate make-believe play.
A)action-packed storytelling
B)quick, disconnected bits of information
C)slow-paced and easy-to-follow narratives
D)a spoken summary of the lessons learned at the end
Kelsey, age 10, is impulsive. During school, he drops his pencil, rearranges the papers
inside his desk, and yells at people across the room. Kelsey fails to follow the rules
when he plays games and lashes out with hostility when he is frustrated. He suffers
from both academic and social problems. Kelsey most likely has
A)Down syndrome.
B)an anxiety disorder.
C)autism.
D)attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
In an Israeli study of seventh to ninth graders, after controlling for participants’ age,
researchers found that
A)if individuals are capable of formal operational thought, they display it often in
everyday life.
B)only a small percentage of very intelligent people are capable of formal operational
thought.
C)years of schooling fully accounted for early adolescent gains in propositional thought.
D)years of schooling did not contribute to early adolescent gains in propositional thought.
Which of the following adolescent mothers is most likely to break the intergenerational
cycle of adolescent parenthood?
A)Prudence, who marries her daughter’s father
B)Heidi, who does not provide her son with age-appropriate toys
C)Natalia, who does not earn her high school diploma
D)Emma, who is unmarried and has a part-time job
Which of the following statements about concussion injuries is true?
A)Concussions can have lasting effects on cognitive and emotional functioning.
B)Compared to adults, adolescents require less recovery time.
C)Concussions among high school athletes declined during the past decade.
D)If tended to immediately, athletes can safely return to play shortly after a concussion.
Sexual maturation is controlled by __________ and __________.
A)androgens; estrogens
B)estrogens; insulin
C)adrenal androgens; melatonin
D)testosterone; cortisol
The cortical regions with the most extended period of development are the __________
lobes.
A)occipital
B)frontal
C)temporal
D)parietal
In classical conditioning, if learning occurs, the neutral stimulus is then called a(n)
A)unconditioned response.
B)neutral response.
C)conditioned stimulus.
D)conditioned response.
Seven-year-old Matthew and 14-year-old Molly have been living with their father since
their parents’ divorce two years ago. If their father remarries, you would expect
__________ to react negatively to the remarriage.
A)neither Matthew nor Molly
B)both Matthew and Molly
C)Molly, but not Matthew,
D)Matthew, but not Molly,
Each rung of the DNA ladder
A)is made up of thousands of chromosomes.
B)contains 20,000 genes.
C)consists of a pair of chemical substances called bases.
D)contains 23 matching pairs.
Which of the following statements is supported by research on aggression?
A)By age 17 months, girls are more physically aggressive than boys.
B)In early childhood, verbal aggression gradually replaces physical aggression.
C)Girls less often use indirect relational tactics that extend for hours, weeks, or even
months
D)Parents respond far more negatively to physical fighting in boys than they do in girls.
Baby Andre accidentally knocks a toy hung on his crib. Over the next several days, Andre
tries to repeat this effect, gradually forming a “hitting” scheme. In Piaget’s theory, this is an
example of a
A)reflexive scheme.
B)primary circular reaction.
C)secondary circular reaction.
D)tertiary circular reaction.
Carmen is prematurely delivering her baby at 28 weeks. The baby will probably
A)not survive.
B)need oxygen assistance to breathe.
C)experience intense pain.
D)spend the next few weeks with no periods of alertness.
John Holland identified six __________ that affect vocational choice.
A)intrinsic talents
B)personality types
C)environmental factors
D)vocational paths
In the United States, 57 percent of television programs
A)are falsely labeled as educational programming.
B)portray punishment being dealt out for aggressive acts.
C)completely avoid both verbally and relationally aggressive acts.
D)between 6 A.M. and 11 P.M. contain violent scenes.
Sophia’s parents will not allow her to eat any sugary foods. This practice will most likely
A)prompt Sophia to eat more healthy foods.
B)have no effect on Sophia’s eating behavior.
C)focus Sophia’s attention on sugary foods.
D)decrease Sophia’s desire to eat sugary foods.
As humans and mammals become more sexually mature, neurons
A)continue to reproduce in the prefrontal cortex.
B)selectively respond to pleasurable stimuli.
C)experience a growth spurt in the generation of new synapses.
D)become more responsive to excitatory neurotransmitters.
Appreciation of __________ enables children to pinpoint the reasons that another
person arrived at a certain belief.
A)theory of mind
B)second-order false belief
C)elaboration
D)cognitive self-regulation
Eighteen-month-old Jazmin is offered sets of animal crackers. Each set contains 1, 2, or
4 crackers. Jazmin consistently picks the set with the most pieces, displaying a
beginning grasp of
A)cardinality.
B)estimation.
C)ordinality.
D)functionality.