1) which does not occur in telophase?
a. cytokinesis is under way.
b. the nuclear envelope is being reconstructed.
c. the centromeres split apart.
d. chromosomes de-condense into chromatin.
e. the nucleolus reforms.
incorrect
2) which of the following reflect(s) the likely presence of (a) gene mutation(s)?
a. fruit flies subjected to intense radiation produce a wider array of variable offspring.
b. a chemical leaking from the surface of an old abandoned coal mine alters a
regulatory gene so that a cricket nymph develops an extra set of eyes.
c. the bacteria that cause gonorrhea, a common sexually transmitted disease, have
previously been killed by penicillin; however, after continuous usage of the antibiotic,
penicillin-resistant strains are now becoming prevalent.
d. radiation causes an alteration in a dna nucleotide sequence, which is discovered when
mapped, but which appears to be neither increasing nor decreasing in successive
generations.
e. all of the choices are correct.
3) which organ system does not play a role in acquiring materials and energy?
a. cardiovascular
b. skeletal
c. muscular
d. digestive
4) which of the following is not offered as evidence in support of the endosymbiotic
theory, the belief that a eukaryotic cell has evolved as a “committee” of prokaryotic
cells?
a. mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in size and structure to some species of
bacteria.
b. the ribosomes of chloroplasts and mitochondria are similar to bacteria.
c. mitochondria and chloroplasts can actively break away from eukaryotic cells and live
on their own.
d. mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own dna coding separate from the
eukaryotic nucleus.
e. all of the choices offer support of the endosymbiotic theory.
incorrect
5) which statement is not true about the human respiratory system?
a. the glottis is closed by the forward movement of the soft palate during swallowing.
b. the glottis is the passageway through the larynx by which air enters the trachea.
c. food and air both enter the pharynx, presenting a potential danger to respiration.
d. air reaching the lungs has been warmed to body temperature by passage through the
nose and upper respiratory passageways.
e. cilia and hairs in the nose help to filter out foreign materials in the air.
6) soil consists of
a. a mixture of soil particles of different sizes.
b. both living organisms and decaying organic material.
c. air and water.
d. all of these are components that define soil.
7) what were the major disadvantages of our early ancestors becoming bipedal?
a. lower back problems developed.
b. increased predation by faster predators.
c. decrease in speed and mobility.
d. decreased protection of the abdominal region.
8) some members of daphnia, a water flea, have a genetic mutation that causes them to
prefer warmer environments. these members reproduce and pass these genetic changes
to their offspring. the next generation will occupy warmer environments not previously
occupied by this species. this is an example of:
a. adaptation
b. homeostasis
c. irritability
d. all of the choices are correct.
9) the structure that directs food into the body of a rotifer is called the corona.
10) which of the following is not a nitrogenous waste product produced by the
excretory systems of animals?
a. ammonia
b. urea
c. uric acid
d. bile pigments
11) which description best supports the endosymbiotic theory of organelles?
a. eukaryotic cells acquired mitochondria and plastids by engulfing free-living bacteria
and developed a symbiotic relationship with them. mitochondria were derived from
anaerobic bacterium while choloroplasts were derived from aerobic bacterium.
b. eukaryotic cells acquired mitochondria and plastids by engulfing free-living bacteria
and developed a symbiotic relationship with them. mitochondria were derived from
aerobic bacterium while choloroplasts were derived from cyanobacterium.
c. eukaryotic cells acquired nuclei and flagella by engulfing free-living bacteria and
developed a symbiotic relationship with them. nuclei were derived from aerobic
bacterium while flagella were derived from motile bacteria.
d. eukaryotic cells acquired mitochondria and flagella by engulfing free-living bacteria
and developed a symbiotic relationship with them. mitochondria were derived from
aerobic bacterium while flagella were derived from motile bacteria.
12) identify which of the following scenarios is most probable for the evolution of
members of genus homo.
a. australopithecus afarensis gave rise to homo habilis who gave rise to homo ergaster
who gave rise to homo erectus
b. australopithecus afarensis gave rise to homo erectus who gave rise to homo ergaster
who gave rise to homo habilis
c. ardipithecus ramidis gave rise to homo habilis who gave rise to homo ergaster who
gave rise to homo erectus
d. australopithecus afarensis gave rise to homo habilis who gave rise to homo sapiens
who gave rise to homo erectus
13) the synthesis of dna or rna from the organic soup would have been guided by the
actions of enzymes in the
a. protein-first hypothesis.
b. rna-first hypothesis.
c. clay-catalyst hypothesis.
d. chloroplast.
14) which of the following could be used to grow lysogenicviruses in the laboratory?
a. chicken eggs
b. cell culture
c. bacteria
d. all of the choices could be used.
15) plant species a has a diploid number of 28 chromosomes, while plant species b has
a diploid number of 14 chromosomes. species a and b produce a hybrid through
alloploidy. the diploid number of chromosomes of the hybrid is
a. 28.
b. 14.
c. 42.
d. 21.
16) which of the following characterize b cells?
a. they function in antibody mediated immunity against bacteria.
b. they directly recognize antigens and undergo clonal selection.
c. they are manufactured and mature in the bone marrow.
d. all of the choices characterize b cells.
e. none of the choices characterize b cells.
17) why is it advantageous for the embryos of reptiles and birds to produce uric acid
instead of ammonia?
a. uric acid is relatively nontoxic and won’t harm the developing embryo as it is stored
inside of the egg. ammonia is far more toxic and could cause developmental problems if
it was confined to the interior of an egg alongside of the embryo.
b. uric acid will diffuse out of the shell whereas ammonia would be trapped inside of
the shell with the developing embryo.
c. uric acid can be recycled by the developing embryo and used as an alternative source
of energy. ammonia cannot be used as an alternative source of energy.
d. the uric acid can be broken down much easier than the ammonia by the excretory
system of these animals.